International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE) (original) (raw)
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Assessing the Environmental Impact of Process Automation in German Manufacturing GVCs
2018
Both automation and climate change are important topics on today's policy agenda. Automation is often argued to have environmental benefits in terms of energy efficiency, however, no attempt has yet been made to empirically address the relation between automation and energy consumption. Therefore this paper aims to fill this gap by exploring whether automation and energy intensity developments follow similar trends and tests for the existence of a correlation. Another contribution of this paper is the evaluation of energy intensity developments and automation in global value chains, as this accounts for the effect of offshoring and enables the incorporation of the rebound effect commonly discussed in the ICT-energy intensity literature. The first part of the analysis is focused on deriving labor income shares, which serve as a proxy for automation, and energy intensity levels in German GVCs. In order to do so, a multi-region input-output model is employed in combination with data from the WIOD. Subsequently, the existence of a relationship between labor income share and energy intensity developments is examined based on a simple regression model. The main findings show that (i) automation was present in all GVCs as labor income shares declined and were not found to be related to offshoring; (ii) energy intensity initially increased, but started to fall after 2000; (iii) overall automation was associated with a small reduction in energy intensity; and (iv) automation in foreign production stages was accompanied by a rise in energy intensity.
Proceedings of 2018, 3 rd International Conference on Electrical, Control and Automation Engineering (ECAE2018) (ISBN:978-1-60595-080-8, ISSN: 2475-885X) , 2018
Dr.Vijayan Gurumurthy Iyer (2018), “ Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) Process for Sustainable Industrial Automation, Electrical, Mechanical and Robotic Systems -Sustainability Excellence Achievements”. In Proceedings of 2018, 3 rd International Conference on Electrical, Control and Automation Engineering (ECAE2018) (ISBN:978-1-60595-080-8, ISSN: 2475-885X) held during September 27-28, 2018 at Wuhan, China The website is http://www.ecae2018.org/com DOI 10.12 783 /dtetr/ecae2018/27702 The paper has been published in proceedings book of ECAE2018 page number 32-39 and DEStech Transactions on Engineering and Technology Research (ISSN:2475-885X) titled “Advanced Physics Research and Design” Published by DEStech publications, Inc., www.destechpub.com , Pennsylvania, U.S.A.. Keywords: Industrial automation, Depletion, Electrical, Mechanical, Control, Robotics, Sustainable ozone layer, Sustainable development. Abstract. This research has been focussed in to the design and development of sustainable ozone layer to restore back global warming potential into original conditions deliberating production and use of ozone friendly substances in process. The Sustainable ozone layer is a kind of new Ozone layer development that meets the needs of the present generation’s ultraviolet radiation protection requirements without compromising the ability and efficacy of the future generations to meet their own ultraviolet radiation protection requirements. Strategic environmental assessment (SEA) process for industrial automation, electrical, mechanical and robotics systems has been discussed. Strategic environmental assessment (SEA) process can be broadly defined as a study of the impacts of a proposed project, plan, project, policy or legislative action on the environment and sustainability. SEA process has been aimed to incorporate environmental and sustainability factors in to project planning and decision-making process such as project formulation and appraisal of Matsushita Carbon Company (MCC) plant in 1979 at Tada and cotton roller ginning plant as well as certain other projects that included policies, programs, plans and legislative actions. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) process can be defined as the systematic identification and evaluation of the potential environmental impacts (effects) of proposed projects, plans, programs, policies or legislative actions with respect to the physical, chemical, physico-chemical, biological, biochemical, cultural, archaeological and socioeconomic environmental components relative to the total environment. The primary purpose of the EIA process is to encourage the consideration of the environment in Organizational’s planning and decision-making process (OPDM) and to arrive at actions that are environmentally compatible. OPDM process should include the integrated consideration of technical or engineering, economic, environmental, safety, and health, social and sustainability factors to achieve business excellence. Prior to the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) process in 1970 in the USA, technical and economic factors dominance the World’s projects. The objective of the study design conceptualization of SEA process based on fifteen number of sustainable detailed project reports (DPRs) submitted by the extension learners of Diploma in Entrepreneurship and Business Management (DEBM) course conducted by the Entrepreneurship Development Institute of India (The EDI of India) during the research year (RY) 1999 to 2018 under the author’s counsellorship. The design of the study is cross sectional. Environmental Health Impact Assessment (EHIA) process has been conducted for projects to consider the safety and health impacts to mitigate psychological health loadings on workers and nearby residents. Social Impact Assessment (SIA) process can be defined as the systematic identification and evaluation of the potential social impacts (effects) of proposed projects, plans, programs, or legislative action such that social consideration is encouraged in OPDM process and to arrive at actions that are socially compatible. SEA process concerns to environment and sustainability effects in OPDM process and arrive at proposed projects, plans, programs, and legislative actions that are compatible with respect to environment and sustainability issues. International EIA process