The role of rotavirus associated with pediatric gastroenteritis in a general hospital in Lagos, Nigeria (original) (raw)
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Virology Journal, 2011
This study was conducted to determine the incidence of rotavirus infection in children with gastroenteritis attending Jos university teaching hospital, Plateau State. A total of 160 children with acute diarrhea were selected by random sampling. Stool samples were obtained and assayed for rotavirus antigens by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay technique using standard diagnostic BIOLINE Rotavirus kit. Demographic data of parents were also recorded. Rotavirus were detected in faeces of 22(13.8%) children with acute diarrhea, 90.9% of positive cases of rotavirus gastroenteritis were under 2 years of age with highest prevalence in children 7-12 months of age. Males excreted rotavirus at a significant higher rate than females (P < 0.05). Rotavirus excretion was highest when all three symptoms (diarrhea, fever and vomiting) occurred in the same child (7.5%) and lower when 2 symptoms occurred together (diarrhea and vomiting) with 3.8%, diarrhea and fever with 1.3% and lowest when diarrhea occurred alone with 1.3%. Playing with toys, attending day care, distance of source of water from toilet, eating of food not requiring cooking and playing with other children may serve as predisposing factors of rotavirus disease in these children.
British Journal of Medicine and Medical Research, 2017
Introduction: Rotavirus, is an eleven segmented double stranded ribonucleic acid virus in the family of Reoviridae, and is a leading cause of gastroenteritis among infants and young children. Aims: This study was aimed at conducting a preliminary survey of rotavirus antigen in diarrheic stool of children (< 5 years) in Taraba and Yobe states in Nigeria to determine the prevalence. Methodology: One hundred and fifty children, each, in two north east states (Taraba (TR) and Yobe (YB) Nigeria with acute diarrhea were selected by random sampling in a cross-sectional, hospital-based study. Fifty two non-diarrheic and three hundred diarrheic tool samples from children less than five years old were assayed for rotavirus antigen by enzyme linked Original Research Article
African Journal of Clinical and Experimental Microbiology, 2022
Background: Diarrhea is a worldwide problem and rotavirus is the commonest viral etiologic agent. In Nigeria, diarrhea causes more than 315,000 deaths of preschool-age children annually. In Ebonyi State, it is among the leading causes of pediatric emergency visits and one of the major causes of infant morbidity and mortality. This study was aimed at determining the prevalence and associated risk factors of acute gastroenteritis due to rotavirus infection among under-five children in Abakaliki, Ebonyi state. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study of 275 children under 5 years of age hospitalized for acute watery diarrhea, who were consecutively recruited into the study. Stool samples were collected from each child for rotavirus antigen detection using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Socio-demographic information of each child and selected risk factors were collected using structured questionnaire. Data analysis was done on SPSS software version 20.0, and association of demographic characteristics and risk factors with rotavirus diarrhoea was measured using Chi-square test, odds ratio (and 95% confidence interval). Significant value was set at p < 0.05. Results: The prevalence of rotavirus diarrhea among children under 5 years of age in this study was 26.5% (73/275). Aside from educational level of the mothers, there was no significant association between any of the sociodemographic characteristics and prevalence of rotavirus diarrhoea (p>0.05). Although the prevalence of diarrhoea in the children was lower with the use of maize gruel (pap) as weaning feed (26.3%, 71/270) compared to the use of other complementary feeding such as 'Cerelac' and 'NAN' (40%, 2/5), this association did not reach a significant level (OR=0.5352, 95% CI=0.0875-0.3270, p=0.6110), probably due to the small number of children weaned using other complementary feeds. Conclusion: The relatively high prevalence of rotavirus diarrhea in children under 5 years of age in this study is an indication of the need for the parents/guardians of these children to improve child feeding hygiene.
Acta Scientific Microbiology, 2020
Olayemi and Usman Aliyu Dutsinma. Rotavirus is the most common cause of diarrhoeal disease among infants and young children. It is a genus of double-stranded RNA viruses in the family Reoviridae. According to literatures, nearly every child in the world is infected with rotavirus at least once by the age of five. The study was carried out to determine the incidence of Rotavirus among children (0-5years) suffering from diarrhoea attending Hasiya Bayero Pediatric Hospital, Kano state. Two hundred and ninety-nine children within ages 0-5 years who were at Hasiya Bayero Pediatric Hospital, Kano, at the time of the study were enrolled in the study. Diarrhoea samples were obtained following parental consent and ethical approval from the medical research ethics committee of the hospital. The stool samples were collected aseptically in sterile commercial stool containers adequately labeled (patient ID and date of collection) and were transported in ice to the Center for Biotechnology Research, Bayero University Kano where they we restored at −200C until tested. The presence of Rotavirus was detected using RDT and ELISA (IgM) in the stool samples. Rotavirus (IgM) was detected in 22 of the 299 subjects giving an incidence of 7.4% using ELISA. The RDT kit detected Rotavirus in 45 of the 299 subjects giving an incidence of 15.1%. Female subjects had higher incidence (51.1%) compared to male subjects (48.9%). Subjects in age group 13-24 months old had the highest incidence of Rotavirus (5.0% and 3.7%) while subjects in age group 25-36 months old had the lowest percent positive (0.7% and 0.3%) for RDT and ELISA respectively. The socio-demographic variables associated with the incidence of Rotavirus in this study were mother's level of education, breastfeeding practices and method of water storage. ELISA test kit was found to be more specific and sensitive when compared with Rapid test kit used in this study in detecting Rotavirus. It is recommended that mothers should be educated through their anti-natal and post-natal clinics on the process of avoiding the infection through effective hygiene especially when babies are between 0-5years old especially 13-24 months and the detection of Rotavirus among diarrhoea patients should focus more on the use of ELISA instead of RDT.
