Reproductive developmental transcriptome analysis of Tripidium ravennae (Poaceae) (original) (raw)
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Annals of botany, 2011
The MADS-box transcription factor AGAMOUS (AG) is an important regulator of stamen and fruit identity as well as floral meristem determinacy in a number of core eudicots and monocots. However, its role outside of these groups has not been assessed explicitly. Examining its role in opium poppy, a basal eudicot, could uncover much about the evolution and development of flower and fruit development in the angiosperms. AG orthologues were isolated by degenerate RT-PCR and the gene sequence and structure examined; gene expression was characterized using in situ hybridization and the function assessed using virus-induced gene silencing. In opium poppy, a basal eudicot, the AGAMOUS orthologue is alternatively spliced to produce encoded products that vary at the C-terminus, termed PapsAG-1 and PapsAG-2. Both transcripts are expressed at high levels in stamens and carpels. The functional implications of this alternative transcription were examined using virus-induced gene silencing and the r...
Evolutionary Conservation of Genes Controlling Flowering Pathways Between Arabidopsis and Grasses
Floriculture, Ornamental and Plant Biotechnology: Advances and Topical Issues Vol. IV, 2006
Extensive research has been carried out, especially in model dicotyledonous species such as Arabidopsis, on the characterization of the genetically controlled successive conversions of meristem identities that lead to the concentric arrangement of floral organs in specific whorls. Using data from the Sugarcane Expressed Sequence Tags (ESTs) Project (SUCEST) database, we have identified sugarcane genes putatively involved in reproductive meristem and flower development. Sequence comparisons of flower-related genes among sugarcane and other plants have uncovered conserved evolutionary pathways of flower development and flower pattern formation between dicots and monocots. We have paid special attention to the analysis of the pathways that promote or repress flowering and to the role of the MADS-box multigene family of transcription factors during early flower development.
Transcriptional Programs of Early Reproductive Stages in Arabidopsis
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY, 2004
The life cycle of flowering plants alternates between a diploid sporophytic and a haploid gametophytic generation. After fertilization of each the egg and central cells by one male gamete, the development of both fertilization products occurs coordinated with the maternally derived seed coat and carpel tissues forming the fruit. The reproduction program is likely to involve the concerted activity of many genes. To identify genes with specific functions during reproduction, we have analyzed the expression profile of more than 22,000 genes present on the Arabidopsis ATH1 microarray during three stages of flower and fruit development. We found 1,886 genes regulated during reproductive development and 1,043 genes that were specifically expressed during reproduction. When compared to cells from an Arabidopsis suspension culture, S-phase genes were underrepresented and G2 and M-phase genes were strongly enriched in the set of specific genes, indicating that important functions during reproduction are exerted in the G2 and M phases of the cell cycle. Many potential signaling components, such as receptor-like protein kinases, phosphatases, and transcription factors, were present in both groups of genes. Members of the YABBY, MADS box, and Myb transcription factor families were significantly overrepresented in the group of specific genes, revealing an important role of these families during reproduction. Furthermore, we found a significant enrichment of predicted secreted proteins smaller than 15 kD that could function directly as signaling molecules or as precursors for peptide hormones. Our study provides a basis for targeted reverse-genetic approaches aimed to identify key genes of reproductive development in plants.
Frontiers in plant science, 2014
Agriculturally important grasses such as rice, maize, and sugarcane are evolutionarily distant from Arabidopsis, yet some components of the floral induction process are highly conserved. Flowering in sugarcane is an important factor that negatively affects cane yield and reduces sugar/ethanol production from this important perennial bioenergy crop. Comparative studies have facilitated the identification and characterization of putative orthologs of key flowering time genes in sugarcane, a complex polyploid plant whose genome has yet to be sequenced completely. Using this approach we identified phosphatidylethanolamine-binding protein (PEBP) gene family members in sugarcane that are similar to the archetypical FT and TFL1 genes of Arabidopsis that play an essential role in controlling the transition from vegetative to reproductive growth. Expression analysis of ScTFL1, which falls into the TFL1-clade of floral repressors, showed transcripts in developing leaves surrounding the shoot ...