required multi-disciplinary approach that has been conducted very early stage of Japanese Matsushita carbon rod project in 1982 for 32 strategic environmental assessment. The paper highlights SEA process conducted for certain projects that based on operation and process approach and associated studies for sustainable educational development. Engineering product environmental life-cycle assessment (LCA) process, Economic Input Output LCA and Hybrid Life-cyle inventory Approach have been conducted for identifying and measuring the impact of certain industrial products on the environment by means of mass and energy balance methods [Vijayan Gurumurthy Iyer, 2018]. LCA considers the activities related to raw materials, transformation, ancillary materials, equipment, method, market, man power, production, use, disposal and ancillary equipment. As far as safety is concerned personal protective equipment and materials (PPEMs) that include garments, clothing, gloves, safety shoes, hard hats, safety glasses, shields, respirators, full aprons, safety belts, and other safety items which must be used by an individual. Such equipment is important for personal protection and for safety. It is the manager’s and supervisor’s responsibility to ensure that they are used. The enactment of worker’s compensation law and occupational disease law shall increase materially the cost of insurance to industry. The increased cost and the certainty with which it is applied will put a premium on accident-prevention work. This cost can be materially reduced by the installation of safety devices. Research experience has shown that approximately 80% of all the accidents are preventable. EIA and EHIA processes have been conducted for research projects to consider the safety and health impacts to mitigate psychological health loadings on workers and nearby residents. SEA system is a potentially useful element of good environmental management and sustainable development; however, as currently practiced in industries, it is far from perfection. Emphasis should be given in industries involving the industrial automation, electrical, mechanical and robotics systems on maintaining economic viability of the operation, while in turn taking care to preserve the ecological and social sustainability of the country. International EIA process required multi-disciplinary approach that has been conducted very early stage of Indo-Matsushita Midget electrode project in 1982 at Tada for technical, economic, ecological and social sustainability [Vijayan Gurumurthy Iyer, 2018]. Design and construction of sustainable industrial control and automation, electrical , mechanical , machine learning and artificial intelligence systems have been implemented. The Semantic scholar (Allen Institute for Artificial Intelligence) has cited index two articles of the author in 2016. Sabinet online has indexed two papers of the author in 2015.
Green Human Resource Management in Manufacturing Company
IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) e-ISSN: 2278-487X, p-ISSN: 2319-7668. Volume 22, Issue 4. Ser. VII (April. 2020), PP 48-57 www.iosrjournals.org, 2020
Industrial sector is one of the biggest contributors to environmental degradation which concerns in making a green sustainability business. The implementation of Green Manufacturing in the world faces obstacles to gain profit rather than to improve or develop. Manufacturing companies have to develop Green human resources management (GHRM) as a HRM application for minimizing the negative impact caused by the activities in all business processes. The main objective of this research is to investigate the relationship between Green Competency, Green Motivation, and Green Employee Involvement, with Environment Performance, and to examine how the organization can increase their Environmental Performance. To gain better understanding for environmental performance, research uses Organizational Citizenship Behaviour towards Environment to moderating the relationship between Green Competency, Green Motivation, and Green Employee Involvement, with Environment Performance. Quantitative method is applied and the primary data is collected using a questionnaire using a 5 point likert scale. Analysis using Structural Equation Modelling to investigate a sample of 100 Head Office employees in one of a manufacturing company in Indonesia. Results of the study reveal that Green Motivation and Employee Involvement has a positive impact on Environmental Performance. The finding of this study will be used as references for the Human Resource Division to make programs to enhance company environmental performance.
GREEN HR: THE ESSENCE FOR SUSTAINABILITY IN THE 21ST CENTURY
The Green human resources management is a new management philosophy is based on green movement related to Protection of surroundings and pattern in which " green " concept applied to the field of human resource management. It's essential meaning is to take " green " management tools to enhance ecological benefits i.e., " To defend & improve the human environment for present and future generation has become an imperative goal for mankind. " Green HR is basically for economic and social perspective to achieve employees' psychology, human and ecological harmony. It was affirmed that, Green HR is the use of Human Resources Management policies to endorse the sustainable use of resources within business communities on the significance of going green and adopting various environment management techniques in business organizations and to our surrounding milieu, more generally, promotes the cause of environmental sustainability. The Green HRM involves indispensable elements i.e. 'environmental friendly HR practices', which will as well help the producers and Manufacturers in visualization and brand building. Rigorous implementation of the ISO 14000 standards and environmental audit systems will help change the organizational culture and approach towards waste management& pollution. In this paper an attempt has been made to promote the importance of Green HRM in polluting industries. The topic of environmental sustainability is drawing increased attention. Efficiency created by Green HRM can help cut operational costs and facilitates the industry professionals to realize their Corporate Social Responsibility in an enhanced manner.
