Flash Flood Risk Estimation of Wadi Qena Watershed, Egypt Using GIS Based Morphometric Analysis (original) (raw)
Related papers
2017
Remote Sensing techniques with GIS were used to evaluate flash flood hazard in Wadi Qena. Wadi Qena represents a large, wide, dry and long valley slopes down from the south of the Galala height to the town of Qena. Its southern stretches considered as very promising land for the agriculture expansion. The surface area of Wadi Qena is about 15,588 km 2. Flash flood hazard in Wadi Qena is evaluating by the integration of some quantitative geo-morphometric parameters and Tropical Rainfall Monitoring Mission (TRMM) satellite data of the last flashflood in 28th January 2013. Streams were automatically extracted from ASTER DEM data. Wadi Qena classified into 151 sub-basins. The various morphometric parameters of Wadi Qena sub-basins have been computed. flash flood hazard map of the most dangerous sub-basins was prepared by combining all the spatial layers of morphometric parameters for the sub-basins included in it by GIS analysis. the majority of the sub-basins range from low to medium hazard degree Except one sub-basin located at the eastern part of the wadi is classified as high hazard degree. This technique may help in evaluating the hydrographic basin and offers a base map delineating both recharge and flooding area. Flash flood has double-edged effects one is a destructive and life terminator, the second is a beneficent, if it can be controlled and directed for the development the community. This technique helps in diminishing the flood hazards and increases recharging the shallow aquifers.
2019
Wadi EL Tarfa basin is one of the largest basins in the Eastern Desert of Egypt where its surface area reaches 4939 Km 2. It is considered one of the promising agricultural reclamation areas in Egypt. Wadi EL Tarfa is mainly running on El Maaza limestone plateau and drains in the Nile River at the southeast of BeniMazar City. The morphometric analyses of Wadi El Tarfa was carried out through ARC GIS software 10.2 based on DEM with resolution of 30 m (SRTM 1 Arc-second Global) which downloaded online from the USGS site. Wadi El Tarfa basin is subdivided into eight main sub-basins (from 1 to 8). According toStrahler ordering method, Wadi EL Tarfa attains eighth order and its sub-basins range between fifth order for small sub-basins (nos.1, 3, 4& 6) and seventh order for large sub-basins (nos. 7 & 8). The flash flood hazard degrees of El Tarfa basin have been estimated depending on the morphometric parameters which have direct effect on the flood amount. The morphometric ranking method was used in determining the hazard degrees which are divided into five hazard classes. All sub-basins are classified according to the degrees of hazard. The classification shows that the subbasin (no. 2) has the lowest hazard while sub-basins (nos. 3, 5, 6& 8) are the most hazardous. The resultant flash flood risk maps indicate the most probable sub-basins and the main roads expected to be affected by flood hazard. It is recommended to construct protection systems in Wadi El Tarfa area such as retardation earthen dams to mitigate the floods risk in one hand and to increase the rain water harvesting on the other hand.
Flash Flood Risk Assessment Using Morphological Parameters in Sinai Peninsula
Open Journal of Modern Hydrology, 2013
Flash floods are considered to be one of the worst weather-related natural disasters. They are sudden and highly unpredictable following brief spells of heavy rain. Egypt is subjected to flash floods, especially the eastern desert and Sinai Peninsula where floods from the mountains of Red Sea and Sinai are causing heavy damage to man-made features. This manuscript presents the methodology adopted to generate a weighted risk map for main watersheds located in Sinai according to main morphological parameters. Using digital elevation model (DEM) implemented into a Geographic Information System (GIS) the Sinai watersheds were delineated and morphological parameters calculated. The parameters where then used in a multi criteria analysis process to calculate a morphological risk factor. The resulted risk maps of this study can help initiating appropriate measures to mitigate the probable hazards in the area with prioritization.
Flash Flood Hazard Mapping of Wadi Baba Basin, Southwestern Sinai, Egypt
Sinai Journal of Applied Sciences (Print), 2016
Flash flood hazard in the mountainous area of Southwestern Sinai demands reliable and accurate information. Flash flood is the mainly dangerous hazard to spotlight on because it threats the life of people and retards any sustainable development planning in and around the rugged topography areas. The current study aims to applying GIS and remote sensing tools to construct flash flood hazards map based on geomorphometric parameters extracted from Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and assess the flash flood hazard risk rank for W. Baba basin and its sub-basins. Wadi Baba is located in an arid region and is considered as a significant basin in Southwestern Sinai area (SWSA) that drains into the Gulf of Suez. The drainage networks and basin boundary were delineated and morphometric parameters of the drainage system were calculated. The flood intensity is controlled mainly by values of geomorphometric parameters, soil and geological characteristics, and the meteorological conditions. The analysis of the various morphometric parameters of the W. Baba shows that they have different impacts on the flash flood intensity. Depending on the statistically computed weights and mean values of the important geomorphometric parameters and then integrated by using GIS functions; the sub-basins of W. Baba are classified into three categorized risk wise, namely: high, moderate and low flash flood hazard. The sub-basins which have high flash flood hazard rank with low probability of ground water recharge are geospatially mapped.
