Cigarette Smoking and the Risk of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection among Injection Drug Users: A Cohort Study (original) (raw)

Abstract

Background: Cigarette smoking and tuberculosis are major global health concerns, and cigarette smoking increases the risk of active tuberculosis disease. However, it is unknown whether a causal relationship exists between cigarette smoking and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection. We analyzed data from a longitudinal cohort study of injection drug users in Tijuana, Mexico to investigate whether cigarette smoking increases the risk of Mtb infection. Methods: Participants were recruited using respondent driven sampling (RDS). Mtb infection status was ascertained using QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube (QFT) assays at baseline and 18 month visits. QFT conversion was defined as interferon-gamma concentrations <0.35 IU/ml in the antigen-stimulated tube minus the nil tube at baseline and ≥ 0.35 IU/ml plus 0.7 IU/ml greater than baseline at 18 months. The number of cigarettes smoked daily was categorized into quartiles. We used multivariable Poisson regression weighted for RDS sampling ...

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