Sustainable Design and Management of Industrial Systems—A Human Factors Perspective
Applied System Innovation
The aim of this concept article is to articulate multiple contributions from socio-technical fields into an approach for sustaining human-centred lifecycle management of industrial systems. Widespread digitalization and advanced robotics have fostered interest on innovative human-machine integration and sophisticated organizational transformation that is conducive to meeting the challenges of sustainability. Complementing technology-driven and data-driven approaches to industrial systems development, the human factors approach offers a systems perspective that is at once human-centred while striving for overall system performance, by considering technological and organizational perspectives alike. The paper presents a set of recent human factors developments, selected based on their potential to advance sustainability in industrial systems, including an activity-centred design perspective of industrial systems, and a unified and entangled view on organizational goals yielding a dyna...
Editorial: Automation in green manufacturing
IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering, 2013
To date he has published about 140 refereed journal and conference papers. His primary research interests are in modeling, analysis and control of manufacturing, service, and health care systems.
GREEN HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT (GHRM) PRACTICES IN ORGANIZATIONS: A COMPREHENSIVE LITERATURE SURVEY
The concept of Green Human Resource Management is founded on green movement related to Protection of Environment and save the Earth from future adversities which are in outcome of some human activities as well as natural disasters. The topic of environmental sustainability is attracting increased attention. Green human resources refer to using very employee interface to promote sustainable practices and increase employee awareness and commitments on the issue of sustainability .It involves undertaking environmental friendly HR initiatives resulting in greater efficiencies, lower costs and better employee engagement and retention which is in turn help organizations to reduce employee carbon footprints by the likes of electronic filing ,car sharing, job sharing and teleconferencing and virtual interviews, recycling, telecommuting, online training, energy efficient office spaces etc. The " Magna Carta " on Human Environment was declared in the first United Nations(International) Conference on Human Environment held in June 1972 in Stockholm declared that to defend and improve the human environment for present and future generation had become an imperative goal for mankind. In present research paper researcher has endeavored to promote the significance of Green HRM in current business and other organizations and to study the latest environmental friendly solutions to stay Green in the Human Resource Management function.
The Journal of Social Sciences Research, 2018
Green Human Resource Management (Green HRM) is vital in improving the management and productivity of organization. Green HRM is a new approach which is implemented in the organizations in order to improve the environmental management. There are several studies about green HRM and they are not adequate to provide guidelines to the organization. This paper focuses on the awareness of HR Manager about Green Human Resource Management in Manufacturing Industry. There are three objectives of study. The first objective is to determine to what extent HR managers in Manufacturing Industry aware about green HRM and second, to identify perceived challenges of adopting green HRM in manufacturing industry. The third objective is to identify perceived benefits of adopting green HRM in manufacturing industry. This study was conducted in Manufacturing Companies in the Southern Part of Malaysia. The methodology employed is qualitative inquiry as it able to generate deeper understanding of underexplored social phenomenon of the context under study. The data collection technique adopted is in-depth interview with the managers of HR department in manufacturing companies in Johore. The data analysis adopted for this study is thematic analysis. The result had shown that most HR managers were not aware about what the meaning of the term of green HRM but surprisingly their companies have already implement and adopt several elements of green HRM. The study has articulated the benefits of adopting green HRM but also attentive to the challenges in adopting the green HRM in their firms. In conclusion, this study provides a deeper understanding to the managerial perspectives on the benefits and challenges of green HRM.
Sustainability: A New Manufacturing Paradigm
Jurnal teknologi, 2015
Recently, many industries adopted lean manufacturing philosophy to improve efficiency through reducing waste for maximization of profit. Most of the manufacturers have benefited the implementation of lean manufacturing through process effectiveness. However, despite of all its effectiveness in the production process, manufacturing industry is facing a real challenge instigated by the stakeholders (i.e. Customers, policy makers, regulatory authorities and society). Stakeholders are consistently pressurizing manufacturers to integrate the social and environmental factor within their production process to protect society and the environment from the negative effects of the manufacturing process, as a result manufacturing process experience continuous adaptation. This adaptation caused technological and procedural shifts, this significantly alter the fundamental manufacturing concepts. Current study provide the basic alterations in the fundamental principles of the green manufacturing paradigm, this adaptation ultimately leads to the new manufacturing paradigm of Sustainable manufacturing. Sustainable manufacturing is a broader concept of manufacturing focused on the integration of social, environmental and economic factors in manufacturing procedures.
Industrial sustainability: challenges, perspectives, actions
International Journal of Business Innovation and Research, 2013
Our vision is a future industrial system that delivers high value to its growing base of customers around the globe, while using, at most, a quarter of the current resources. The urgency for change is now feeding through from scientists into mainstream government, business and academic thinking. This sustainable industrial system would be very different to today's global industry -less homogenous with different business models and different relationships, creating different products and services -requiring new strategies, frameworks, and tools. In order to achieve this target a system design approach is required. Systemic implications for sustainable manufacturing, supply chain design, sustainability performance measurement and management, and organisational change are provided in this paper. Open questions and discussion about tomorrow activities are derived, providing recommendations for educators, researchers, industrialists, and policy makers.