Socio-Economic Analysis of Renewable Energy Based on Community at Small Isolated Island in Indonesia (original) (raw)
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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2019
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EnviroScienteae, 2018
The potential of renewable energy in the province of North Sumatra has not given confidence to the provincial government to establish Energy Independent Village (EIV). This paper aims to describe the utilization of renewable energy in the village Buluh Awar who have had success using a water-based renewable energy as a source of electrical energy for 25 (twenty-five) years. The approach in this study is qualitative and uses data collection techniques such as observation and interview. The study was conducted in May 2016 and took place in the Buluh Awar village, Sibolangit sub-district, Deli Serdang District. The village was chosen because it has been using the power source coming from renewables for 25 (twenty-five) years, but has not been designated as EIV. The informants were: the user community; plant manager; headman; Department of Mines and Energy (Distamben) North Sumatra Province; and, Distamben Deli Serdang. Analysis of the factors that play a role in the utilization of renewable energy shows that the North Sumatra Province has the ability to form the EIV. Based on the analysis of the factors that play a role in the utilization of renewable energy, it can be concluded that the village Buluh Awar has the ability to set as DME, if followed by the intervention of the local government by providing technical assistance to improve generating capacity so that it can generate more electric power so that society can do creative activity that can push economic growth at Buluh Awar village.
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science
Electricity has an important role to improve economy in a region. However, currently, part of the people Indonesia still have lack access electricity, especially those in the backward, outer, and advance areas (called 3T in Indonesia mean tertinggal, terluar, dan terdepan), that one of which is in uninhabited islands. Increasing the target of the electrification ratio in the regions, Government of Indonesia has responsibility to power that area. One of ways is to work with private parties to build renewable energy power plant by utilizing the potential of local natural resources. The development of power plant in Siberut Island, West Sumatera utilizes bamboo resources in the local area. This development will be done by private parties in three villages namely Madobag, Matotoan Village in South Siberut District, and Saliguma Village in Central Siberut District. This research uses mixed method, qualitative method using descriptive approach, while quantitative method using Cost Benefit Analysis approach. The cumulative Net Cash Flow generated from the bamboo Biomass Power Plant project is Rp 144,287,730,000 in the 30 th year with a payback period of the 16th year. The IRR of the project, if not using grant, is 4.7%.
IJERT-Assessment of Biomass Potential of a Rural Village for Power Generation
International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology (IJERT), 2014
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Design of a Sustainable Energy System for an Eco- Village: A Case Study of Bulindo Village
Journal of Medical Case Reports
To plan and design Bulindo eco village to accommodate 10,000 residents with the main emphasis on the sustainable energy system that meets the energy demand under available constraints i.e. maximum annual capacity shortage, allowable emissions, operating reserve and the minimum renewable energy fraction Study Design: The planning and design was accomplished by ascertaining the current state of Bulindo village as well as determining the energy requirements of this village and the available resource potential in the area. Using the above data as input to computer simulation model using HOMER software an energy system configuration that meets the energy demand for this village Methodology: After gathering the relevant information for the study i.e. energy demand of the village using a field survey and the primary energy resource potential at Bulindo got from a climate file for Wakiso district provided by Meteonorm software, HOMER was used to model, simulate and optimize the energy system that meets the energy requirements of the village under available constraints. HOMER also assisted in determining both the technical and economic feasibility of the designed system. Results: From computer modeling and simulation, it was found that Bulindo has an overall electrical energy demand of 49 MWh/day. The demand is maximum from 18:00-22:00hrs with a peak of 4.6 MW. The fresh water supply system for the village which was modeled as a deferrable load had an energy demand of 680 kWh/day. The demand is highest during the dry season i.e. from January to March and from June to September with a peak demand of 170 kW. The designed energy system consisted of a PV array, a wind generator, the grid, battery bank, a converter and a biomass generator which acts as backup. This system can meet up to 95% of the annual energy demand while the remaining 5% will be supplied by the national grid. The unit cost of the electricity is 0.028andtheprojectlifeis50years.Conclusion:ThesustainableenergysystemforBulindoecovillagetobemovedinby2025hasbeendesigned.Thedesignedsystemisbelievedtoofferabetterperformanceduetoitssustainabilityaswellasitsabilitytomeetalltheenergyrequirementsofthevillagei.e.bothenergyandfreshwaterdemand.SimulationresultsdemonstratethatusinggreenenergysourcessuchassolarPVandwindgeneratorswillreducetheoperatingcosts,greenhousegasemissionsandparticulatematter.Inaddition,thesystemalsosuppliesfreshwaterforresidential,commercialandindustrialusage.Theamountofenergyproducedbythesystemis63,658,616kWh/yearataunitcostof0.028 