Health Education Program on Prevention of Needle Stick Injuries among Health Care Workers (original) (raw)
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Background: Needle stick injuries (NSIs) are the percutaneous injuries that are caused by needles, such as hypodermic needles, blood collection needles, intravenous stylets, and needles used to connect parts of intravenous delivery systems. This study aimed to improving safety of health care workers (HCWs) and hence improving their performance. Methods: This an interventional study was conducted on 104 personell of primary health care centers (PHCs) including health care workers (physicians, nurses, technicians) of both sexes, who were working in the PHC centers at Fakous district, Sharqia Governorate during from January 2020 to January 2021. Results: There was high statistically significant association between history of needle stick injury and history of HBV vaccination as positive history of HBV vaccination (Three doses) was associated with positive history of needle stick injury. There was high statistically significant improvement in knowledge of the study participants about standard precautions of infection control after intervention except for waste disposal. Before intervention, the highest proportion of adequate knowledge was about waste disposal (93.3%) while the lowest proportion of adequate knowledge was about sterile instruments and devices (15.4%). Conclusion: The effect of health education was remarkable in improving the development of knowledge and increasing awareness of health care providers about infection control guidelines.
Patient Safety in Surgery, 2016
Background: Needle stick injuries (NSIs) have the potential of causing Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C, which is constantly adding to the burden of chronic liver disease in our country. It poses a risk to Health Care Workers (HCWs) and the patients they deal with. In order to limit the spread of these viruses, it is imperative that these HCWs be fully equipped with knowledge regarding prevention of NSIs and dealing with one, regardless of their designation. We therefore aimed to assess and compare the level of awareness about precautions for needle stick injuries amongst all those greatest at risk. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study carried out at Liaquat National Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan. A 23 itemed self-administered questionnaire was given to hospital staff including doctors, lab technicians and nurses via convenience sampling, in various departments. Data was analyzed via SPSS 18 software and a p-value of <0.05 was considered significant. Results: A total of 198 responses were taken for this study, out of which 70 (35.4 %) were doctors, 70 (35.4 %) nursing staff and 58 (29.3 %) laboratory technicians. Of all HCWs, 101 (51 %) knew that the standard method of discarding needles is without recapping. 159 (80.3 %) were still recapping needles. 180 (90.9 %) HCWs were vaccinated against Hepatitis B. 36 (18.2 %) were aware that blood should be allowed to flow after an NSI and site of prick should be washed with an antiseptic. Conclusion: The awareness was found to be very low amongst all HCWs. It should therefore be made compulsory for all HCWs to attend proper preparatory classes by the infection control department at the time of employment in order to improve the level of awareness and ensure safe practices.
Introduction: Percutaneous injuries, caused by needle sticks and other sharps, are a serious concern for all health care workers (HCWs) and pose a significant risk of occupational transmission of blood borne pathogen. Two million injuries are believed to occur each year among HCWs. Methodology: The study group consisted of 249 HCWs of various categories of a tertiary care hospital in Khartoum, Sudan. Data collection was carried out using a standardized questionnaire. To measure knowledge, attitude and practices on needle stick injuries. Results:70% of respondents were females and around 47% of participants were nurses Half of participants attended a biosafety course, and around 90% of them followed what they was trained on in all or most of times. Most of respondents graded their knowledge about as good and the main source of knowledge was the university curriculum. In our study 46% had NSI with a mean of 6.1 injuries/year of 6.14 most of them were among nurses 40%. Almost thirty percent didn't hear about the term post exposure prophylaxis more than 90% knew that HIV, HBV, and HIV can be transmitted through NSI. More than 83% of respondents were worried about NSI. Regarding the most recent NSI, Most of injuries occurred in the ward followed by emergency room, lab, and theatre. In half of cases the culprit was the victim himself during usage of syringe. The most common procedure associated with NSI was blood sampling. The frequent action was to wash the injury site using antiseptic solution. Almost two thirds of respondents who had NSI didn't report it. Around 4.3% had NSI of HIV patient yet, the majority of them did not receive any medication. Out the 7 participants who had a NSI from a HBV positive patient, 5 were fully vaccinated all of which didn't check their vaccination status. Moreover, none of the 5 participants received PEP. Conclusion and recommendation: prevalence of NSI was relatively low but there were many deficient area such as checking immune status of HBV, knowledge about importance and methods of PEP, role of wearing gloves during handling needles, and procedure of reporting injuries. HCW =health care worker NSI = needle stick injuries PEP= post exposure prophylaxis
Asian journal of management research, 2014
One of the possibilities for Nosocomial infection is commonly through Needle stick injury in many of the hospitals. The purpose of this study was to determine the awareness of needle sticks injury among paramedical and housekeeping staff. Objective of the study is to analyze the awareness level among the various categories of the staff based on designation, department, and unit wise with regard to needle stick injury (NSI) and to suggest measures for controlling infections caused due to needle stick injury. Sample size of 185 was chosen from different departments using stratified simple random technique. This study was done using primary data which was collected by preparing a questionnaire. The analysis was done using percentage analysis as the tool. It was found that 73% of the staff was aware, 24% were unaware and 3% did not answer to the questions regarding NSI. About 25% and 37% of ward boys, male nurse assistants and housekeeping staffs were unaware regarding NSI. Disposal procedures for needles were unknown to 7 staff nurse.48 staff nurse and 19 laboratory staff were unaware regarding the reporting of NSI. Findings of the study shows that the level of awareness among the staff is inadequate, therefore training programs were suggested for the staffs. The awareness among the other staff that may get injured, were covered under this study. The preventive and also suggestions to prevent NSI were explained clearly.
