Serotyping of Helicobacter Pylori Antibody Reflected on Human Health (original) (raw)
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International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2009
Objectives: The correlation between seroreactivity to Helicobacter pylori-specific antigens and clinical outcomes in gastrointestinal disease remains unresolved. We investigated the anti-H. pylori antibody profile in northeast Thai dyspeptic patients with gastrointestinal disease in order to identify any H. pylori antigens that may be associated with an increased risk of gastrointestinal disease. Patients and methods: Eighty-nine H. pylori-infected dyspeptic patients (44 non-ulcer, 23 peptic ulcer, 22 gastric cancer) were included in the study. Patients were considered to have H. pylori infection when at least one invasive method (i.e., culture, rapid urease test, and histology on biopsy specimens) and serological tests including a commercial ELISA (Pyloriset EIA-GIII) and a commercial immunoblot (Helicoblot 2.1; Genelabs Diagnostics), were positive. In addition, the sera of 20 H. pylori-infected blood donors and 10 H. pylori-non-infected blood donors were also randomly collected and analyzed for H. pylori infection by ELISA and Helicoblot 2.1. Results: Immunoreactive protein bands at 116-kDa, .5-kDa, and the current infection marker for H. pylori-infected patients had average frequencies of 97.8%, 77.5%, 36.0%, 25.8%, 79.8%, 58.4%, and 69.7%, respectively. The immunoreactive patterns obtained from the H. pylori-infected patients and H. pylori-infected blood donors were similar. The antibodies to VacA and CagA antigens were not significantly different among the H. pyloriinfected gastroduodenal patient groups. The simultaneous presence of antibody to 19.5-kDa antigen and absence of antibody to 35-kDa antigen was associated with an increased risk of gastric cancer ( p < 0.05). The immunoreactive band to 35-kDa antigen was found at significantly higher levels in peptic ulcer patients, and the 37-kDa antigen was found at significantly higher levels in
Clinical and Vaccine Immunology, 2003
The identification of Helicobacter pylori-strain specific factors that correlate with clinical outcome has remained elusive. We investigated possible relationships between a group of H. pylori antigens and clinical outcome and compared an immunoblot assay kit (HelicoBlot, version 2.1 [HB 2.1]; Genelabs Diagnostics) with an established serological test, the high-molecular-weight cell-associated protein test (HM-CAP). We used sera from 156 Thai patients with different disease presentations, including 43 patients with gastric cancer, 64 patients with gastric ulcer, and 49 patients with nonulcer dyspepsia (NUD). HB 2.1 was compared to HM-CAP as a diagnostic test for H. pylori infection. The seroprevalence of H. pylori was significantly higher among gastric cancer patients than among patients with NUD (93 and 67%, respectively; P < 0.01). Among the H. pylori-seropositive patients, the presence of the antibody to the 37,000-molecular-weight antigen (37K antigen) was inversely related to the presence of gastric cancer (e.g., for gastric cancer patients compared with NUD patients, odds ratio [OR] ؍ 0.28 and 95% confidence interval [CI] ؍ 0.1 to 0.8). The presence of antibody to the 35K antigen was higher in gastric ulcer patients than in NUD patients (OR ؍ 11.5; 95% CI ؍ 2.4 to 54.3). The disease associations of antibodies to the 35K and 37K antigens are consistent with the possibility that these antigens are either indirect markers for H. pylori-related diseases or have specific active or protective roles in H. pylori-related diseases.
DETECTION OF ANTI-HELICOBACTER PYLORI IgG ANTIBODIES IN HEALTHY SUBJECTS
…, 2011
Introduction: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) are Gram-negative microaerophilic, spiral organisms. Factors such as family history of gastric disease, source of drinking water, number of siblings, sharing beds, and level of hygiene have been linked to acquisition of H. pylori infection. Most of the infected people do not have clinical symptoms. The study was planed to determine the level of anti-H. pylori IgG antibodies in the serum of healthy individuals. Material and Methods: The study included 80 healthy subjects and was conducted in the Department of Immunology, University of Health Sciences Lahore. The studied population was divided on the basis of (a) eating food from outside home daily, twice a week or once a week, (b) using filtered or tap water for drinking, and (c) having family history of gastric ulcer or without family history of gastric ulcer. Level of anti H. pylori IgG antibody was determined by ELISA technique. Results: Among 80 asymptomatic healthy individuals anti-H pylori IgG antibody was detected in 28 (35%) subjects who did not have these antibodies (p-value < 0.001). Mean level of anti-H. pylori IgG antibodies was 43 ± 39.3 U/ml, 30.7 ± 37.3 U/ml and 14.9 ± 19.7 U/ml in subjects eating food from outside their homes once a week, twice a week and daily respectively. Statistically significant difference was observed in the level of H. pylori antibodies with different eating habits (p = 0.015). However no statistically significant difference was observed in the level of anti-H. pylori antiodies between two genders, individuals using tap water and filtered water for drinking and with family history of gastric ulcer. Conclusion: H. pylori IgG antibodies were present in asymptomatic healthy individuals of both the genders.
Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 2000
Helicobacter pylori is recognized as an important human pathogen that causes chronic gastritis and is associated with gastric atrophy which can lead to adenocarcinoma and MALT lymphoma of the stomach [1,2]. The establishment of the H. pylori infection in the stomach depends on several host and bacterial factors [1]. The expression of specific host antigens such as Lewis-type blood group antigen, may play an important role [3,4]. Helicobacter pylori itself secretes several enzymes, such as urease, which, by neutralizing the acidic pH of the stomach allows the organism to survive [1]. Among the most important bacterial factors in the pathogenesis are the CagA protein and the VacA cytotoxin. The presence of CagA is associated with duodenal ulceration, gastric mucosal atrophy and gastric cancer [5]. Another attribute is the cytotoxin that induces the formation of vacuoles in mammalian cells in vitro leading to cell death [6]. This toxin is encoded by the vacA gene which appears to be highly diverse, and recently the existence of a different allelic variant in the second segment of this gene has been described [7,8]. The serum antibody response could provide important information regarding the severity of H. pylori-associated disease. Several studies have demonstrated a strong correlation between the level of anti-H. pylori immunoglobulin (Ig)G antibodies and the colonization of the gastric mucosa by bacteria [1,9]. However, the H. pylori IgG antibody patterns have been reported to show a high degree of diversity [10,11]. Xiang et al. [12] described an enzyme immune assay (EIA) with recombinant antigen including a fragment of the CagA protein. They concluded that there is a positive correlation between EIA and Western blotting methods used to detect anti-CagA antibodies. They have also shown a strong correlation between CagA antibody level and the presence of an ulcer. Other studies have found that Western blot is even more sensitive as well as more specific than EIA [11,12]. However, other antibodies or combinations of antibodies may also be useful as markers of the severity of the disease. The present study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of antibodies to Cag A, and VacA in our patients, and also to study whether the infection with an H. pylori strain
Vojnosanitetski pregled
Background/Aim. We designed and conducted this study due to the fact that results of the previous studies about seroreactivity to low-molecular-weight Helicobacter pylori antigens, cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA), vacuolating cytotoxin A (VacA) in patients with gastric cancer and peptic ulcer were conflicting. Methods. The Western blot test was performed in 123 patients, 31 with gastric cancer, 31 with duodenal ulcer, 31 with gastric ulcer, 30 with gastritis and functional dyspepsia in order to determine IgG antibodies to H. pylori antigens (CagA, VacA, Heat shock protein 60kDa, Urease B 66 kDa, Flagellin 55kDa, 50kDa, 30 kDa, Urease A 26 kDa, 24 kDa). In this study we analyzed: seroreactivity to H. pylori antigens between group with functional dyspepsia and others; between grades of different histopathological parameters of inflammation of antral and corporal mucosa and between antrum-predominant gastritis and corpus-predominant gastritis + pangastritis groups. Results. It was s...
Microbial pathogenesis, 2018
Helicobacter pylori express a large array of antigens, each of which is duly responsible for successful colonization and pathogenesis. Here, we have studied host serum antibody responses to four of its immunodominant antigens in association with the infection status and the resulting clinical outcomes. For this purpose, four individual H. pylori proteins (UreB, CagA, Tip-α and HP0175) were produced in recombinant forms. Serum antibody responses of 246 (75 GC and 171 NUD) patients, against the above antigens, were evaluated by multiplex immunoblotting. The associations between the resulting data and the infection status, as well as clinical outcomes were evaluated using logistic regression models. Serum antibodies to all four recombinant antigens increased the chances of detecting screening ELISA-positive subjects, in an escalating dose-dependent manner, ranging from 2.6 (1.5-4.7) for HP0175 to 14.3 for UreB (4.3-50.7), exhibiting the lowest and highest odds ratios, respectively (P ≤...
