Agronomic Performance, Genetic Variability and Interrelationships of Traits in some Cowpea (Vignaunguiculata L.Walp) Genotypes under the Semi-Arid Tropics of Sudan (original) (raw)
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The present study was carried out to evaluate the genetic variability and performance evaluation of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) accessions with the objective of selecting accessions with the best adaptability and potentiality for upgrading grain yield and other related traits on high altitude of Jos plateau. A field experiment was therefore carried out at Dagwom farm at the National Veterinary Research Institute (NVRI) Vom, in Jos South Local Government area of Plateau state, during the 2013 and 2014 rainy seasons. The treatments consisted of eighty (80) cowpea g accessions obtained from International Institute for Tropical Agriculture (IITA) Ibadan, Nigeria. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) in two replicates. The result was analysed using (ANOVA) model and showed significant difference at (P<0.01) among the entries for all the characters accessed. High phenotypic coefficient of variability (PCV) compared with genotypic coefficient of variability (GCV) coupled with low environmental coefficient of variability (ECV) were observed for all the yield and related traits accessed. High broad sense heritability (h 2) coupled with high genetic advance (GAM %) attributed to high additive gene effect observed for all
Journal of Plant breeding and Crop Science, 2018
Ethiopia is claimed to be a center of diversity for cowpea production. The crop is the most drought tolerant and could help the country overcome the recurrent drought problem; however, the yield is very low due to lack of effort to develop varieties. This research was conducted to evaluate the stability of cowpea genotypes and to estimate the magnitude of genotypes by environment interaction (GEI) effect on grain yield. Sixteen cowpea genotypes were tested at seven environments in an experiment laid out in a 4 × 4 triple lattice design during 2016/17 cropping season. The combined analysis of variance over environments showed significant differences among genotypes and environments, along with significant effect of GEI on grain yield, days to flowering, days to maturity, plant height and pods per plants. Analysis of variance for grain yield from AMMI model indicated the contribution of genotype and environment, with GEI accounting for about 63.3, 5.3 and 29.7% of the total sum of squares, respectively. The result indicated that environments contributed much to the observed variations suggesting the need to test cowpea genotypes in diverse environments. Considering all stability parmeters, viz; deviation from regression (S 2 di), coefficient of regression (bi) from ER's model, IPCA1, IPCA2 and AMMI stability value (ASV) from AMMI model, GGE biplot and variety TVU was identified as the most stable with mean yield above the mean grain yield of genotypes. Two genotypes: IT-99K-1060a (1398.8 kg/ha) and 86D-378 (1377.1 kg/ha) had first and second highest yield, identified as responsive to both environments but more to favorable environments suggesting the need to further test and develop as varieties. The other two genotypes: 95K-1095-4A and 93K-619-1, identified as unstable and highly responsive to environments suggested to consider the genotypes as candidate varieties where they performed best. Melkassa, Sekota and Jinka were identified as more descrimnating environments, whereas Arbaminch and Kobo were ideal for selecting superior genotypes; however, Babile and Meisso were non descrimnating environments.
2021
The study was conducted to estimate the effects of genotype, environment, and genotype × environment interaction on grain yield and yield-related traits and to identify stability genotype. At six environments, twenty-four cowpea landraces and one check were evaluated in a 5 × 5 triple lattice during the 2019 cropping season. Data were collected on yield and yield-related traits. The analysis of variance for each environment and across environments showed significant differences among genotypes, environments, and GEI for most traits including yield. Environment, genotype, and GEI showed 27.45%, 20.9%, and 49.55% contribution to the total sum of squares, respectively, for grain yield. This indicated that the environments were diverse and most of the variation in grain yield was caused due to interaction and environmental means. G24 (2632 kg ha−1) and G16 (2290 kg ha−1) were the highest yielder and stable genotypes with mean grain yields above the grand mean (2049.28 kg ha−1) and stand...
Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B — Soil & Plant Science, 2019
Cultivar development of cowpea with increased grain yield depends on evaluation and selection of genetically unique and complementary breeding lines. The objective of this study was to evaluate cowpea collections using agronomic traits to select promising parents to develop breeding population. Twenty-two cowpea genotypes were field evaluated using a randomised complete block design with three replications in two locations in South Africa. Analysis of variance revealed significant genotypic (G) and locations (L) differences for all agronomic traits evaluated. Significant differences were also observed for most of the traits due to G X L, G X Year (Y), L X Y and G X L X Y interactions effects. The genotypes tested at two locations showed considerable genetic variation for the following agronomic traits that varied for number of leaves (NL) (20.08-179.78), leaf length (LL) (12.36-67.72 cm), leaf width (LW) (4.78-22.02 cm), number of branches (NB) (6.81-13.85), number of pods per plant (NPPP) (14.33-54.04), number of seeds per pod (NSPP) (11.7286.28), pod diameter (PD) (5.75-22.73 mm), plant height (PH) (6.57-233.71 cm), pod length (PL) (3.94-100.92 mm), hundred seed weight (HSWt) (8.11-49.52 g) and grain yield (GY) (0.10-1.48 t ha −1). Grain yield was significant and positively correlated with all of the traits except leaf length. The principal component analysis (PCA) identified four principal components (PCs) contributing to 73.62% of the total explained variation amongst the tested genotypes. The selected cowpea genotypes for most of agronomic characteristics are useful and candidate genetic resources for the development of breeding population in cowpea breeding and enhanced production and productivity for food and nutrition in the country.
Journal of Basic & Applied Sciences, 2015
Thirty accessions of cowpea from Ebonyi, Enugu and Kogi States, Nigeria were used for the study. Seeds of the accessions were randomized in a plot measuring 50x50 meters for three growing seasons. Our results on yield and yield-related traits showed that three principal components were extracted, which contributed 82.23% of the total variability. It revealed that number of seeds pod-1, 100-seed weight, pod length, days to 50% maturity, seed yield, number of leaves plant-1 contributed significantly to the total genetic variability while for proximate composition, four principal components accounted for 93.75% of the total genetic divergence. Cluster analysis revealed that accessions were grouped not necessarily based on geographical location but genetics. Selection for high yielding accessions should be done on cluster 2 as we recommend selection and hybridization of accessions from cluster 1, 2, and 3 for optimal benefit.
Asian journal of soil science and plant nutrition, 2024
Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) is an important leguminous crop with significant economic and nutritional value. In this comprehensive review, we delve into the genetic diversity observed in cowpea populations with a focus on yield components and seed quality parameters. Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) is a crucial legume crop known for its nutritional value and adaptability to various agroecological conditions. Understanding the genetic variability within cowpea populations is essential for crop improvement programs aimed at enhancing yield components and seed quality parameters. This comprehensive review provides an overview of the methods used to assess genetic variability in cowpea, focusing specifically on yield components such as plant height, pod length, and seed weight, as well as seed quality parameters including protein content, amino acid composition, and mineral nutrient levels. Various factors influencing genetic variability in cowpea, such as domestication history, breeding systems, and environmental factors, are discussed. The implications of genetic variability for cowpea breeding and the development of improved varieties with enhanced yield and nutritional quality are also examined. Overall, this review highlights the importance of genetic variability assessment in cowpea for sustainable agriculture and food security.
Genetic Diversity in Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) under Two Growing Conditions
Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology, 2024
This study explores the use of genetic variability for advancing the genetic improvement of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp), particularly in response to insect infestation stress. Over a period spanning 2015 to 2017, forty accessions of cowpeas were evaluated to determine their variability under both insecticide spray and no insecticide spray conditions at the Teachings and Research Farms, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design in three replicates. The accessions were evaluated for plant height, leaf length, leaf width, number of days of 50% flowering, number of pods per plant, pod length, number of seeds per plant, 100-seed weight, and seed yield. Data collected were subjected to principal component and single linkage cluster analyses. Principal axis I (PCA1) accounted for 39% and 35% under insecticide spray and no insecticide spray respectively to the total variation in the accessions. Plant height with a factor score of 0.38, leaf length (0.41), number of leaves (0.37), and 100-seed, weight (0.30) was related to PCAI under insecticide spray while leaf width (0.32). Pod length (0.37) and number of seeds/plant (0.38) were significant to PCA1 under no insecticide spray. Notably, accessions such as SAMPEA6, SAMPEA10, IFE-Brown, and IFE-BPE exhibited consistent performance across both conditions, while others displayed condition-specific attributes. For instance, NGB1063, NGB1152, and NGB1093 demonstrated distinct traits under insecticide spray, while NGB1146 and NGB1124 exhibited notable characteristics under no insecticide spray conditions. Therefore, identifying these forty accessions with desirable traits hold promise for future genetic improvement efforts of cowpea cultivation in Nigeria and beyond.