Blood pressure in young individuals as a cardiovascular risk marker. The Rio de Janeiro study (original) (raw)
Related papers
Pressão Arterial em jovens como marcador de risco cardiovascular. Estudo do Rio de Janeiro
Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, 2009
Background: The study of the cardiovascular risk variables in young populations is fundamental to establish primary prevention strategies. Objective: To evaluate the blood pressure (BP), anthropometric and metabolic profile in young individuals from The Rio de Janeiro Study, followed by 17 years. Methods: A total of 115 individuals (64 males) were evaluated at three different moments (follow-up: 212.23±16.0 months): A1 (12.97±1.48 years), A2 (21.90±1.71 years) and A3 (30.65±2.00 years) and divided in two groups: NG (n=84) with at least two normal BP measurements at the three assessments; HG (n=31) with at least two abnormal BP measurements at the three assessments. BP and body mass index (BMI) were obtained at the three assessments. Levels of glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol and fractions were obtained at A2 and A3. Abdominal circumference (AC) was obtained only at A3. Results: 1) The means of BP, BMI and AC (p<0.0001) as well as the prevalence of systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) and overweight/obesity (O/O) (p<0.003) were higher in the HG at the three assessments; 2) The means of LDL-c and glycemia (p<0.05) at A2 and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) at A3 were higher in the HG; 3) the association SAH+O/O was more prevalent in the HG, whereas the association NBP+NBMI was more prevalent in the NG (p<0.0001) at the three assessments; 4) SAH at A1 (RR=5.20 = 5.20; p<0.0007), male gender (RR=5.26 = 5.26; p<0.0019) and OO at A1 (RR=3.40 = 3.40; p<0.0278) determined an increased risk for AH at the young adult life (A3). Conclusion: After 17 years of follow-up, the BP of young individuals showed a significant association with the cardiovascular risk variables and the occurrence of MS at the young adult life.
Blood pressure and BMI in adolescents in Aracaju, Brazil
Public Health Nutrition, 2011
Objective: To assess the prevalence of high blood pressure (BP) and the association of overweight and obesity with high BP among adolescents in Aracaju, Brazil. Design: Cross-sectional study. The main outcome measure was the proportion of adolescents with high BP (sex-, age-and height-specific $95th percentile). The main predictor variables were overweight and obesity defined according to the criteria of the International Obesity Task Force. Other covariates included age, socio-economic status and leisure-time physical activity. Setting: Aracaju, Brazil, capital city of Sergipe State, north-eastern Brazil. Subjects: A random sample of 1002 adolescents (442 boys and 560 girls) aged 12-17 years selected from twenty public schools and ten private schools were studied. Results: The prevalence of high BP was 16?9 % (95 % CI 13?1, 21?7) in boys and 12?9 % (95 % CI 9?0, 18?0) in girls. After adjusting for age, socio-economic status and leisure-time physical activity in both boys and girls, overweight (prevalence ratio (PR) 5 1?93, 95 % CI 1?08, 3?48; PR 5 4?34, 95 % CI 2?58, 7?30, respectively) and obesity (PR 5 4?87, 95 % CI 2?35, 10?11; PR 5 5?18, 95 % CI 2?67, 10?06, respectively) were found to be associated with high BP. Conclusions: These findings indicate a high prevalence of high BP in both boys and girls in Aracaju, Brazil. Overweight and obesity were strongly associated with high BP. These findings underscore the urgent need for public health measures to prevent increasing high BP in adolescents in Brazil. Targeting intervention in adolescence may be a critical method for preventing high BP in later life.
Excesso de peso e o risco cardiovascular em jovens seguidos por 17 anos: estudo do Rio de Janeiro
Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, 2010
Background: The adoption of primary prevention measures among young people has a favorable impact on the context of cardiovascular diseases. Objectives: To assess blood pressure (BP) and cardiovascular risk variables among young adults stratified according to the body mass index (BMI) behavior obtained along 17 years, since childhood/adolescence (C/A). Methods: Three assessments were carried out in 115 individuals pertaining to the study cohort of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. A1: 12.97 ± 1.48 years old; A2: 21.90 ± 1.71 years old; A3: 30.65 ± 2.00 years olds and divided into three groups according to BMI in the three assessments: Group N (always normal BMI; n=46), Group L (varying BMI; n=49) and Group O/O (always increased BMI; n=20). In A1, A2 and A3, BP and BMI were obtained. In A2 and A3, glucose (G) and lipidic profile were dosed. Also in A2, insulin (INS) was dosed and HOMA-IR was calculated. In A3, the measurement of waist circumference (WC), abdomen/hip relation (AHR) and body fat percentage (%BF) were added. Results: 1) Group O/O presented higher mean values of increased BP (p<0.0001) at the three assessments; 2) In A3, Group O/O showed higher mean values for WC, AHR and %BF and prevalence of increased WC and metabolic syndrome (MS) (p<0.0001); 3) higher mean values were observed for INS, HOMA-IR, LDL-c in A2, and G, cholesterol, LDL-c and triglycerides in A3 for Group O/O (p<0.05); 4) masculine sex and O/O at A1 determined higher risk for MS occurrence in adult age. Conclusion: The presence of O/O since C/A was associated with higher BP values, anthropometric indexes and higher prevalence of MS in the young adult phase.