2011
A total of six hundred stool samples collected from children and infants (0-5 years) presenting diarrheaat the hospital located in the four north central states of Nigeria (Niger, Kwara, Nasarawa and Federal Capital Territory) were examined for possible detection of rotavirus antigens using enzymes linkedimmunosorbent assay. 27 cases (5%) were found to be positive. The result of the reverse transcription(RT) of the viral RNA to cDNA revealed that, the vp7 gene appeared large and bold while the vp4 genehad small and faint bands. Further identification of the rotavirus isolated using Reverse transcriptionpolymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Agarose Gel electrophoresis, indicated strains G1 (11%), G2(15%), G8 (15%) and P4 (8%), P6 (11%), P8 (11%) as the strains identified. An indication that, theabove mentioned strains may be the dorminant strains in circulation in the study areas. Furtherinvestigation on the remaining parts of north central states is conducted in order to arrive at ...
Bayero Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences, 2014
The study was carried out to determine the molecular characteristics of the rotavirus strains associated with diarrhea among children in Kwara state, Nigeria. A total of 150 stool samples were collected from diarrheic children. The stool samples were screened for rotavirus,using Enzyme linked Immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Nine (9) stool samples were positive 6%. The prevalence of rotavirus infection according to sex was as follows: Male 3.30% and Female 2.70%. The distribution of infection according to age of the children was as follows; <1-2 years 4% and 3-5 years had 2%. The prevalence of infection in dry months was 4.7% while in wet months it was 1.3%. Chi-square test revealed that there was no relationship between the rate of infection and factors such as age and sex of the children except seasonal variations. Molecular identification of the virus indicated P4, P6, G1 and G8 as the common genotypes of rotavirus in Kwara State. More hospital and community base investigations should be conducted to ascertain the diversity of the virus in Kwara State.
Nigerian Journal of Paediatrics, 2016
Rotavirus (RV) is a major etiological agent of acute infantile gastroenteritis and is associated with 20%-25% of diarrhea cases in infants. Nigeria continues to be among the first five countries with greatest number of RV disease associated deaths per year. The objective was to determine some demographic factors that might be associated with rotavirus diarrhea among children in Kaduna State. From September 2013-August 2014, 401 diarrheic stool samples were collected from children under 5 years of age in Kaduna State, Nigeria and analyzed for RV antigen using ELISA. An overall RV prevalence of 32.2% (129/401) was obtained with the infection occurring throughout the study period. The infection was higher in males (33.0%:63/111) compared to females (31.4%:66/210). The highest burden was detected in children 25-36 months of age (37.3%:22/59). Highest prevalence was detected in children whose parents had primary education (35.8%:19/53) and those whose parents were civil servants (35.6%:36/101). There was no statistically significant association between breast feeding and RV infection (P> 0.05). The study has revealed that rotavirus remains an important cause of acute diarrhea in children under five years in Kaduna State, Nigeria. Hence the need to introduce the vaccines into the childhood immunization program in the country
VirusDisease
Rotavirus is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in children 5 years and below. An epidemiological study was carried out to determine the prevalence of rotavirus in Enugu state and factors that contribute to the incidence in the state. Stool samples were collected from 179 children from different parts of the state. Rotavirus antigen was detected using enzyme immunoassay kit. A standardized structured questionnaire was used to obtain additional information from the parents/guardian of the children. Chi square was used to analyze the results and significance was determined at 0.05. The results showed 31.5% prevalence of rotavirus among children with acute gastroenteritis (AGE) and 25.7% prevalence in the general population. The prevalence was highest (60.9%) among children 0-12 months and decreased as the age increased. Rotavirus infection was significantly higher in bottle-fed children than in those feed exclusively breast milk. More viruses were detected in O (48.8%) and A (47.6%) blood group children than in children of other blood groups. More rotavirus caused AGE occurred in dry season compared to wet season, with highest incidence of both AGE and rotavirus infection occurring in January. Rotavirus diarrhoea was significantly associated with fever, vomiting and dehydration. The results of this study show that rotavirus continues to be an important cause of diarrhoea in children in this part of Nigeria and emphasize the need to factor in rotavirus and other viral agents in the diagnosis and treatment of diarrhoea in children 5 years and below.
Notulae Scientia Biologicae
Diarrhoea in children is caused by variety of disease agent including Rotavirus. With the increase in child mortality rate in the state which has been associated with lack of adequate hygiene’s especially for those displaced from their homes, Rotavirus infection may have often been misdiagnosed since the zoonotic potentials, prevalence in children, associated risk factors and clinical signs have not been fully elucidated in Nigeria. These were determined in children who were presented for treatments for gastroenteritis in Government Hospital in Yobe State, Nigeria between the period of April 2014-May 2016 using structured questionnaire and ELISA kit. Rotavirus was detected in 18.1% (30/166) of the patients, 18.4% (16/87) and 17.7% (14/79) were in males and females respectively, while 17.7% (17/96), 15.4% (8/52), 27.8% (5/18) were for ages (<1-24, 25-48 and 49-60) months old respectively. Rotavirus infection was significantly associated (P ˂ 0.05) with age, day-care, signs of vomi...