Profiles and Characteristics of Patients with Mild to Moderate COVID -19 Disease Phenotypes in a Teaching Hospital in Kano, Northern Nigeria (original) (raw)
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PLOS ONE
BackgroundCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has emerged as an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide.The aim of this study is to identify the clinical predictors of mortality among patients with COVID-19 pneumonia during first and second waves in a treatment center in northwestern Nigeria.MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study of 195 patients hospitalized with COVID-19 between April 2020 to March 2021 at a designated COVID-19 isolation center in Kano State, Northwest Nigeria. Data were summarized using frequencies and percentages. Unadjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals and p-values were obtained. To determine independent determinants of mortality, we performed a stepwise multivariate logistic regression model.ResultsOf 195 patients studied, 21(10.77%) patients died. Males comprised 158 (81.03%) of the study population. In the adjusted stepwise logistic regression analysis, age>64 years (OR = 9.476, 95% CI: 2.181–41.165), second wave of the pande...
International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2021
Introduction: Lagos state remains the epicentre of COVID-19 in Nigeria. We describe the symptoms and signs of the first 2,184 PCR-confirmed COVID-19 patients admitted at COVID-19 treatment centers in Lagos State. We also assessed the relationship between patients' presenting symptoms, sociodemographic and clinical characteristics and COVID-19 deaths. Methods: Medical records of PCR-confirmed COVID-19 patients were extracted and analyzed for their symptoms, symptom severity, presence of comorbidities and outcome. Results: The ages of the patients ranged from 4 days to 98 years with a mean of 43.0(16.0) years. Of the patients who presented with symptoms, cough (19.3%) was the most common presenting symptom. This was followed by fever (13.7%) and difficulty in breathing, (10.9%). The most significant clinical predictor of death was the severity of symptoms and signs at presentation. Difficulty in breathing was the most significant symptom predictor of COVID-19 death (OR:19.26 95% CI 10.95-33.88). The case fatality rate was 4.3%. Conclusion: Primary care physicians and COVID-19 frontline workers should maintain a high index of suspicion and prioritize the care of patients presenting with these symptoms. Community members should be educated on such predictors and ensure that patients with these symptoms seek care early to reduce the risk of deaths associated with COVID-19.
Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 in a tertiary health facility in northeast Nigeria
Nigerian Journal of Medicine, 2021
Aim: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by a newly identified β-coronavirus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2), has a varied clinical manifestation. We evaluated the clinical features of COVID-19 in symptomatic patients that presented for care at a Federal Medical Centre Nguru, Northeast Nigeria. Methodology: In this retrospective cohort study, we reviewed and analyzed relevant information abstracted from the medical records of symptomatic COVID-19 patients that were managed from March 14 to October 14, 2020, in the facility. Results: Clinical records of 55 symptomatic COVID-19 patients were evaluated in this study. Their mean age was 49.1 ± 16.3 (females 51.4 ± 15.6, males 48.5 ± 17.2, P = 0.601) with females constituting 47.2% of the studied patients. Fever (87.3%), cough (67.3%), sore throat (49.1%) and rhinorrhea (41.8%) were the most common clinical feature. Other features included difficulty in breathing (25.5%) and ageusia (14.6%). Gastrointestinal...
Epidemiology of COVID-19 and Predictors of Outcome in Nigeria: A Single-Center Study
The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 2020
There is a paucity of information regarding the epidemiology and outcome of COVID-19 from low/middleincome countries, including from Nigeria. This single-center study described the clinical features, laboratory findings, and predictors of in-hospital mortality of COVID-19 patients. Patients admitted between April 10, 2020 and June 10, 2020 were included. Forty-five patients with a mean age of 43 (16) years, predominantly male (87%), presented with fever (38%), cough (29%), or dyspnea (24%). In-hospital mortality was 16%. The independent predictors of mortality were hypoxemia (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 2.5; 95% CI: 1.3-5.1) and creatinine > 1.5 mg/dL (aOR: 4.3; 95% CI: 1.9-9.8).
