Biosorption of Ag+ and Nd3+ from single- and multi-metal solutions (Ag+, Nd3+, and Au3+) by using living and dried microalgae (original) (raw)
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A comparative study on heavy metal biosorption characteristics of some algae
Process Biochemistry, 1999
The biosorption of copper(II), nickel(II) and chromium(VI) from aqueous solutions on dried (Chlorella 6ulgaris, Scenedesmus obliquus and Synechocystis sp.) algae were tested under laboratory conditions as a function of pH, initial metal ion and biomass concentrations. Optimum adsorption pH values of copper(II), nickel(II) and chromium(VI) were determined as 5.0, 4.5 and 2.0. respectively, for all three algae. At the optimal conditions, metal ion uptake increased with initial metal ion concentration up to 250 mg l − 1. Experimental results also showed the influence of the alga concentration on the metal uptake for all the species. Both the Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption models were suitable for describing the short-term biosorption of copper(II), nickel(II) and chromium(VI) by all the algal species.
This paper describes the biosorption of single (Zn(II) and Cr(III)) and binary (Cd(II)/Zn(II) and Cu(II)/Cr(III)) metal solutions in a packed bed column using algae Gelidium and an algal waste from the agar extraction industry immobilized with polyacrylonitrile. In the sorption process, Zn(II) breaks through the column faster than Cd(II) due to its lower affinity for the biosorbent. An overshoot in the outlet Zn(II) concentration was observed and explained by competitive adsorption between Cd(II) and Zn(II), whereby the higher Cd(II) affinity for the biosorbent displaces bound Zn(II) ions. The same was verified for the binary system Cu(II)/Cr(III), where an overshoot in the outlet Cu(II) concentration also appeared. Metal desorption using 0.1 M HNO 3 as eluant was 100% effective for Cd(II), Zn(II) and Cd(II)/Zn(II) systems. For Cr(III) and Cu(II)/Cr(III) systems, the elution of Cr(III) was not 100% effective.
Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 2014
Please cite this article as: Bakatula, E.N., Cukrowska, E.M., Weiersbye, I.M., Mihaly-Cozmuta, L., Peter, A., Tutu, H., Biosorption of trace elements from aqueous systems in gold mining sites by the filamentous green algae (Oedogonium sp.
PLOS ONE, 2018
In the present study, a comprehensive approach to the biosorption process was proposed. Biosorption of Cr(III), Mn(II) and Mg(II) ions by a freshwater macroalga Cladophora glomerata was examined using several advanced techniques including FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy), ICP-OES (Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry) and SEM-EDX (Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy). The enriched biomass can become a valuable, bioactive feed additive for different breeds of animals. Additionally, the collected algal biomass was soaked in water in order to reduce the content of carbohydrate, what is especially important for animals with metabolic disorders. The content of starch was reduced by 22% but additionally some elements-mainly Si, K and P were removed from the biomass. It was shown that the natural macroalga had better biosorption properties than soaked. Cr(III) ions were sorbed by the biomass in the highest extent, then Mn(II) and finally Mg(II) ions. The content of chromium in the enriched algal biomass increased almost~200 000 times, manganese~75 times and magnesium~4.5 times (both for Mg(II) ions used from magnesium sulphate, as well as from magnesium chloride) when compared to the natural Cladophora glomerata. In the case of the soaked biomass the increase of the content of elements in the enriched biomass was as follows~17 165 times for Cr,~25 times for Mn and for Mg~3.5 times for chloride and 3.8 times for sulphate. The type of magnesium salt (chloride or sulphate) had no significant effect on the algal sorption capacity. The proposed mechanism of the biosorption is ion exchange in which mainly potassium participated. The applied FTIR analysis enabled the identification of the functional groups that participated in the biosorption process-mainly carboxyl and hydroxyl. The main changes in the appearance of the spectra were observed for the following wavenumbers-3300-3400; 2900; 1700; 1400-1500 and 1200-1300 cm-1. The application of SEM-EDX proved that the metal ions were sorbed on the surface of both tested algae.
Abstract. Dead cells of Chlorella vulgaris were used experimentally to remove cadmium (Cd 2+), copper (Cu 2+) and lead (Pb 2+) ions from aqueous solution under various conditions of pH, biosorbent dosage and contact time. C. vulgaris was isolated from Lake Manzala (Egypt) and then cultivated outdoors, in growth media, maintaining pH of nearly 7.5. After cultivation, the cells were harvested by coagulation and prepared to make an experiment with different variants of pH, contact time and adsorbent dose. The adsorption specific characteristics of C. vulgaris were examined using Fourier Transformation Infrared Spectroscopy (FTR) and Scanning Electron Mi-croscopy (SEM). The FTIR and SEM data showed vibration frequency changes for the peaks corresponding to the surface functional groups and morphological changes of C. vulgaris, respectively , after its exposure to metal ion solution. The maximum removal efficiency for copper and lead at ambient room temperature was recorded at pH 5 and 20-minute contact time, while the contact time of 120 minutes at pH 6 created the most suitable conditions for cadmium biosorp-tion. On the other hand, 2 g dm-3 of C. vulgaris under optimum conditions was sufficient to remove 95.5%, 97.7% and 99.4% of Cd 2+ , Cu 2+ and Pb 2+ , respectively, from a mixed solution of 50 mg dm-3 of each metal ion. The removal trend was in order of Pb 2+ > Cu 2+ > Cd 2+. The results suggested that the biomass of C. vulgaris is an extremely efficient and environmentally friendly biosorbent for the removal of Cd 2+ , Cu 2+ and Pb 2 from aqueous solutions, which may be applied on a large, industrial scale.
