The COVID-19 crisis worsens with the occurrence of climate extremes and disasters (original) (raw)
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Texila International Journal of Management, 2024
Africa has kept the COVID-19 impact lower than in the other world's continents despite its challenges of high population with a population density of 45 people per square kilometer, low economic development status, high population, informal settlements, lack of water and sanitation facilities which makes it more difficult to ensure practices that will assure safety such as hand washing and social distancing. These challenges make Africa more vulnerable to the disease, but the continent has remained the least affected. The study aims to unearth factors essential to Africa's success in managing the CORONA Virus by examining the Covid-19 impact in Africa and the commonly cited hypothetical factors thought to reduce same which include Good Public Support, Young Population, Fewer old age homes, Warm Climate and Good Community Health System. fifty-five countries in Africa were covered in this study. Secondary data was obtained from reputable databases such the world in data, World meter and weather spark. Regression analysis was used to analyze the data. Two dependent variables were identified which include Case infection, case fatality. It also identified five (5) independent variables including public support, old age homes, age, climate, and public health. The findings of the study were that the hypothetical factors have a significant influence on the low impact of COVID-19 in Africa. The study concluded that public support variable has the most positive impact on the reduction of COVID impact in Africa. The study recommends strengthening of data capturing and public support policy for COVID-19 worldwide.
COVID-19 and Management of Parallel Disasters
Clinical Infectious Diseases: Open Access, 2020
Corona virus has taken up the limelight in the sector of disasters since its arrival, however since then the world has faced various other major and minor hazards which have turned into disasters. Be it the Beirut explosion or the Air-India plane crash, disasters have been continuously creating trouble for people. Being in the same time as Covid-19, these disasters can be labelled as parallel disasters. Parallel disasters are difficult to manage as they have a cumulative impact. Sometimes there are multiple hazards and sometimes one hazard leads to another, both the times disaster management becomes very difficult. However, there is one field in the form of public health which can strengthen the resilience of the population and thus decrease the cumulative impact without even interacting directly with the disaster. In this article, we look at various types of disaster, along with Covid-19, which have either caused havoc or have the potential to become catastrophes, in the Indian context. The article will look at natural disasters like floods, earthquakes, cyclones and the very devastating heat waves along with man-made disasters like industrial disasters and oil spills. The article will also give a considerable heed to epidemics in the form of Covid-19. We will touch upon the topic of disaster management for all the mentioned disasters which can act as parallel disasters in India and look at why public health can be an important element in management of parallel disasters. Finally the article will talk about the Indian disaster management policy and institutional framework and look at where and how parallel disasters and public health systems can be incorporated in it.
Lessons from COVID-19 for future disasters: an opinion paper
Revista Española de Quimioterapia
A “Pandemic/Disaster Law” is needed to condense and organize the current dispersed and multiple legislation. The State must exercise a single power and command appropriate to each situation, with national validity. The production of plans for the use of land and real estate as potential centers for health care, shelter or refuge is recommended. There should be specific disaster plans at least for Primary Health Care, Hospitals and Socio-sanitary Centers. The guarantee of the maintenance of communication and supply routes is essential, as well as the guarantee of the autochthonous production of basic goods. The pandemic has highlighted the need to redefine the training plans for physicians who, in their different specialties, have to undertake reforms that allow a more versatile and transversal training. National research must have plans to be able to respond quickly to questions posed by the various crises, using all the nation’s resources and in particular, all the data and capabil...
Preventive Approach and Preparation for Crisis Management Before the Outbreak COVID-19
health in emergencies and disasters quarterly, 2020
pidemic crises lead to the quarantine and closure of many commercial and social activities, which can cause a lot of damage to communities. The recent coronavirus crisis, which has spread from China had many consequences due to its unknown nature and rapid spread. The epidemic is so severe that it was issued as a global warning by the World Health Organization. This epidemic has placed a heavy burden on China's healthcare system due to a lack of equipment, resources, predictive models, and medicine [1, 2].
