Clinical and Developmental Profile of Children with Autism (original) (raw)
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Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research, 2017
Despite housing ∼18% of the world's population, India does not yet have an estimate of prevalence of autism. This study was carried out to estimate the prevalence of autism in a selected population of school-children in India. N = 11,849 children (mean age = 5.9 [SD = 1.3], 39.5% females) were selected from various school types from three boroughs in Kolkata, India. Parents/caregivers and teachers filled in the social and communication disorders checklist (SCDC). Children meeting cutoff on parent-reported SCDC were followed up with the social communication questionnaire (SCQ). SCQ-positive children were administered the autism diagnostic observation schedule (ADOS). Teacher report on SCDC was available on all 11,849 children. Parent-report SCDC scores were obtained for 5,947 children. Mean scores on teacher SCDC were significantly lower than parent SCDC. Out of 1,247 SCDC-positive children, 882 answered the SCQ, of whom 124 met the cutoff score of 15. Six of these children met c...
Journal of Postgraduate Medicine, 2015
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) often co-occur with intellectual disability (ID) and are associated with poorer psychosocial and family-related outcomes than ID alone. The present study examined the prevalence, stability, and characteristics of ASD estimates in 2,208 children with ASD and ID identified through the South Carolina Autism and Developmental Disabilities Network. The prevalence of ASD in ID was 18.04%, relative to ASD rates of 0.60%-1.11% reported in the general South Carolina population. Compared to children with ASD alone, those with comorbid ID exhibited increased symptom severity and distinct DSM-IV-TR profiles. Further work is needed to determine whether current screening, diagnostic, and treatment practices adequately address the unique needs of children and families affected by comorbid ASD and ID diagnoses.
Public Health Dimensions of Autism Spectrum Disorder in India: An Overview
Journal of Comprehensive Health
The global prevalence of an early-onset of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is ~1% and is a priority for the global mental health agenda (1). 78 million people worldwide are affected by autism and the impact on the individuals and families are enormous (2). Autistic Spectrum Disorder is a pervasive neurobehavioral disorder characterized by qualitative impairment in social interaction, communication and repetitive and stereotypic patterns of interests and activities (3). INCLEN study suggests that ASD prevalence across five States in north and west India was as high as one in 125 children between 2-6 years age group and one in 80 among children in 6-9 years age; overall the prevalence in India is estimated to be 1in 89(4). Autism was first described in 1943 among children born in 1930s and prevalence of autism is on the rise as reported from all over the world. Early intervention can ameliorate the morbidity significantly (5). Autism Spectrum Disorder is a neurodevelopmental disorder w...
Cureus
Introduction: The global prevalence of autism spectrum disorder is rising. However, the services related to autism are only slowly being developed in poor-resource nations. There is a need to understand the characteristics of autistic children in order to develop individualized, evidence-based interventions. This study aims to analyze the sociodemographic profile and initial clinical presentations of autistic children in the northern part of Sri Lanka and determine the differences in these factors between this region and the rest of the country and the globe. Methods: This retrospective descriptive study in a center for neuro-developmental disorders in Northern Sri Lanka analyzed data extracted from clinical records of 123 autistic children using a predesigned data extraction form. Descriptive analyses and chi-square tests were performed using RStudio. Results: Among the 123 children, 71.5% were males. The mean age of diagnosis was 3.4 years. Most children (69.9%) had mild to moderate symptoms of autism. At the time of presentation, all children had speechrelated complaints, while behavioral issues, poor social interaction, and sensory issues were reported in 91.9%, 96.7%, and 78% respectively. Social stigma was found to be the prime challenge faced by caregivers. Conclusion: The findings show that speech and language-related problems are universal among autistic children in this region, while behavioral issues, poor social interaction, and sensory issues are highly prevalent. Further, this study highlights the need for community awareness through the primary healthcare system to address delays in detecting red-flag signs of autism by parents and seeking professional help.
Research on autism spectrum disorders in India
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are a complex group of neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by triad of impairments in communication skills, social skills and repetitive behaviour. Research on this category of developmental disorders is still in a nascent stage in India . This review article collates information on research done on ASD in India.
A Narrative Review of Autism Spectrum Disorder in the Indian Context
Background: Autism is called "spectrum" disorder because there is a wide variation in the type and the severity of symptoms that people experience. India has a vast population, diverse cultures, and multiple languages, making it crucial to understand the unique challenges faced by individuals with autism spectrum disorder in the Indian context. Aims: This narrative review explores the current state of knowledge about autism spectrum disorder in the Indian context. Methods: Databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Sage journals, and other sources were searched with relevant terms for preparing this review. All published literature till January 2023 was studied and those which met the inclusion criteria were included. The resources included were original research articles, review articles, web pages, and book chapters addressing the purpose of the paper. Forty-eight such studies which met the inclusion criteria were included in the study. Result: The prevalence of autism varied across different studies in India. The study found advanced paternal age, fetal distress, gestational respiratory infections, labor complications, preterm birth, neonatal jaundice, delayed birth cry, birth asphyxia, late initiation of breastfeeding, neonatal seizures, use of maternal hormonal intervention, and consanguinity as some of the identified risk factors of autism spectrum disorder. Parents and families of children with autism have to go through a complex negative experience, both in the family and the community. This negative experience is further compounded by the lack of awareness and access to appropriate professional help and resources. Conclusion: There is an urgent need for services that help parents cope with the stress of parenting a child with autism.
Exploring clinical features of children with autism in Bogura city of Bangladesh
The Dhaka University journal of biological sciences, 2024
Autism is marked by a dense shortage of social, language, and cognitive abilities. To become aware and start earlier treatment, these criteria needed to be known from their cultural context, helpful for the betterment of children with autism and their caregivers. The study aimed to explore the severity of six clinical features (e.g., socio-emotional, language, behavioral, affective, cognitive, and physical symptoms) of Bangladeshi children with autism according to the DSM-V. Thirty six parents (55.56% mother and mean age = 33.75 years) of autistic children participated as respondents. Required data were collected using a personal information form and the Bangla version of the Clinical Features of Autistic Children Questionnaire. Data were analyzed through frequency, percentage, and correlation. The results showed that the severity of social and physical developmental symptoms was comparatively lower, while language, behavioral, affective, and cognitive developmental symptoms were comparatively higher among children with autism. In addition, no significant correlation was found among socio-emotional, language, behavioral, affective, cognitive, and physical symptoms in terms of parents' educational qualifications and family income of children with autism. The study recommends that the concerned authorities should immediately focus on the more severe clinical features and affecting factors for the betterment of both children with autism and their caregivers.
“Development in Behavior of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders”
International Journal of Medical Science and Clinical Invention, 2021
Background: Autism was once thought to be an uncommon developmental disorder, but recent studies have reported increased prevalence and the condition is now thought to occur in at least 1% of children. It is being identified in increasing numbers in Bangladesh. In a study conducted by WHO and National Institute of Mental Health the prevalence of Autism is found to be 8 per 1000 in Bangladesh. Objective: To find out the development in behavior of children with ASD. Methods: This Randomized control trial study among the patient attending in Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health & Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The study was carried out 6 months from Januaruy, 2019 to Jun, 2019. A total of 40 children (6 years or under 6 years) having Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD), that of randomly selected (lottery method) 20 children received a specific dietary intervention was considered as group I and 20 children who not received a specific dietary intervention was considere...