Biosorption of Lead(II) Ions by Dead Bacterial Biomass Isolated from Mine Water (original) (raw)
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Enzyme and Microbial Technology, 2007
Lead is present in different types of industrial effluents, being responsible for environmental pollution. Biosorption has attracted the attention in recent years as an alternative to conventional methods for heavy metal removal from water and wastewater. The biosorption of Pb(II) ions present in the storage battery industry wastewaters intensively, by Rhizopus arrhizus has been investigated in this study. This microorganism has been preferred since its biosorption feature was well known. A detailed study was conducted for the removal of Pb(II) ions which was very toxic even in low quantities to the receiving environment, from storage battery industry wastewater by biosorption system as advanced treatment technique, and to investigate the effects of the several parameters on its removal. The average Pb(II) ions concentration in the storage battery industry wastewater found 3.0 mg/L and reducing this value below 0.5 mg/L was aimed. In this study, the effects of the media conditions (pH, temperature, biomass concentration) on the biosorption of Pb(II) ions to R. arrhizus have been investigated in a batch reactor. Optimum biosorption conditions have been found of initial pH 4.5, temperature 30 • C and biomass concentration 1.0 g/L. The maximum biosorption capacity was obtained as 2.643 mg Pb(II)/g microorganism.
Minerals Engineering, 2011
Lead is present in different types of industrial effluents, being responsible for environmental pollution. Biosorption of heavy metal ions by biological material is a promising technology with a potential for treating mineral processing wastewater. In this fundamental work, the biosorption of Pb(II) ions from aqueous solutions using the bacteria Rhodococcus opacus was investigated as a function of contact time, initial metal ion concentration and temperature. The equilibrium studies showed that the biosorption is well described through the Langmuir isotherm model in comparison to the Freundlich model in the concentration range studied (20-200 mg/L). The biosorption capacity obtained from Langmuir equation increased from 86.2 to 95.2 mg/g as the temperature was increased from 15 to 35°C. Experimental data were also tested in terms of biosorption kinetics using pseudo-first order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models. The result showed that the biosorption processes of lead ions followed well pseudosecond-order kinetics and the adsorption rate constant increased with increasing temperature. The activation energy of biosorption (E a ) was determined (30.4 kJ/mol) using the pseudo-second-order rate constants. The positive values of both DH 0 and DS 0 obtained suggest that the biosorption of lead (II) ion on the R. opacus was spontaneous and endothermic in nature.
Water Science and Technology, 2011
Biosorption of Pb(II) by using digested sludge obtained from a municipal wastewater treatment plant in Tehran was examined. The aims of this investigation were biosorption of Pb(II) ions onto chemically treated digested sludge with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) solution and determination of kinetic and isotherm of biosorption. Biosorption capacity of two types of sludge (treated and untreated) for biosorption of Pb(II) ions was investigated as function of initial Pb(II) concentration and pH using batch biosorption systems. The equilibrium biosorption capacity increased with increasing of initial metal ion concentrations and pH for both of digested sludge. The pseudo-second order kinetic model was found to be slightly suitable than the pseudo-first order kinetic model to correlate the experimental data for two types of digested sludge (R2>0.9). Regarding the applicability of the isotherm models, the freundlich model was found to be suitable than the other isotherm models. According to ...
Biosorption of lead by Gram-ve capsulated
The biosorption of lead by two Gram-ve bacteria, either non-capsulated (Citrobacter freundii ) or capsulated (Klebsiella pneumoniae) was characterised. Lead biosorption was found to be influenced by the pH of the solution, initial metal concentration, and amount of the dried powdered cells and contact time. Thus, the optimum biosorption capacity, by the two tested bacteria, was attained at pH 4, initial lead concentration of about 481.2 mg/ℓ and contacted with 2 g dried cells/ℓ for 100 min. However, the dried powdered cells of both organisms can be safely stored for long periods (125 d) at room temperature (25 ± 2ْC) without any loss of their biosorption efficiency, i.e. their binding sites not affected by storage. The results revealed that the presence of capsule (K. pneumoniae) increased the biosorption efficiency of the bacterium.