COVID-19 Pandemic: Management emergencies response and lesson learned from the Globe
WHO released the COVID-19 Pandemic that hit at least 223 countries and territories and global confirmed cases reached nearly 103,631,793 people and 2.17% of them died. Countries such as China, America, Europe, Belgium, Taiwan and Brunei Darussalam, have made various ways and efforts to fight the COVID-19 pandemic, which can be taken as potential practices and lessons. This literature review aims to investigate best practices that can be learned in emergency response and handling of the COVID-19 pandemic from various global countries that can be taken as learning and common good. This study method is a literature review, by accessing several peer-reviewed literature articles between 2020 and 2021 related to emergency response and lessons learned of the COVID-19 Pandemic. Based on the literature review that has been analysed, practices and lessons learned in overcoming the COVID-19 pandemic can be identified, including: extensive public health infrastructure, establishment of temporary hospitals, effective isolation methods, increased social distancing, surveillance systems with digital technology, community involvement, and lock-down as a last alternative to inhibit the spread, as well as a crisis management approach from an Islamic perspective. It can be concluded that emergency response in decision making and policy is a very influential factor in the success of controlling the COVID-19 pandemic.
COVID-19: 12 Tips for Crisis Management
Health in Emergencies & Disasters Quarterly, 2022
Biological events can rapidly spread throughout the world. The COVID-19 pandemic once again affirmed that the emergence of infectious agents could occur anytime and anywhere worldwide due to international travels and commercial relationships [1]. The pandemic of COVID-19 showed that despite the advances in medical sciences, the outbreak of unknown diseases is probable at any time [2]. Although the COVID-19 pandemic is a global health emergency, it cannot be resolved simply by medical and preventive measures. In other words, this crisis cannot be overcome without considering and applying the principles of disaster risk reduction and management (DRRM). This issue might be one of the reasons for the confusion and mismanagement that people witness everywhere. DRRM principles include disaster risk reduction (DRR) and disaster risk management (DRM). DDR reduces the damage caused by natural disasters, and DRM performs management activities to correct and mitigate disaster risk during a sys...
Covid-19 Second Wave: Challenges for Education and Disaster Management
COVID-19 SECOND WAVE: CHALLENGES FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, 2020
Coronavirus disease (Covid-19) is an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Spreading rate of mutated corona virus (delta variant) during second wave was very fast. Most of the people infected with the COVID-19 virus experienced mild to moderate to severe respiratory illness. Although patients in the second wave were younger but the duration of hospitalization and case fatality rate were lower than those in the first wave. During first wave of Covid-19 it was observed that persons above 55 years of age and those with underlying medical problems like cardiovascular disease, diabetes, chronic respiratory disease and cancer were more susceptible to develop serious illness but in second it was observed that person between 30 to 55 years along with old age and younger people suffering from hypertension, diabetes and respiratory diseases were more susceptible to this covid-19 virus. The most frequent signs and symptoms in both waves were fever, dyspnea, pneumonia, and cough, and the most relevant comorbidities were cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and chronic neurological diseases. Every country has lost its human resources due to covid-19 virus which not only disturb the social life but economic conditions are also very badly affected. Now we use the resources so rapidly that may create economic imbalance in future. The psychological effects is an essential component of disaster management of infectious pandemics.
NATURAL DISASTERS, CLIMATE CHANGES AND PANDEMIC DISEASES; 21 CENTURY CHALLENGES
There is no denying the fact that the traditional role of the armed forces of safeguarding the sovereignty and territorial integrity of respective nation state has been seriously challenged in the 21st century. The emergence of a number of non-state actors, such as terrorist networks, drug trafficking, maritime piracy networks etc, and intra-state conflicts like civil unrest, insurgency, civil wars etc have assumed appropriate importance as new-age threats. Apart from transnational and non-state actors, the impact of population growth, demographic shift and migration, urbanization, poverty, inequality, food crisis, financial and economic crisis, water and energy security, natural disasters, climate changes and pandemic diseases have emerged as critical threats to today’s nation-states. All these have direct impact on the role and functioning of military as well.
COVID-19 pandemic and disaster preparedness in the context of public health laws and policies
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science
Background: The Integrated Disease Surveillance Project (IDSP), 2004 addresses disaster preparedness, disease surveillance, disease data to respond to epidemics. The 12th Five Year Plan envisages disease surveillance for district-level laboratories and epidemic-centric diagnostic centers in consultation with the National Informatics Centers (NIC) and Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO). Objectives: These health policies need a critical appraisal in the COVID-19 pandemic and disaster preparedness in India’s system. The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoH&FW) and Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) pandemic cum disaster mitigation strategy analysed from risk mitigation to public health emergency in disaster management. The three-tier network labs and diagnostic centers, disease surveillance and disaster preparedness examined critically in the context of Disaster Management Act (DMA), 2005. Methodology: The methodology of the study derives from European disaster mana...