Biosorption of Heavy Metal by Algae Biomass in Surface Water
Journal of Environmental Protection, 2016
Discharging wastewater containing heavy metals of Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd into water bodies can cause toxicity in plants and aquatic animals and some of them will be unable to survive except algae. Wastewater treatment method to remove heavy metal contaminants includes chemical precipitation, ion exchange, membrane, filtration, adsorption using activated carbon. However, these methods are either expensive or have other disadvantages such as high energy consumption and inefficiencies when existing heavy metals are at trace concentration. Biosorption using algae biomass can be an alternative method to eliminate heavy metals. The objective of the project is to investigate the capability of Marine Algae (MA) and Freshwater Algae (FA) biomass in adsorbing heavy metals of Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd from water medium using synthetic water and industrial water. MA and FA were obtained from the eastern coast of Pulau Ubin and local fish farm respectively. After being fully washed with deionised water, dried in a furnace for 105˚C, they are grinded to pass 1 mm 2 of siever. MA and FA were characterised using FTIR to determine their functional groups. An industrial water was collected from industrial discharge from metal factories in northern side of Singapore. Effect of adsorption time, adsorbent concentration, and pH were studied. The result showed that FA and MA had a higher capability in adsorbing a total metal of about 40 ppm level from an industrial water, or 4 times than synthetic water concentration, at the same adsorbent dosage of 50 mg. In conclusion, the presence of various functional groups, hydroxyl, carboxylic and amine groups, in all MA and FA samples had enabled the algae biomass to adsorb heavy metals of Cu, Pb, Cd and Zn from synthetic and industrial water. Due to their biosorptive properties and fast adsorption capability, algae could be a potential method for cleaning up surface water or post-treatment of wastewater and minimise the cost of eutrophication.
Journal of Bioremediation & Biodegradation, 2018
Pollution by heavy metal ions is one of the major environmental problems in many countries. In this study, four different species of dried marine macroalgae, Ulva lactuca, Jania rubens, Pterocladia capillacea and Colpomenia sinosa were used for the removal of toxic heavy metal ions Pb +2 , Cd +2 and Ni +2 from synthetic wastewater. In general, the highest efficiency of metal ion bioremoval was recorded for red alga J. rubens followed by C. sinosa and the lowest one was recorded for U. lactuca, with mean removal values of 91%, 89% and 85%, respectively. The effect of several parameters such as contact time, algal dose, effect of pH, and initial concentration of metal ions on the adsorption process was estimated. The optimum adsorption was found to occur at pH 5.0, contact time 60 min, adsorbent dose 20 g/L and initial concentration 40 mg/L. This work confirms the potential use of red macroalga J. rubens as an inexpensive and efficient alternative technology, for sequestering heavy metal ions from wastewater.
Adsorption-Desorption Study of Metal Ions on Brown Macro Algae Padina sp
2014
Background: Environmental pollution by heavy metals is one of the major problems. Therefore, it is necessary to remove it from the polluted area. It is believed that, the used of brown macro algae Padina sp. as biosorbent for removing metal ions can reduce the pollution. The selection of this material due to the high capability to remove metal ions. In the present study, biomaterial was pre-treated with NaCl. The purpose of the pre-treatment process is to remove the contamination on the biomaterial. The clean biomaterial (biosorbent) was immersed in the aqueous metal solution and the mixture of biosorbent and solution was agitated at 150 rpm. In order to determine the efficiency of biosorbent to adsorb the metal ions from the solution, the optimization of each parameter such as contact time, pH, initial concentration and dosage have been done. This is an important step so as to obtain the better information to evaluate the efficiency of biosorbent. Initial and final metal concentrat...
Biosorption of Heavy Metals with Algae: Critical Review of Its Application in Real Effluents
Sustainability
Biosorption is a variant of sorption techniques in which the adsorbent is a material of biological origin. It has become an economic and ecological alternative for the treatment of effluents. Among the biomasses employed in biosorption, algae have emerged as a sustainable solution for producing environmentally friendly adsorbents due to their abundance in seawater and freshwater, profitability, reuse and high metal absorption capacities. Although the research on the use of biosorbents is extensive and has grown in recent years, there are not many cases of their use for the treatment of real industrial solutions, which are more challenging due to the complex composition of metals that results in interference or competition over the functional sites of the biomass. This review aims to highlight the current state of research, focusing on the application of algae biosorption to remove copper from effluents. The most studied metals are those with the most significant health connotations,...
Biosorption has emerged as a cost-effective and efficient altemative technology for removal of heavy metals which produce adverse health effects on humans and living organisms. In the present study the biosorption and desorption of cadmium, lead and zinc by Chlamydomonas variabilis, Anabaena constricta and Nitzschia linearis were evaluated. Algal species were isolated and cultivated on a large scale to get an intensive biomass sufficient for metal binding experiments. The experimental adsorption data were fitted to the Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption model. Characterization of the metal-loaded biosorbent by FTIR spectrum, TEM and EDX analysis confirmed that the metal ions can bind to anionic groups due to electrostatic attraction and sorption capacity is strongly influenced from the type and number of functional groups of the biosorbent. The maximum efficiencies of cd, Pb and zn removal using c. variabilis were 97.9%o, 96.10/o and 96.10/o for oven dried biomass and 96.30/o, 94.2%...