Analysis of major lipid classes and their fatty acids in a cestode parasite of domestic fowl, raillietina (Fuhrmannetta) echinobothrida (original) (raw)
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Comparative Study of the Lipid Content and the Fatty Acid Composition in the Parasite
The fatty acid composition of the parasite, Mothocya belonae, and the muscle of its host, Belone belone (Garfish), were compared. The saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids in parasite and the host are respectively 49% to 52.9%; 25.12% to 28.8% and 25.87% to18.2 % of total fatty acids. The parasite is characterized by palmitic (C16: 0), oleic (C18: 1n-9), arachidonic acid (C20: 4n-6) and EPA (C20: 5n-3) with respective percentages of 29.1%, 17.6%, 3.9% and 7.7% of total fatty acids. Parasite tissues are distinguished by their high EPA + DHA with a rate of 19.4% of total fatty acids.
Observations on the lipids ofOochoristica agamae (Cestoda)
Parasitology Research, 1989
An investigation of the lipids of Oochoristica agamae, an anoplocephalid cestode of the Agama lizard, was undertaken. Total lipids of the parasite accounted for 8.4% of the fresh weight; neutral lipids comprised 82.98 % of the total, glycolipids, 5.01% , and phospholipids, 12.03%. The major lipid classes in O. agamae include triglycerides, cholesterol, phosphatidyl choline, and phosphatidyl ethanolamine. The 16-and 18-carbon fatty acids were predominant in the parasite. Hexadecenoic acid, usually found at low concentrations in the lipids of helminth parasites, was the most abundant of the 16-carbon fatty acids of O. agamae (notably in the neutral lipid fraction). Although octadecatrienoic acid occurred only in trace amounts in the intestinal contents of the host, significant amounts of this fatty acid were detected in the parasite. A lack of 20-carbon fatty acids was determined in the lipids of the host's intestinal contents and the neutral lipid fraction of the parasite. O. agamae is suspected to be capable of modifying fatty acids obtained from dietary sources by chain elongation.
Major lipid classes and their fatty acids in a parasitic nematode, Ascaridia galli
Journal of Parasitic Diseases, 2010
The paper presents major lipid classes and their fatty acids investigated from Ascaridia galli, a nematode parasite of country fowl. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) reveals that the percent of total lipid, neutral lipid, phospholipids, and glycolipids are 1.94, 54.39, 26.95 and 18.66, respectively. Gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) analysis shows that the saturated fatty acids are the major components in all the lipid fractions followed by monoenes and dienes. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were present in low amount. Stearic acids (C 18) were the chief components among all the fatty acids in all the lipid fractions.
Lipid composition in turbot larvae fed live feed cultured by emulsions of different lipid classes
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology, 1994
Fatty acid and lipid class compositions were dete~in~ in eggs and larvae of turbot ~~co~ht~~s maximus L.). The larvae were fed on rotifers and Artemia fed on various lipid emulsions. Starving larvae were also studied. The lipid class compositions of the emulsions affect the fatty acid composition of the rotifers. Ethyl ester-based emulsion exhibited the highest assimilation by the rotifers and Artemdu and were possibly in~or~rat~ in their tia~ylglycerol fraction. J&r&g larval starvation docosahexaenoie acid and arachidonic acid leveis tended to be conserved whereas eicosapentaenoic acid was highly reduced. Moreover, the relative proportion of phosphatidylethanolamine increased whereas that of phosphatidylcholine decreased in starved larvae. Increasing the n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acid levels in rotifers and Artemiu did not influe~e the survival and growth of the turbot larvae. A positive correlation was found between pigmentation success and the ratios of docosahexaenoicf eicosapentaenoic acids in the total and polar Lipid fractions of the turbot larvae. Furthermore, the amounts of these polyunsaturated fatty acids in the ph~pha~dylethanolamine fraction of the larvae are suggested to be of particular importance in turbot pig~euta~on.