The Egyptian Journal of Community Medicine
Background: Biological occupational hazards in the form of needle stick injuries can occur anywhere within the health care organization. Worldwide, the number of health care workers annually exposed to sharp injuries contaminated with HBV, HCV or HIV is estimated at 2.1 million, 926,000 and 327,000 respectively. Objective: To measure the knowledge and attitude of a group of health care workers regarding methods for prevention of needle stick injuries and to identify their response in case of needle stick injury. Methods: A crosssectional study included 98 physicians and 224 nurses. They filled a questionnaire including past history of occupational inquiries, knowledge on some aspects of infection control, their attitude towards occupational safety activities at their workplace and their knowledge of the actions they should do in case of needle stick injury. Results: Most of the participants were females and nurses, (42%) had history of needle stick injury. Unfortunately, most of participants had insufficient knowledge about some aspects of infection control and negative attitude towards hospital activities for occupational safety. Moreover, their knowledge on actions to be done in case of needle stick injury was inadequate. Pre-employment training, work duration and working in non-surgical departments had an impact on their knowledge. Conclusion: More programs have to be directed towards raising knowledge on occupational safety and their right to know about both types of hazards and actions to be done in case of exposure is of great importance
National Journal of Community Medicine, 2010
Health care professionals are exposed to variety of dangers like infections, cuts and needle stick injuries, exposure to anesthetic gases, radiations, dermatitis causing substances, vaccines, serums etc. This study focuses on issues related to some of these risks and possible ways and means on how to overcome these risks. Objective: To assess the knowledge, attitude and practices among health care workers about needle stick injury. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in a teaching hospital in June 2008. Results: Mean age of Health care workers was 33.5 years, majority (50%) in the age group of 20-30 years. 61% HCWs had less than 5 year of work experience. 67% HCWs had received hepatitis B vaccination of which only 17.9% had carried out Anti HBs antibody check up. Knowledge about disease transmitted by NSIs was satisfactory. Though 36% had suffered Needle stick injury (NSIs), only 8.3% reported the incident of NSIs. 81% HCWs know about universal precaution guidelines. Conclusion: There is an urgent need for strengthening skills, developing newer competencies and broadening our knowledge in occupational health and safety and disaster management.
Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC, 2012
BACKGROUND The aim of our study were to assess the knowledge and practice gaps about Needle Stick Injuries (NSIs) and their associated factors among Health Care Workers' (HCWs) at tertiary care hospitals of Pakistan. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in two tertiary care teaching hospitals in Karachi, Pakistan, representing both private and public health sector. During the months of January to May 2008, trained medical graduates interviewed 497 HCWs (Doctors and Nurses) who were working in those particular hospitals for more than a year and were willing to participate in the study. RESULTS Overall the knowledge about transmission of HBV HCV and HIV was good. However, 19.1 and 12.3% HCWs had misconception about the transmission of malaria and tuberculosis by NSIs; more female and working as a nurse. Furthermore, a large number of participants had lack of knowledge for the transmission of infectious mononucleosis. Over two third of study subjects were not vaccinated fo...