and the project life is 50 years. Conclusion: The sustainable energy system for Bulindo eco village to be moved in by 2025 has been designed. The designed system is believed to offer a better performance due to its sustainability as well as its ability to meet all the energy requirements of the village i.e. both energy and fresh water demand. Simulation results demonstrate that using green energy sources such as solar PV and wind generators will reduce the operating costs, greenhouse gas emissions and particulate matter. In addition, the system also supplies fresh water for residential, commercial and industrial usage. The amount of energy produced by the system is 63,658,616 kWh/year at a unit cost of 0.028andtheprojectlifeis50years.Conclusion:ThesustainableenergysystemforBulindoecovillagetobemovedinby2025hasbeendesigned.Thedesignedsystemisbelievedtoofferabetterperformanceduetoitssustainabilityaswellasitsabilitytomeetalltheenergyrequirementsofthevillagei.e.bothenergyandfreshwaterdemand.SimulationresultsdemonstratethatusinggreenenergysourcessuchassolarPVandwindgeneratorswillreducetheoperatingcosts,greenhousegasemissionsandparticulatematter.Inaddition,thesystemalsosuppliesfreshwaterforresidential,commercialandindustrialusage.Theamountofenergyproducedbythesystemis63,658,616kWh/yearataunitcostof0.028 /kWh. 76% of the generated energy is consumed by the system i.e. AC primary load and the deferrable load while the surplus (24%) is sold to the national grid which earns crucial revenue to the village for better management of the system hence guaranteeing sustainability. However, the challenge will be getting the human resource to maintain and manage this system.
2017
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Indonesia is very rich in new and renewable energy potential. Indonesia's population growth continues to increase and in line with technological advances that are developing very rapidly, causing the need for energy to increase. Problems related to resources and energy are still problems that have not found the right solution to overcome them. Society's dependence on fossil energy sources seems to make it difficult for new ideas and innovations for clean and affordable energy to enter people's lives. The purpose of this article is to find out the potential for new energy sources and renewable energy in accordance with the goals of the 2030 SDGs. The method used is a systematic literature review, by searching journal articles on renewable energy and successful case studies using Google search and Artificial Intelligence (AI) application review, while the data analysis technique is in the form of data reduction, data presentation to draw conclusions. The results of the study show that many cases show that if new renewable energy is well developed in Indonesia, this potential will become a very tangible benefit for people's lives. These potentials include the potential for solar power, biomass, and micro-hydro.
Indonesian Journal of Energy Vol.1, 2017
Remote rural villages in Indonesia do not have sufficient infrastructure to maintain an economically sound energy generation and distribution. Sparse area and low population hinder national electricity company PLN (Perusahaan Listrik Negara) to connect these remote rural villages to the national grid. Many of the villages lies in the palm oil plantation, where renewable biomass resources from the Palm Oil Mill wastes are plentiful. Untapped biomass resources could be the answer to energy security issue in remote rural area. Berau Regency in East Kalimantan Province has many villages located in the palm oil plantation area. Nearly all of the palm oil processing plants in Berau use palm shell and fibre to power the mill. Some of them have the agreement with PLN to sell their excess power. This scheme can be applied to provide electricity to villages around the palm oil mills. However, it is unreliable since the amount of excess electricity produced keeps fluctuating. This paper explores the idea of village-owned biomass/biogas power plant that is owned and operated by the villagers themselves. That way, the village can ensure its own energy security using sustainable local resources. In conclusion, the investment cost of biomass/biogas power plant cannot be provided by village annual budget. Although the villages in Berau Regency have a relatively high annual budget about two to five billion rupiahs, the investment costs of biomass/biogas power plant is even higher. According to the economic analysis of biomass/biogas power plant development, a biomass power plant with 1,7 MW capacity can cost up to 46 billion rupiahs Moreover, a biogas power plant with 1 MW capacity costs around 41 billion rupiahs. It is not possible for the villages to finance the power plant development by themselves. Therefore, the private sector is needed to implement biomass/biogas utilization for rural electrification from palm oil waste. With the Net Present Value (NPV) up to Rp.65.078.072.000 and Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 20% for biomass power plant and Rp.14.330.070.000 and 10% for biogas power plant, it is economically feasible and profitable for private enterprise to undertake. The challenges are for the government to encourage the private sector to invest and for PLN to sign Power Purchase Agreement with these palm oil enterprises rather than just Excess Power Agreement.