Advancing in self-determination: study on the self-perceptions of adults with intellectual disabilities from an inclusive research perspective (original) (raw)
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2019
The development of self-determination skills in people with intellectual disabilities should be promoted from natural contexts and not only from formal environments. To know the extent to which families can facilitate or hinder self-determination, the beliefs, perceptions and attitudes about self-determination of 282 parents of adults with intellectual disabilities in Chile have been analyzed from a non-experimental quantitative paradigm. The main results show how attitudes and beliefs in favor of self-determination increase the performance of these skills among children. Likewise, it is adults with severe disabilities who receive, by parents, fewer opportunities to develop their self-determination. The discussion of these findings allows to infer certain tendencies of action among the children from the beliefs and attitudes of the parents. This helps to identify training needs in families and to guide future interventions on this construct from the family context.El desarrollo de h...
2020
Self-determination has become the key construct to ensure the development of skills that allow people with disabilities to gain control over their lives. This study, from an inclusive research paradigm, seeks to assess the self-perceptions about self-determination of 122 adults with intellectual disabilities in Chile. The data of this research have been collected through an ad hoc questionnaire in online software format and a semi-structured interview. The main results show how the participants have low levels of self-determination. The development of competencies related to self-defense or self-instruction are greatly diminished unlike other skills such as decision making or problem solving. From these evidences it is discussed how the challenges that these people face during their adulthood (relocation of the place of residence, aging, etc.) demand new strategies that guide the work on self-determination. In addition, the development of inclusive research involving the real partic...
2020
Self-determination in people with disabilities is crucial for achieving their quality of life. Support given from families to their children depends to a large extent on the reinforcement of perceptions about self-determination. In that sense, this research aims to describe the opinion of parents of adolescents and young people with intellectual disabilities about this construct. Five focus groups were formed with 42 participants. The lexicometric analysis of the group interviews using Iramuteq software yielded four dimensions: autonomy; barriers in the family and the background; support and opportunities; psychological capabilities. Parents do not acknowledge the entire concept of self-determination. They associate it with autonomy for personal care and housework and, to a lesser extent, with community life. The family barriers are psychological: fear, overprotection, underestimation and lack of trust in the child's capacity. This leads to less opportunity offer. They consider ...
Revista Información Científica , 2022
Introduction: self-determination, as an evolutionary process, is not an automatic result of psychological maturation or the age of the human being, however, it depends on the interaction between psychological and environmental factors in which the individual is immersed throughout his or her life. Objective: to assess the importance of family as an external factor in the empowerment and development of self-determination in adolescents with physical-motor disabilities. Method: for this purpose, a literature review in Internet databases was carried out on researches (published in the last 5 years) based on the family and its influence on the empowerment of the development of self-determination. Results: the family plays an essential role in enabling adolescents with physical-motor disabilities at the time to transcend prolonged and profound levels of dependence on adults who care for them, also to develop self-determined behavior, and to achieve optimal levels of psychological development and social integration, helped them to achieve a regulated behavior in a healthy way. Family, as basic socializing agent, needs to be a platform for unleashing these potentialities. Conclusions: researchers tend to focus more on the personal factors underlying the development of self-determination, than on the social environmental factors that act as facilitators or barriers for the development of its components, like family.
Changes in the Understanding and Approach to Persons with Intellectual Disability
SIGLOCERO 7 últimos avances en el enfoque y concepción de las personas con discapacidad intelectual summary Advances in the field of intellectual disabilities happen very quickly forcing us to reconsider the condition to generate new and updated knowledge to improve the lives of people with intellectual disabilities. The article briefly summarizes the main points raised in the 11th edition of the Manual of the American Association of Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (AAIDD) published in 2010 (in Spanish will be in 2011), which reading is essential for a more extensive and detailed understanding. At last we present a new terminology, intellectual disability, eliminating the SIGLOCERO Revista Española sobre Discapacidad Intelectual Vol 41 (4), Núm. 236, 2010 Pág. 7 a pág. 21 8 term mental retardation. The conceptual model is updated from a socio-ecologi cal and multidimensional perspective, explaining the characteristics of an opera tional definition and a constitutive definition of the category. There has been significant changes over the last decades in the operational definition we use to define the class, the assumptions that are implicit in such a definition, and the use of statistically-based cutoff scores, standard error of measurement estimates, and statistically based confidence intervals to determine who is included in the class. A summary of the emergence of multidimensional classification systems and the parameters of an exemplary multidimensional classification system is presented. Finally, we examine the implications of the multidimensional model of human functioning for education and social services, how best to align clini cal functions, how to conceptualize and deliver a 'systems of supports', and cla rifying the personal and family-related outcomes that should provide the empi rical basis for public policy outcomes.
Este artículo ofrece una reflexión profunda sobre las implicaciones emocionales y personales que se dan en un proceso de investigación social. A través de la experiencia de la investigadora en el estudio de la discapacidad y el género se ponen de manifiesto las múltiples interacciones e intersecciones que se dan en un proceso de investigación entre lo epistemológico, lo teórico, lo metodológico y lo personal, lo político y lo emocional. This article offers a deep reflection on the emotional and personal implications of a social research process. The researcher's experience in the study of disability and gender highlights the multiple interactions and intersections that occur in a process of investigation which encompasses epistemological, theoretical, methodological approaches and the personal, political and emotional dimensions.
Autodeterminación en adolescentes y jóvenes con discapacidad intelectual: perspectiva de los padres
Siglo Cero Revista Española sobre Discapacidad Intelectual, 2020
La autodeterminación de las personas con discapacidad es esencial para el logro de su calidad de vida. El apoyo que brindan las familias a los hijos depende en buena medida de las percepciones que sostienen sobre la autodeterminación. Por eso esta investigación pretende describir la opinión de padres de adolescentes y jóvenes con discapacidad intelectual acerca de este constructo. Se conformaron 5 grupos focales, con 42 participantes. El análisis lexicométrico de las entrevistas grupales, utilizando el software Iramuteq, arrojó cuatro dimensiones: autonomía; barreras en la familia y el entorno; apoyos y oportunidades; capacidades psicológicas. Los padres desconocen el concepto de autodeterminación en toda su extensión. Lo asocian con la autonomía en el cuidado personal y en las tareas del hogar y, en menor medida, con la vida en la comunidad. Las barreras familiares son de tipo psicológico: el miedo, la sobreprotección, la subestimación y falta de confianza en las capacidades del hi...
Psicología Educativa, 2014
Las personas con discapacidad intelectual parecen ocupar un segundo plano en la toma de decisiones que conciernen a su propia calidad de vida. El objetivo general de la presente investigación es evaluar un programa ideado para promocionar la autodeterminación y la calidad de vida de estas personas. Se recurrió a un diseño cuasi-experimental pretest-posttest con grupo control sin tratamiento. La muestra fue seleccionada intencionalmente y estuvo compuesta por 20 personas, mayores de edad, con discapacidad intelectual, usuarias de la Unidad de Día ATUREM y que acudían con regularidad al centro. El procedimiento se implantó durante dos meses. Los resultados informan de un incremento de las puntuaciones del grupo experimental frente al grupo control. De este modo, el programa apuesta por la autodeterminación como elemento directamente relacionado con la mejora de la calidad de vida y la integración en la comunidad de las personas adultas con discapacidad intelectual.