Biosorption of lead by Gram-ve capsulated and non-capsulated bacteria
Water SA, 2007
The biosorption of lead by two Gram-ve bacteria, either non-capsulated (Citrobacter freundii) or capsulated (Klebsiella pneumoniae) was characterised. Lead biosorption was found to be influenced by the pH of the solution, initial metal concentration, and amount of the dried powdered cells and contact time. Thus, the optimum biosorption capacity, by the two tested bacteria, was attained at pH 4, initial lead concentration of about 481.2 mg/ℓ and contacted with 2 g dried cells/ℓ for 100 min. However, the dried powdered cells of both organisms can be safely stored for long periods (125 d) at room temperature (25 ± 2ْC) without any loss of their biosorption efficiency, i.e. their binding sites not affected by storage. The results revealed that the presence of capsule (K. pneumoniae) increased the biosorption efficiency of the bacterium.
International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 2013
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A bacterial strain capable of Zinc and Lead biosorption was isolated from mine tailings. This strain showed the highest minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of metals among other isolates in metal-resistance tests. Sorption tests were conducted placing 0.015 g of dry biomass in 10 ml of metallic solution at fixed pH. Contact was analyzed at different times (kinetics) and different initial concentrations (isotherm). The biomass was separated by centrifugation and the concentration of non-absorbed metal was determined using atomic absorption spectroscopy. The strain was identified by 16S sequencing as Delftia tsuruhatensis. The order of toxicity of the metals to the bacterium was Zn > Pb > Se > Ni > Cu = Al. Zinc and Lead absorption kinetics were adjusted to the pseudo second order equation (r 2 = 0.99), showing that equilibrium was reached at 40 and 20 min, respectively. Maximal absorption of Pb and Zn was 0.216 and 0.207 mmol·g -1 , respectively; which can be considered a median magnitude capacity when compared to other biosorbents described in the literature.
Design of Experiments for Biosorption of Lead Ions from Wastewater by Box-Wilson's Method
Box-Wilson's method of design of experiments was used to maximize heavy metal removal from synthetic wastewater. The process of optimization was based on four independent pertinent parameters: agitation speed (150-250) rpm, initial metal concentration (20-40) mg/l, pH (4-8), and biomass dose (2-4) g/l. Lead was chosen as heavy metal. A maximum biosorption was practically attained following thirty runs of different experiments, as given by 2 4-Central Composite Design (CCD). The best conditions were initial metal concentration 25.29 mg/l, pH 5.78, biomass dose 3.36 g/l, agitation speed 209.21 rpm. The gained data of experiments were used to form a semiempirical model, based upon a quadratic polynomial, to foretell lead ions biosorption. The model was examined using a statistical software (Design Expert ® 11.0) and found adequate. Biosorption response surfaces and contour plots were generated using the developed model, which exposed the existence of high biosorption plateaus whose specifications will be beneficial in monitoring industrial scale or pilot-scale units of future to confirm economic achievability.
2008
The ability of a fast growing plant (Basella alba L.) to remove lead(II) and chromium(III) ions from aqueous solutions has been studied in a batch system. The effects of various parameters such as pH, biomass dosage, agitation time; and initial metal concentration were examined and have been found to have direct influence on the uptake of the metals by the biosorbent. Time-dependence experiments for the metal ions showed that optimum binding to the Basella alba L. occurred within 30 min. and 7 min. for Pb 2+ and Cr 3+ , respectively. Metal uptake decreased with increase in biosorbent dose for the two metals. The kinetic data fitted well to the pseudo-second-order model. The values of the rate constant, k 2 , for both metals were found to be 0.5644g mg-1 min-1 and 22.303 gmg-1 min-1 for Pb 2+ and Cr 3+ , respectively. Equilibrium data followed both Langmuir and Freundlich models. Using the thermodynamic equilibrium coefficients obtained at different temperatures, the thermodynamic parameters of each biosorption process were evaluated. The biosorption of Pb 2+ was found to be endothermic with ∆H o of 18.96 kJmol-1 while that of Cr 3+ was exothermic with ∆H o of-4.137 kJmol-1. The changes in entropy (∆S o) of biosorption values obtained were 0.079 and-0.013 kJK-1 mol-1 for Pb 2+ and Cr 3+ , respectively. The values of ∆G o obtained for the two metals were-4.574 and-0.280 kJmol-1 , respectively. The values indicate the feasibility and spontaneous nature of the biosorption process.