The transcription machinery underlying flower formation
2009
A key step in transcription is the sequence specific binding of transcription factors to their DNA recognition sites. In plants virtually no information is available about the composition of transcription factor complexes. Also DNA recognition and binding is still a mystery. Here we present the first results of the composition of transcription factor complexes and protein-DNA interactions by in vivo measurements. A master role is reserved for the glue protein SEP3, which is required for the formation of the flower and all its organs.
Cloning and Characterization of Prunus serotina AGAMOUS, a Putative Flower Homeotic Gene
Plant Molecular Biology Reporter, 2010
Members of the AGAMOUS subfamily of MADS-box transcription factors play an important role in regulating the development of reproductive organs in flowering plants. To help understand the mechanism of floral development in black cherry (Prunus serotina), PsAG (a putative flower homeotic identity gene) was isolated, and its MIKC-type structure was shown to be a homolog of the Arabidopsis thaliana AG gene. It was a single-copy gene in black cherry. A phylogenetic tree derived from the protein sequence indicated PsAG to be a C-function flower homeotic gene with a high similarity to other AG homologs, such as those from Prunus persica and Prunus mume. PsAG met the criteria for AG subfamily gene structure with a typical MIKC structure. In situ hybridization showed that PsAG was expressed mainly in the floral meristem, such as stamen and carpel primordia during the early stage of floral development, and transcript of PsAG accumulated in the tissues of the ovary, stigma, style, and stamens. When the flowers matured, PsAG had enhanced expression in ovary, style, and stigma, with decreased expression in the stamen. PsAG continued to be expressed in the ovule at the late stage of flower development. The developmental patterns of expression were consistent with those of AG and homologs from other species. Both phylogenetic analysis and expression-pattern data suggest that PsAG was the black cherry homolog of Arabidopsis AG. An RNAi construct with a partial PsAG gene was constructed for black cherry transformation.
DNA Sequence, 2007
For uncovering and understanding the molecular mechanisms controlling flower development in cultivated Crocus sativus and particularly the transformation of sepals in outer whorl (whorl 1) tepals, we have cloned and characterized the expression of a family of five PISTILLATA/GLOBOSA-like (PI/GLO-like) MADS-box genes expressed in the C. sativus flower. The deduced amino acid sequences of the coded proteins indicated high homology with members of the MADS-box family of transcription factors, and particularly with other members of the PI/GLO family of MADS-box proteins that control floral organ identity. PI/GLO expression studies in cultivated C. sativus uncover the presence of PI/GLO transcripts not only in the second and third whorls of flower organs as expected, but also in the outer whorl tepals that are the sepals in most typical flowers. This heterotopic expression of both B-class genes: PI/GLO and AP3/DEF, known to form heterodimers for stamens and petals (petaloid inner whor l-whorl 2-tepals in C. sativus), explains the homeotic transformation of sepals into outer whorl tepals in this species. Analysis of PI/GLO sequences from C. sativus for putative targets to known micro-RNAs (miRNAs) showed that the target site for ath-miRNA167 found in Arabidopsis thaliana PI is not present in C. sativus, however, the PI/GLO sequences may be regulated by an ath-miRNA163.
Patterns of MADS-box gene expression mark flower-type development in Gerbera hybrida (Asteraceae)
BMC plant biology, 2006
The inflorescence of the cut-flower crop Gerbera hybrida (Asteraceae) consists of two principal flower types, ray and disc, which form a tightly packed head, or capitulum. Despite great interest in plant morphological evolution and the tractability of the gerbera system, very little is known regarding genetic mechanisms involved in flower type specification. Here, we provide comparative staging of ray and disc flower development and microarray screening for differentially expressed genes, accomplished via microdissection of hundreds of coordinately developing flower primordia. Using a 9K gerbera cDNA microarray we identified a number of genes with putative specificity to individual flower types. Intrestingly, several of these encode homologs of MADS-box transcription factors otherwise known to regulate flower organ development. From these and previously obtained data, we hypothesize the functions and protein-protein interactions of several gerbera MADS-box factors. Our RNA expressio...