Global Journal of Health Science, 2013
Background: Health care workers (HCWs) are at substantial risk of acquiring blood borne infections such as HIV, Hepatitis-B and Hepatitis-C through needle stick injuries (NSIs). This study aimed to assess the proportion of NSIs and their associated factors among HCWs and also to identify the areas in which preventive efforts might be directed to protect against this occupational hazard. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted in two tertiary care hospitals of Pakistan representing both private and public health sector. A total of 497 HCWs (doctors and nurses) were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. Data was collected from January to May 2008. Results: Overall, 64% of the HCWs were exposed to at least one NSI during their career; among them 73% reported NSIs for two or more times. Factors found to be highly associated with NSIs were those practicing this occupation for more than five years (p < 0.001: OR = 5.92; 95% CI = 3.45-10.16) and working as nurse than doctor (p 0.001: OR = 2.12; 95% CI = 1.35-3.32). Having received booster dose of hepatitis B vaccine (p 0.02: OR = 1.85; 95% CI = 1.10-3.11), working in surgical specialty (p < 0.01: OR = 1.6; 95% CI = 1.09-2.51) and being a female (p 0.03: OR = 1.52; 95% CI = 1.04-2.22) were also found to be associated with NSIs. Most commonly reported reason for NSIs was injecting medicine and drawing blood (42%) followed by two-handed recapping of needle (37%). Only, 34% of study subjects were vaccinated against hepatitis B infection. Overall, HCWs had inadequate practices regarding standard precautions such as availability of gloves/protective cloths (40%) and infection control guidelines/protocols (10%) respectively in their working places. Conclusion: In addition to very high rates of NSIs, low safety practices including inadequate vaccination coverage, unavailability of infection control guidelines and other preventive facilities were reported in this study. Prevention of occupational infections among HCWs should be a priority. Formal training, by health authorities in the local area, about safe practices and availability of preventive facilities should be ensured regarding NSIs among HCWs.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practices about Needle Stick Injuries in Healthcare Workers
Objectives: To assess knowledge, attitude and practices about needle stick Injuries in health care workers. Study type, settings and duration: Hospital based study carried out at Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, from August 2010 to November 2010. Subjects and Methods: A self administered 19 items questionnaire was prepared which contained information about needle stick injuries, its awareness, frequency of injury and the protocols that were followed after an injury had occurred. These questionnaires were given to 500 health care workers working in different wards and theaters of the hospital after obtaining their informed written consent. The health care workers included doctors, nurses and paramedical staff of Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad. The data was entered and analyzed using SPSS version 15. Results: A total of 500 health care workers filled the questionnaire and returned it. Out of these 416(83.2%) reported ever experiencing needle stick injuries in their professional life. Health care workers working in Emergency department were most frequently affected (65%) followed by those working in different wards (27%) and operation theatre (8%). Most (93.6%) workers had knowledge about needle stick injuries and only 6.4% were not aware of it. Needle stick injury occurred from a brand new (unused) syringe in 51.2% cases, while in 32.8% cases, the needle caused an injury after it had been used for an injection. In 5% cases, injury occurred with blood stained needles. The commonest reasons for needle injury in stick injuries were heavy work load (36.8%) followed by hasty work (33.6%) and needle recapping (18.6%). About 66% health care workers were already vaccinated against hepatitis B. Only 13% workers followed universal guidelines of needle stick injuries and no case was reported to hospital authorities. Conclusions: Health care workers had inadequate knowledge about the risk associated with needle stick injuries and do not follow standard preventive measures. Policy message: A standard protocol regarding the training and compliance to follow preventive measures should be followed in all health care institutions.
2019
Introduction: Needle stick injuries (NSIs) is the most frequently occurring accidental injuries in the health care settings resulting from the penetration of contaminated syringes or sharps that may expose health care workers (HCWs) to serious life threatening illnesses. NSIs are amongst the most common occupational hazards and potential source of transmission of to more than 20 fatal blood borne infections including Hepatitis B&C and HIV etc. Objectives: To ascertain the awareness of HCWs regarding needle stick injuries in public and private sector hospitals as well as to compare this awareness in both public and private sector healthcare facilities. Material and Methods: The study was a cross sectional survey conducted in public and private sector hospitals in Hyderabad, Pakistan from October 2018 to March 2019. HCWs include; nursing staff, midwives, Operation Theater and Intensive care unit technicians were invited. Data was collected using written questionnaire designed specifically for this study. Questions related to the participant's knowledge of NSIs and its precautionary measures as well as their routine practices during their routine duties were included. Results: Two hundred HCWs participated in this study. Most (53%) of them were from private sector hospital while majority (36%) of them belongs to age group 28 to 37 years. Half of them (53%) were aware of NSIs while almost two third of them knew about the diseases spread by NSIs. Moreover, 53% of them were aware of the precautionary measures of NSIs. Majority (27%) of HCWs from public hospitals believe that during medication, most of NSIs occur in comparison with private hospital participants where majority (23%) thinks that breaking and discarding needles with bare hands most frequently cause NSIs. Majority (53%) of them not use tray to keep syringes while majority (58%) do not use needle cutter for disposing used needles. There was a statistically significant difference p value < 0.05 in awareness level of HCWs in public and private sector hospitals. Conclusion: Prevalence of NSI was high among the nursing staff in both health sectors. Low awareness level was demonstrated among the HCWs of public sector hospital. There was a significant difference in awareness related to knowledge and precautionary measures of NSIs between public and private sector hospitals.