8 ELECTROLESS DEPOSITION OF NICKEL (original) (raw)
Related papers
This volume is concerned with autocatalytic nickel plating, commonly referred to as electroless nickel plating. In contrast with electroplating, electroless nickel (EN) plating does not require rectifiers, electrical current or anodes. Deposition occurs in an aqueous solution containing metal ions a reducing agent, chelates, complexing agents and stabilizers. Chemical reactions on the surface of the part being plated cause deposition of a nickel alloy.
Chapter 7 Surface Preparation For Electroless Nickel Plating
Electroless nickel is plated over a large number of metallic and nonmetallic substrates of very different compositions and properties. For these reasons, it is impossible to select a single general approach to surface preparation. Specific procedures are required for each type of substrate.
Determination of electroless deposition by chemical nickeling
Metalurgija, 2013
Increasing of technical level and reliability of machine products in compliance with the economical and ecological terms belongs to the main trends of the industrial development. During the utilisation of these products there arise their each other contacts and the interaction with the environment. That is the reason for their surface degradation by wear effect, corrosion and other infl uences. The chemical nickel-plating allows autocatalytic deposition of nickel from water solutions in the form of coherent, technically very profitable coating without usage of external source of electric current. The research was aimed at evaluating the surface changes after chemical nickel-plating at various changes of technological parameters.
Modern Applications of Novel Electroless Plating Techniques
2014
Declaration of Co-Authorship / Previous Publication I. Co-Authorship Declaration I hereby declare that this dissertation incorporates material that is result of joint research, as follows: This dissertation incorporates the outcome of a joint research undertaken with, and under, the supervision of Dr. M. Schlesinger. The collaboration is covered in Chapters 3, 4, and 5 of the dissertation. In all cases, the key ideas, primary contributions, experimental designs, data analysis, and interpretation, were performed by the author. I am aware of the University of Windsor Senate Policy on Authorship and I certify that I have properly acknowledged the contribution of other researchers to my dissertation, and have obtained written permission from each of the co-author(s) to include the above material(s) in my dissertation. I certify that, with the above qualification, this dissertation, and the research to which it refers, is the product of my own work. II. Declaration of Previous Publication This dissertation includes four (4) original papers and that have been previously published/submitted for publication in peer reviewed journals, as follows:
Summary of Existing Models of the Ni-P Coating Electroless Deposition Process
International Journal of Chemical Kinetics, 2013
Electroless nickel-phosphorous plating is a technique often employed in preparation of protective, decorative, and functional coatings. Several feasible mechanisms are discussed in the literature. The influence of process parameters on metal coating deposition is analyzed and described. Nevertheless, some basics of the process and the fundamental aspects of plating still not explained. A number of research groups make an effort to provide a description of the process with a physical model. The aim is to design a theoretical model that could be valid under operating conditions on a practical scale. This work gives a short review of the published data on the mechanism and kinetics of the electroless Ni-P deposition process. The review also touches a novel approach-proposition to analyze data using artificial intelligence tools. C 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 45: [755][756][757][758][759][760][761][762] 2013
electroless, nikel coating, nano coating, alloy coating, wear, corrosion
The development of metal deposition processes based on electroless nickel, alloy and composite coatings on various surfaces has witnessed a surge in interest among researchers, with many recent applications made possible from many excellent properties. In recent years, these coatings have shown promising corrosion and wear resistance properties and large number of newer developments became most important from macro to nano level applications. After a brief review of the fundamental aspects underlying the coating processes, this paper discusses in detail about different electroless nickel alloy, composite, nano plating, bath techniques, preparation, characterization, new depositing mechanism and their recent applications, including brief notes on difficult substrate and waste treatment for green environment. Emphasis will be onto their recent progress, which will be discussed in detail and critically reviewed.
Autocatalytic electroless nickel-boron plating on light alloys
Surface and Coatings Technology, 2000
Light alloys are more and more widely used, notably in aeronautics and the car industry. To improve their superficial properties, they can be covered with a hard and wear resistant protective layer. In this article, we examine the possibility of depositing a thick autocatalytic electroless Ni-B plating on aluminium alloys. We propose an alkaline bath containing sodium borohydride as the reducing agent. The deposition rate is held constant by a regular replenishment of the Ni-B bath allowing a rate of about 25 mm/h. The Knoop microhardness of the Ni-B deposits after the bath reaches about 750 hk 100 . Appropriate heat treatment can increase the deposit microhardness up to more than 1000 hk 100 but must be applied with regard to the substrate properties. The study of these heat treatments will be published in a further paper.
Effects of electroless nickel process variables on quality requirements
1973
Deposition rate, phosphorus content, hardness, appearance, and metal distribution are reported for deposits from two acid, hypophosphi te type electroless nickel baths, one proprietary and one non-proprietary. The baths were operated under a variety of conditions with variations of composition. Extensive data is given on the relation of deposit hardness to phosphorus content and to heat treatment at 100, 200, and 400°C. Objective The general objective of the project under which this work was done was to determine how characteristics of electroless nickel coatings are influenced by the operating variables of the process. The operating variables were to extend to levels outside the normal operating ranges. In this report we include deposits from a non-proprietary acid bath and one proprietary bath. Appearance, structure, plating rate, phosphorus content, hardness, heat treatment, and thickness uniformity of the deposits are discussed. The hardness data in conjunction with heat treatment is fairly extensive. Solutions Used Many of the electroless nickel (Ni-P) deposits were obtained from a solution similar to those reported by Brenner [IJ: NiCl2 • 6H2O 30 g/1 Sodium hypophosphi te 10 g/1 Sodium hydroxyacetate 50 g/1 As prepared, this solution has a pH of about 6.6; but with use, the pH quickly drops to the buffered range of about 4.0-4.5. Normally the process was operated at or close to 96°C. One proprietary solution was also used. This is not identified in this report, but is designated as bath A. Except as otherwise indicated, this was operated in accordance with the vendor's instructions. Plating Cell The basic plating cell was a glass cylinder of perhaps 1.1 liter capacity containing 1 liter of solution. This was immersed in a water-ethyl ene glycol bath which was heated by a hot plate, a quartz immersion heater, and/or an infrared lamp. An automatic temperature control kept the temperature constant to within a degree centigrade for most of the experiments. Agitation, when used, was provided by air from fritted glass disks at the bottom of the container, or a rotating magnetic stirrer. UNCL ASSIFIED 21. NO. OF PAGES 32 20. SECURlfY CLASS
A novel dynamic process for chemical reduction plating
Plating and Surface Finishing, 1998
This paper discloses a novel metallizing process utilizing sequences of simultaneous spraying of two aqueous solutions. The first acts as an electronic energy source (reducing agent); the second acts as a material source (metallic salt ions). The novelty of this technique is based on the sequential spraying procedure. It allows the electron exchange reaction to occur in a very thin aqueous layer next to the surface, exerting the influence of its characteristics and properties. The principle, the apparatus and several results are described, demonstrating the potentialities and the capabilities of this new process, as well as its convenience for many industrial applications.