Infection and Immunity, 2000
Colonization of the gastric mucosa by Helicobacter pylori is the major cause of gastroduodenal pathologies in humans. Studying the outcome of the humoral immune response directed against this gastric pathogen may contribute substantially to vaccine development and to the improvement of diagnostic techniques based on serology. By using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, 29 proteins from H. pylori G27 were identified which strongly react with sera derived from H. pylori-infected patients suffering from different gastroduodenal pathologies. These antigens were characterized by mass spectrometry and proved to correspond to products of open reading frames predicted by the H. pylori genome sequence. The comparison of the antigenic patterns recognized by these sera revealed no association of specific H. pylori antigens with antibodies in patients with particular gastroduodenal pathologies.
Serum Helicobacter pylori NapA antibody as a potential biomarker for gastric cancer
Scientific Reports, 2014
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is strongly associated with gastric cancer. However, only a minority of infected individuals ever develop gastric cancer. This risk stratification may be in part due to differences among strains. The relationship between neutrophil-activating protein (NapA) and gastric cancer is unclear. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the significance of NapA as a biomarker in gastric cancer. We used enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to determine the status of H. pylori infection. Indirect ELISA method was used for detection of NapA antibody titer in the serum of H. pylori infected individuals. Unconditional logistic regressions were adopted to analyze the variables and determine the association of NapA and gastric cancer. The results of study indicated serum H. pylori NapA antibody level were associated with a reduced risk for development of gastric cancer. It may be used in conjugation with other indicators for gastric cancer detection. G astric cancer is one of the leading types of cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, particularly in East Asian populations 1-4. It has been calculated that the risk of gastric cancer in H. pylori-infected individuals is 3 to 6 fold higher than in those who are not infected 5. H. pylori, a Gram-negative bacterium that colonizes the gastric mucosa of humans, has been recognized as the major etiological agent of chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, and gastric cancer 6,7. A number of trials have demonstrated the possibility of cancer prevention through H. pylori screening and eradication, particularly in high-risk populations (those with atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, dysplasia of the stomach, etc.). In a meta-analysis, the relative risk of gastric cancer following H. pylori eradication was calculated to be 0.65 overall 8. Therefore, its eradication seems a logical step in the prevention of gastric cancer. However, although more than 50% of the world population is infected with this bacterium, less than 2% develop gastric cancer 2. In screening, the burden for patients as well as the ethics and the cost-effectiveness need to be taken into consideration. Hence, the strategy of widespread screening and eradication of H. pylori for gastric cancer seems inappropriate, and the screening of gastric cancer should be strictly limited to those with established indication of H. pylori infection. Currently, there is no sensitive biomarker for H. pylori related gastric cancer detection. Common makers such as CA19-9, fetoprotein antigen, pepsinogen I/II, and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) are prone to a high degree of false negatives 9,10. Therefore, novel markers are urgently required in order to detect H. pylori related gastric cancer. Moreover, it has been confirmed that H. pylori related gastric cancer is correlated with various virulence factors of H. pylori 11,12. H. pylori neutrophil-activating protein (HP-NapA), an important virulence factor that exists in all H. pylori strains, is associated with adhesion of the bacteria and inflammation occurrence 13,14. In addition, NapA antibody was found more frequently in patients' sera of H. pylori infection. In the present study, we aim to evaluate the relationship between NapA and H. pylori related gastric cancer and discuss whether it can be used as a simple and reliable biomarker for the screening and diagnosis of gastric cancer patients.
Antigenic diversity and serotypes of Helicobacter pylori associated with peptic ulcer diseases
The Korean journal of internal medicine, 1998
Clinical presentation of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection has marked variation mainly due to the strain diversity and host susceptibility. Although H. pylori is identified as a major risk factor for gastric and duodenal ulcers, the ulcerogenic or pathogenic strain has not been documented yet. The objective of this study was to investigate antigenic types of the ulcerogenic strain of H. pylori. The sera of 64 patients were tested by Western blot using Helicoblot 2.0 for six major anti-H. pylori antibodies, together with CLO test and histological examination of gastric biopsy tissues. Thirty-five, nine and 20 patients had duodenal ulcer, gastric ulcer and chronic active gastritis, respectively. The antigenic types of H. pylori were analyzed in 54 patients with positive H. pylori infection. In this study, H. pylori was divided into four serotypes according to the presence and absence of CagA and VagA: type I; CagA (+) and VacA(+), type Ia: CagA (+) and VacA(-), type Ib: CagA(-...