Effects of high-intensity multi-modal exercise training (HIT-MMEX) on bone mineral density and muscle performance in postmenopausal women. A pilot randomized controlled trial (original) (raw)

The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association (0030-9982), 2022

Abstract

Objectives: To determine the effects of high-intensity multimodal exercise training on bone mineral density and muscle performance in postmenopausal women. Method: The two-armed, parallel, pilot randomized controlled trial was conducted from November 2020 to July 2021 at Riphah Rehabilitation Center, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, which comprised women aged 45–70 who had been in the post-menopause phase for at least 3 years, with a body mass index of 30, who were community ambulant and willing for exercise therapy. The subjects were randomized into two equal groups. Experimental group A received supervised high-intensity resistance, weight-bearing, balance, and mobility training twice-weekly for 8 months. Control group B received low-to–moderate-intensity exercises. Femoral neck and lumbar spine bone mineral density (g/cm2) was taken through a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan. Muscle performance was measured using a 1 repetition maximum for leg and trunk extensors, and a 30-second sit-to-stand test. Data were analyzed using SPSS 21. Results: Out of the 101 women screened, 28 (27.7%) were enrolled; 14 (50%) in group A had a mean age of 53.366.28 years; and 14 (50%) in group B had a mean age of 51.714.82 years (p> 0.05). Group A showed significantly more improvement than group B, with respect to both lumbar spine bone mineral density and muscle performance (p<0.05). Conclusion: A supervised high-intensity multimodal exercise training protocol had a positive effect on the lumbar spine, bone mineral density, and muscle performance in postmenopausal women.

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