Correlation between COVID-19 Patients' Characteristics and Mortality with the Disease in the Gambia
International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology , 2021
Background. A new coronavirus strain known as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for the global pandemic that began in 2019 and continues to plague the planet. The disease's epidemiological features in Africa are different from those in other continents. The aim of this study is to establish the relationship that exists between COVID-19 patients' demographics, symptoms, comorbidities and the risk of COVID-19-related mortality in the Gambia between April 4, 2020 and March 31, 2021. Design. The researchers studied 3547 confirmed positive COVID-19 anonymized cases derived from the DHIS2 database in a retrospective cohort analysis. The factors analyzed include the demographics of the cases, their signs and symptoms, and their comorbidities. The main outcome of interest was death with COVID-19. Results. For the time period under consideration, 3547 anonymized positive COVID-19 events were analyzed. The fatality rate was 0.56%, with a median age of 60.5 (50-71) for those who died with COVID-19 and the pvalue < 0.001. Males are more likely to develop the disease and die from it (63.1% and 85%, respectively). Except for age and sex (both p < 0.05), all factors studied were considered to be statistically insignificantly correlated with the outcome. Cough (11.1%), fever (9.4%), and shortness of breath (4.3%) were the most common signs and symptoms identified by the cases. 4.62 % and 18.1 % of all confirmed positive COVID-19 cases, respectively, had one of the comorbidities and reported one of the COVID-19 signs and symptoms in TABLE 1. There was no statistically significant association between the signs and symptoms or the comorbidities and the outcome. CVD (2.7%), diabetes (1.5%), and ARDS (0.8%) and CLD (0.4%) were the most often identified comorbidities among the cases. Symptoms and comorbidities were reported more often by survivors than those who died with COVID-19. Age, shortness of breath, and diabetes all increase the risk of death with COVID-19, as per the multivariate logistic regression. In this analysis, however, only age was a significant predictor of mortality with COVID-19. Interpretation. The findings of our analysis are consistent with those of the Lusaka cohort, which reported that advanced age increased mortality with COVID-19, and that the most common comorbidities were CVD (hypertension) and diabetes, with a higher proportion of male COVID-19 cases. To better understand the characteristics of COVID-19 hospitalized cases in relation to death with COVID-19, length of hospitalization, and treatment, further exploratory data analysis is needed.
Mode of Presentation and Outcomes of COVID-19 Cases in a Tertiary Hospital in Nigeria
2021
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread across the globe with its consequent human and economic challenges. To achieve effective control of the pandemic, efforts need to be holistic and global. Understanding patients’ demographics and clinical characteristics will assist in the control of the infection. However, there is a paucity of studies on the clinical presentation of COVID-19 patients from Nigeria and indeed Africa. Thus, this retrospective case series evaluated the medical records of COVID-19 patients admitted in a tertiary hospital in Nigeria. Patients’ demographics, and other clinical variables were assessed and presented. Data of 14 patients with complete records were included in the study. Most of the patients (78.6%) were males and the mean age of the study participants is 63.5 years (SD; 11.5). The commonest presenting symptoms were fever (93%), cough (71.4%), and dyspnoea (57.1%). At presentation, 13 patients had coexisting diseases while 8 (57.0%) patients had ...
Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research
Background: Studies have suggested that patients’ medical data could be correlated with the disease outcome in individuals with COVID-19. There is however, paucity of data on the impact of many of these factors especially in rural and semi-urban environment in Nigeria. Objective: This study seeks to establish the dynamics of patients tested for COVID-19 in a private tertiary facility located in a semi-urban area in Nigeria, with special focus on their symptoms, comorbidities, and demography. Methods: The study was a retrospective study carried out using data generated by the Babcock Molecular and Tissue Culture Laboratory of Babcock University Teaching Hospital Ilisan-Remo, Ogun state between October 17, 2020 and July 20, 2021. Statistical analysis was carried out using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 21.0. Result: Two thousand five hundred anonymized data were captured in the study. Under the period of review, only 9.5% of the entire tested population were posit...
2020
Objective Despite the increasing disease burden, there is a dearth of context-specific evidence on the risk factors for COVID-19 positivity and subsequent death in Nigeria. Thus, the study objective was to identify context-specific factors associated with testing positive for COVID-19 and fatality in Nigeria. Design Retrospective cohort study. Setting COVID-19 surveillance and laboratory centres in 36 states and the Federal Capital Territory reporting data to the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control. Participants Individuals who were investigated for SARS-CoV-2 using real-time PCR testing during the study period 27 February–8 June 2020. Methods COVID-19 positivity and subsequent mortality. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors independently associated with both outcome variables, and findings are presented as adjusted ORs (aORs) and 95% CIs. Results A total of 36 496 patients were tested for COVID-19, with 10 517 confirmed cases. Of 3215 confirm...