Lipidic metabolism in parasitic platyhelminthes
2010
This review is an account of research into the biochemistry of lipids of platyhelminth parasites. Taking as high benchmark major metabolic pathways of vertebrates we summarize catabolic and synthesis routes now thought to be characteristic of this group. We emphasize the litlle recent information that exists on intermediary metabolism in these parasites. However, new data may be challenging old paradigms that have rule lipid metabolic studies for decades. Of particular relevance is the finding that fatty acid oxidation is possible under certain conditions, and metabolites related to sterols synthesis have been identified. Recent work on lipids turnover and remodeling of host taken phospholipids is also reviewed. Relevant contributions concerning eicosanoid metabolism are included in this chapter. The review concludes with a brief look at some lipid binding proteins related to the acquisition and transport of lipids from the host and distribution inside the cell. Correspondence/Repri...
Experimental Parasitology, 2010
The main aim of this work was to assign the cuticular lipids identified in a parasitic nematode and to distinguish those originating from its host. The hypothesis that long-chained fatty acids and sterols are imported by the parasite in the absence of certain enzymes was also tested. The organisms (Anisakis simplex and Gadus morhua) were extracted in petroleum ether and dichloromethane. Matrix-assisted laser desorption time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF) was used to identify unknown components, and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI/MS) to verify recognized groups of lipids. The lipid classes identified in the surface layer were free saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, triacylglycerols, sterols and non-polar sphingolipids (ceramides, sphingoid bases). The most abundant fraction consisted of fatty acids. The predominant saturated acids were tetradecanoic acid in the petroleum ether extract of A. simplex, hexadecanoic acid in the dichloromethane extract of A. simplex, and also the polyunsaturated octadecahexaenoic and octadecatrienoic acids in both extracts of the parasitic nematode. The mass spectrum revealed the presence of fatty acids with different numbers of carbons, and with odd and even numbers of unsaturated bonds. The MALDI-TOF mass spectrum also identified triacylglycerols (TAGs). The dominant short-chain TAGs were CoCoCy: 1 , CoCoPg and Bu0:0B: 6. The majority of TAGs were found in the ether and dichloromethane extracts of A. simplex. Sterols were the least common class of lipids found in the nematode extracts; most likely, this is the fraction that is entirely incorporated from the host organism because of the parasite's inability to synthesize them. MALDI-TOF also identified non-polar sphingolipids-ceramides and sphingoid bases. The signals due to N-octanoyl-D-erythrooctasphinganine (m/z 288.3) and N-tetranoyl-D-erythro-tetradecasphinganine (m/z 316.4) were dominant on the mass spectra; quite a large number of short-chain non-polar sphingolipids were also identified.
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2002
Phospholipid and triacylglycerol fatty acid compositions of whole animals from all life stages of Eurygaster integriceps, including eggs, nymphs, pre-diapausing adults and diapausing adults, were determined. The fatty acid composition of total lipids of their food, wheat, was also determined. The major components of the insects and their food were the expected C16 and C18 saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. Since fatty acid compositions of third-stadium nymphs were not similar to the profiles of their food, most likely, dietary fatty acids are modified by the insect. The fact is that the food does not provide C20 polyunsaturated fatty acids, but the insect tissue lipids include these components. We suggest biosynthesis of the C20 components by elongationydesaturation of C18:2ny6, an abundant component of the diets. We also show differences in fatty acid profiles from each of the life stages. ᮊ
European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology, 2018
The aim of this work is to assess the fatty acid (FA) profiles, the lipid classes, and the positional distribution of FA within the triacylglycerol (TAG) structure of the lipids extracted from Lepidoptera larvae, compared with Diptera and Coleoptera ones. The major essential FA in most species was α‐linolenic acid (ALA), at 62.5 mol% of total FA in Caligo memnon. Oleic acid (OA) was found in high amounts in Galleria mellonella, at 44.8 mol% of total FA. The n‐6/n‐3 ratio was below 1 in 12 of the 15 species surveyed, reaching 14.8 in Oryctes nasicornis. As for lipid fractions, an increase in the amounts of stearic and linoleic acids in the phospholipids fraction was observed. Distribution of FA in the sn‐2 position of TAG is assessed through enzymatic hydrolysis reaction. Bombyx mori larvae contain ALA at 49.1 mol% of total FA at the sn‐2 position of TAG, while OA is the main FA in sn‐2 position in G. mellonella (88.5 mol% of total FA). Overall, Lepidoptera larvae constitute a rich s...