Environmental Earth Sciences, 2011
Flash floods are considered to be one of the worst weather-related natural disasters. They are dangerous because they are sudden and are highly unpredictable following brief spells of heavy rain. Several qualitative methods exist in the literature for the estimations of the risk level of flash flood hazard within a watershed. This paper presents the utilization of remote sensing data such as enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM?), Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM), coupled with geological, geomorphological, and field data in a GIS environment for the estimation of the flash flood risk along the Feiran-Katherine road, southern Sinai, Egypt. This road is a vital corridor for the tourists visiting here for religious purposes (St. Katherine monastery) and is subjected to frequent flash floods, causing heavy damage to man-made features. In this paper, morphometric analyses have been used to estimate the flash flood risk levels of sub-watersheds within the Wadi Feiran basin. First, drainage characteristics are captured by a set of parameters relevant to the flash flood risk. Further, comparison between the effectiveness of the sub-basins has been performed in order to understand the active ones. A detailed geomorphological map for the most hazardous sub-basins is presented. In addition, a map identifying sensitive sections is constructed for the Feiran-Katherine road. Finally, the most influenced factors for both flash flood hazard and critical sensitive zones have been discussed. The results of this study can initiate appropriate measures to mitigate the probable hazards in the area.
Assessment of Flash-Flood Hazard in Arid Watersheds of Jordan
Journal of Geographic Information System, 2017
Flash flood hazard initiated by heavy rainstorms is common in arid Jordan, and often has induced immense damage to life and infrastructures. The current study presents a flash flood assessment for Wadi Rajil (northern Jordan) and Wadi Wuheida (southern Jordan) watersheds using ASTER DEM, GIS, and geomorphic field observation. A total of 23 morphometric parameters of paramount relation to flash flood risk estimation were extracted and calculated using ASTER DEM, GIS, and mathematical formulae developed for this purpose. Two methods were employed to assess flash floods and to generate flooding risk susceptibility maps. The first method is El-Shamy's approach, and the second is the morphometric hazard degree assessment method. Consequently, sub-basins with high and extreme flooding susceptibility were demarcated and displayed spatially using GIS. The maps so produced are meant to help planners and decision makers to devise appropriate plans to mitigate harmful flooding impacts, and to deal with flooding hazards.
Geospatial hazard modeling for the delineation of flash flood-prone zones in Wadi Dahab basin, Egypt
Journal of Hydroinformatics
This study delineated flash flood hazard zones leading to vast destruction to infrastructure, property, and loss of life. An integrated approach using remote sensing and geographic information systems was applied to reveal flash flood-prone zones. The study approach evaluated topographic, geologic, and hydrologic factors holistically to assess these hazard zones. The morphometric characteristics of Wadi Dahab sub-basins were supported by topographic, geologic, and hydrologic information. Data from Shuttle Radar Terrain Mission and Operational Land Imager imagery were analyzed to characterize hydrological morphometrics, lithology, soil types, and land use. A Natural Resources Conservation Service model was selected to calculate runoff depth at ungauged watersheds. A spatially distributed unit hydrograph was adopted to create the flow time and runoff velocity. The Flashflood Hazard Model was developed by spatial integration of all contributing factors. An analytical hierarchy process was adopted for the logic ranking of the effective factors. The flash flood hazard map classifies Wadi Dahab basin into five relative hazard zones: very high, high, moderate, low, and very low. The highly hazardous zones are distributed at the downstream of Wadi Dahab basin corresponding to steep topography and Precambrian rocks. The hazard map was validated using the flash flood markers defined from field observations.
Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 2010
Application of geographic information systems and remote sensing are a powerful tool for the assessment of risk and management of flood hazards. By using these techniques to extract new drainage network with more details to prepare natural hazard maps which may help decision makers and planners to put suitable solutions reducing the impact of these hazards. Ras Sudr city and surrounding area had been attacked by flash floods of Wadi Sudr and Wadi Wardan which are nearly perpendicular to the eastern side of the Gulf of Suez, Egypt, and many infrastructures had destroyed. GIS techniques and remote sensing are used to find the interrelation between the morphometric parameters by using statistical correlation to determine the area under varying flood conditions. The results of morphometric parameters and the new data of last flood which occurred on 17-18th January 2010 indicate that the two basins are threatened by the risk of flash floods and Wadi Wardan is more risky than Wadi Sudr.
The Egyptian Journal of Remote …, 2010
In the mountainous area of the Red Sea region in southeastern Egypt, the development of new mining activities or/and domestic infrastructures require reliable and accurate information about natural hazards particularly flash flood. This paper presents the assessment of flash flood hazards in the Abu Dabbab drainage basin. Remotely sensed data were used to delineate the alluvial active channels, which were integrated with morphometric parameters extracted from digital elevation models (DEM) into geographical information systems (GIS) to construct a hydrological model that provides estimates about the amount of surface runoff as well as the magnitude of flash floods. The peak discharge is randomly varied at different cross-sections along the main channel. Under consistent 10 mm rainfall event, the selected cross-section in middle of the main channel is prone to maximum water depth at 80 cm, which decreases to nearly 30 cm at the outlet due to transmission loss. The estimation of spatial variability of flow parameters within the catchment at different confluences of the constituting sub-catchments can be considered and used in planning for engineering foundations and linear infrastructures with the least flash flood hazard. Such information would, indeed, help decision makers and planning to minimize such hazards. (I.A. El-Magd), eahermas@ narss.sci.eg (E. Hermas), m.elbastawesy@narss.sci.eg (M.E. Bastawesy).