Cadernos de Saúde Pública, 2010
The aim of this study was to evaluate concurrent risk factors for high blood pressure in adolescents. This is a prospective cohort study including 4,452 adolescents born in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, in 1993. Blood pressure was measured before and after the interview, and the mean value was used in the analyses. Mean systolic blood pressure was 101.9mmHg (SD = 12.3) and mean diastolic pressure was 63.4mmHg (SD = 9.9). Adolescents with black skin had higher blood pressure than those with white skin. Mean systolic pressure among subjects in the top quartile of body mass index (BMI) was 11.6mmHg higher than among those in the lowest quartile. Mean systolic pressure among postmenarcheal girls was 5.4mmHg higher than among premenarcheal girls. Similar trends were found for diastolic arterial pressure. Our findings suggest that blood pressure control must begin already in childhood and adolescence.
Obesidade e hipertensão arterial em escolares de Santa Cruz do Sul – RS, Brasil
Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira (English Edition), 2012
To verify the prevalence of obesity and hypertension in schoolchildren from Santa Cruz do Sul -RS, Brazil, in 2005 and. Method: The study was performed with two consecutive cross-sectional measurements, consisting of a stratified cluster sample, totaling 414 students, aged between 7 and 17 years, of which 215 (51.9%) were males and 199 (48.1%) were females. Obesity was assessed by body mass index (BMI) and percentage of body fat (%BF). Hypertension was measured by blood pressure values , both systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP). Results: BMI assessment showed 18.6% and 22.3% of excess weight in males and 22.6% and 14.6% in females (in 2005 and 2008, respectively). Regarding obesity, the prevalence was 4.7% in both years for males and a reduction from 12.6% to 9.0% was observed in females. When analyzing the difference between assessments, there was significance in the BMI classification (p = 0.022) and %BF (p = 0.017) only in females. Statistically significant changes in SBP were found only in males (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The levels of excess weight, obesity, and %BF in females, as well as the increased levels of systolic blood pressure in males, demonstrate the need for early intervention through more effective public health campaigns.
Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, 2005
To determine the prevalence of systemic arterial hypertension (SAH), "risk of overweight," overweight, sedentary lifestyle, and smoking in children and adolescents from 7 to 17 years of age, of both sexes, in public and private schools in the city of Maceió, in the state of Alagoas. Methods A cross-sectional epidemiological study with sampling from a population pool was carried out. It comprised elementary and middle schools, randomly selected. The sample was calculated based on the expected lower prevalence of the variables studied. The assessment protocol comprised a structured questionnaire, anthropometry, and blood pressure measurements. The chi-square test was used to analyze the association among variables. Results In 2001, 1,253 students (547 of the male sex; mean age, 12.4±2.9 years) were assessed. The results were as follows: 1.172 students participated in no moderate to intense physical activity; "risk of overweight" and overweight were present in 116 and 56 individuals, respectively; blood pressure in the ≥ 95th percentile was identified in 97 students; and only 30 students admitted smoking regularly. The following significant associations were observed: "risk of overweight" and overweight in private school students (*P=0.0001) and sedentary lifestyle in the female sex (*P=0.0001). Conclusion The prevalence of a sedentary lifestyle, "risk of overweight," overweight, systemic arterial hypertension, and smoking in the population studied was 93.5%,
Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da U S P, 2020
OBJECTIVE To verify the association among overweight, obesity and high blood pressure in Brazilian students aged between 6 and 10 years old. METHOD Cross-sectional study carried out in the city of Macaé, RJ, in which body mass, height and blood pressure were collected. The body mass index was calculated using the Anthro Plus software and classified according to SISVAN. High systolic/diastolic blood pressure when ≥ 90th percentile by age, gender and height/age percentile (7th Brazilian Guideline on Hypertension). Logistic regression with a 95% confidence interval, using SPSS software were done. RESULTS A total of 911 children were evaluated and, after stratification by nutritional status, the underweight were excluded. Among the remaining 888 children, the prevalence of overweight was 17.7% and obesity 16.2%. The prevalence of high blood pressure was 34%, with no statistical difference between gender (p=0.57). Overweight was significantly associated with high blood pressure in the 8-...
Prevalência de pressão arterial elevada em escolares e adolescentes de Maceió
Jornal de Pediatria, 2004
Objectives: To define the prevalence of high blood pressure in a representative sample of children and adolescents from the city of Maceió, state of Alagoas, Brazil, and to investigate the association of high blood pressure with age, sex and nutritional status. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out from May 2000 to September 2002. Individuals between 7 and 17 years of age were selected among all the 185,702 students from public and private schools. The size of the sample was defined based on the expected prevalence of hypertension for the age group. After randomization, data were collected through a questionnaire. Blood pressure was measured twice. Weight and height were also measured. High blood pressure was defined as systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure over the 95 th percentile in one or in both measures. Results: The final sample included 1,253 students (706 females). One hundred and eighteen students had high blood pressure (mean age 13 years; 44% males). Risk of being overweight and excess weight were identified, respectively, in 9.3 and 4.5% of the students. These variables were significantly associated with high blood pressure. Conclusions: The prevalence of high blood pressure was 9.4%. High blood pressure was significantly more frequent among overweight students and among those at risk for being overweight.
Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia, 2013
OBJECTIVE: To review the literature on studies that estimated the prevalence of high blood pressure (HBP) or systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) in Brazilian adolescents, considering the employed methodological procedures. METHODS: Bibliographical research of prevalence studies of HBP/SAH in adolescents from 1995 to 2010. The search was conducted in the electronic databases PubMed/Medline, Lilacs, SciELO, and Isi Adolec. The descriptors "hypertension", "BP", "teen", "students", "cross-sectional", "prevalence" and "Brazil" were used in Portuguese and English. Furthermore, a score ranging from 0 to 18 based on Recommendations for Blood Pressure Measurement in Humans and Experimental Animals and the VI Brazilian Guidelines of Hypertension was elaborated, in order to analyze the procedures used to measure BP in studies. RESULTS: Twenty-one articles were identified, mostly published in the last 10 years, and 90.5% wer...