The Canadian Palaipaphos Survey Project: An Overview of the 1979 and 1980 Seasons (original) (raw)

Selection of common bean lines based on yield, grain type, growth habit and disease resistance

Cropp Breeding and Applied Biotechnology, 2002

The development of improved common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) varieties one should consider not only grain production but also other traits such as grain type, growth habit and disease resistance. Based on these traits, a population of 154 recombinant inbred lines (RIL´s) was developed from the cross between common bean cultivars Rudá and Ouro Negro aiming to establish a permanent population for mapping purposes and also to select promising lines to be evaluated in preliminary tests at EMBRAPA-Arroz e Feijão. Mean yield per plant, seed color and growth habit were determined for the 154 RILs in a randomized complete block design with additional commercial varieties as controls. Resistance of the RILs were also evaluated under controlled conditions for seven races of Uromyces appendiculatus, three races of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum and four races of Phaeoisariopsis griseola, the causative agents for rust, anthracnose, and angular leaf spot, respectively. Ten RILs were selected, two with "carioca" seed type, four with black seeds and four with beige seeds. All selected RILs presented type IIb growth habit and were resistant to the all U. appendiculatus and C. lindemuthianum races used in this work. RILs numbered 38 and 113 were also resistant to the all P. griseola races. The selected RILs may give rise to common bean varieties with "carioca" type or beige seeds, bearing important disease resistance genes, and also to productive black seeded varieties, resistant to several diseases and with growth habit type IIb.

Bayo Azteca, first improved bean variety with resistance to Apion godmani Wagner

Revista Mexicana De Ciencias Agricolas, 2010

Bayo Azteca, the first improved bean variety (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), with resistance to an insect plague, has been obtained via multiple crossing by bean program of the Valley of Mexico Experimental Station (CEVAMEX), of the National Research Forestry, Agriculture and Livestock Institute (INIFAP), which required a long process of genetic improvement. Bayo Azteca is the first improved variety resistant to bean pod weevil (Apion godmani Wagner), which is a curculionidae that attacks beans in template zones of the Central Highlands of Mexico and causes 50-90% losses. Similar to other varieties, the Bayo Azteca is resistant to anthracnose [Colletotrichum lindemuthianum (Sacc & Magn.) Briosi & Cav.] and common blight [Xanthomonas campestris pv phaseoli (Smith) Dye]. The new variety was developed for Central Highlands of Mexico for an altitude that ranges from 1 800 to 2 300 masl. Its growth habit is type III non-determined, short guides, and white flower; its sheaths are of medium and large sizes with 5 or 6 medium size grains each, it has a high potential yield and phenological plasticity. In the Highlands, it is of intermediate earliness (it takes from 102 to 118 days to maturity); Bayo Azteca is also of fast cooking and rich in proteins.

Evaluation of French Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Varieties for Resistance to Anthracnose

Journal of Experimental Agriculture International, 2018

French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a very important protein component of the diets of the majority of the population globally and in Kenya. It is a major vegetable export crop (48%) and income earner to the smallholder farmers who constitute more than 80% of producers in Kenya. However commercial varieties presently grown have the potential to produce more yields of above 1800 kgha-1 but are limited by pests and disease. Among the diseases is anthracnose incited by Colletotrichum lindemuthianum (sacc.et. magn.) Lams. Scrip which causes a severe rapidly developing disease that can bring about complete plant defoliation and extensive yield and or quality loss. Studies were conducted to identify commercial varieties of French beans which are resistant to anthracnose disease. The objective of this study was to screen commercial varieties of French beans in controlled environmental conditions (glasshouse) for resistance to anthracnose disease. This was achieved through evaluation of incidence and phenotypic variation in anthracnose virulence among the bean varieties in relation to yields. Ten bean varieties were used during the study, among them were two controls;

Genetic Diversity of the Canadian Dry Bean Varieties Released Since 1930: A Pedigree Analysis

Crop Science, 2014

C ommon bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) breeding in Canada has a history of more than 120 yr. Early breeding efforts included testing of dry and garden bean introductions, which started soon after the establishment of the Central Experimental Farm (CEF) in Ottawa, ON, in 1886. Pure line selection in the introduced land races in that era resulted in the development of varieties 'Norwegian Brown' and 'Beauty' in the 1910s. Later on, in the 1920s, cross-breeding and selection in segregating populations were initiated in Ottawa. Major dry bean breeding activity in Canada was centered in Ottawa until the mid-1950s, when other Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC) research centers in Harrow, ON, and Lethbridge, AB, began bean breeding activities.

Registration of ‘Bella’ White‐Seeded Common Bean Cultivar

Journal of Plant Registrations, 2018

'Bella' (Reg. No. CV-321, PI 681720) is a multiple diseaseresistant white-seeded common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivar adapted to the humid tropics developed and released cooperatively by the University of Puerto Rico Agricultural Experiment Station and the USDA-ARS. Bella combines resistance to Bean common mosaic virus (BCMV), Bean common mosaic necrosis virus (BCMNV), Bean golden yellow mosaic virus (BGYMV), common bacterial blight, and web blight. The performance of Bella was evaluated across 5 yr in eight environments in Puerto Rico. It tolerated higher temperatures and performed well in soils with low fertility. Bella was developed by pedigree selection to the F 7 generation based on superior agronomic traits (early maturity, erect plant architecture, and good pod set) and commercial seed type. Marker-assisted selection was used to identify the presence of the bgm-1 gene and the SW12 quantitative trait locus for resistance to BGYMV and the I and bc-3 genes for resistance to BCMV and BCMNV. Greenhouse inoculations were used to confirm the presence of the I and bc-3 genes and to screen the line for reaction to strains of common bacterial blight. Mean seed yield of Bella was comparable to the check cultivars. Bella produced among the highest yields in the Bean Adaptation to Stress Environments (BASE) trials planted at Isabela, PR. Bella should allow the successful production of common beans in Puerto Rico throughout the year in soils with lower N fertility. It should also be useful as a parent to enhance the virus, common bacterial blight, and web blight resistance of white, small red, and black beans.

Yield and Response of Bean Breeding Lines for Drought Tolerance to Field Diseases

Journal of Agricultural Science, 2019

Climate change has resulted in an increase in the intensity of droughts and rains, and higher temperatures which are adversely affecting crop production in Africa. It has also influenced the distribution and increased the occurrence of disease and pest epidemics. Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is especially sensitive to these changes. Most released varieties are not well adapted to environmental extremes and extended periods of drought in particular has become a major constraint. In this study, 462 advanced breeding lines developed for drought tolerance were evaluated for yield, agronomic traits and disease response in two contrasting agro-ecologies, Kawanda in the Lake Victoria crescent and Kachwekano in the southwestern highlands. Analysis of variance indicated significant differences (P < 0.05) among lines for most variables and environments (P < 0.001). Performance was better at Kachwekano than Kawanda with mean yields ranging from 928 to 2251 kg ha-1 , and 698 to 2036 kg ha-1 respectively. Angular leafspot, common bacterial blight and rust diseases varied between locations, and among lines with no visible to sever symptoms. Based on Wricke's ecovalence estimates for stability, SCN20, SCN13, SEN114, SEC40 and SEC35 expressed yield stability and superiority. Of the 462 lines, 6.3 % maintained >1500 kg ha-1 , the minimum anticipated commercial yield of new varieties, in all the trials, both seasons and in each year; 5.0 % also maintained above average yields. The most outstanding (1629-3944 kg ha-1) were; DAB299, DAB291, DAB234, DAD34, DAB478, DAB487, DAB543, DAB231, SCN20, SCR66, SCR60, and SER335. These are recommended for development of new varieties.