Current Status of Camel Husbandry and Production in the West Bank Governorates-Palestine (original) (raw)
Related papers
Production and trade of camel products in some Middle East countries
Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development, 2012
There are approximately 25 million camels in the world where the global market for camel products has a potential of US$10 billion a year based of Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of United Nations. The comparative advantages of the camel as a dairy animal over the other species in the same environment are difficult to quantify; however in absolute terms, it is widely recognized that the camel produces more milk for a longer period of time than any other animal under the same condition. Camel meat and milk are utilized in some Arabic and African countries and also Iranian people, in marginal of desert, use the camel meat. At present, there are about 148000 camels in Iran that mainly are dromedary (one humped camel). This number can potentially increase by 600000. Camel raising must not only be socially acceptable, but also economically viable, so management of camel farming must be taken into consideration to increase the farmer income. This study aimed to clarify the performance of production as well as trade of camel population and products in some Middle East countries. Data were collected by FAO statistics (FAO, 2011) which is available online through this organization's formal website for the period of 2000 to 2010. As a result, there has been a growing tendency to meet demand, particularly for milk, through imports. Thus, understanding the interrelationships and conflicts between objectives and policies is a critical step towards designing and implementing more effective incentive systems. It was concluded that the meat and dairy production system of camel in the Middle East countries, especially Iran, regrettably received little attention because of unknown profit abilities of this animal.
Production and Management of Camel
The camel, without exaggeration, is the most ignored among the domestic ruminants in Pakistan. This is as much true in terms of lack of efforts to improve its care and productivity as it is in terms of lack of any planned research on it. Had it been an unproductive and a useless animal, its population would have gradually diminished, but it is the other way round. Its population is steadily growing. On papers, its population is being shown as stagnating, but most probably it is not so. On the international scene, there seems now a growing awakening in respect of the camel. At places, it has been termed as a 'food security animal'. In Pakistan too, some teaching institutions have taken an initiative and have incorporated "Camel Production" in their teaching courses. No doubt, it is a very timely step. Scientists from Germany, England, India, Australia and UAE have published books on camel. These are, of course, good books but as usual their prices are prohibitive for our students, extension workers and even for teachers. Moreover, these books contain a little information about camels in Pakistan. Therefore, an easy-to-understand book on 'Production and Management of Camels' using a question-answer format, has been compiled. This should provide ready-made answers to so many questions simmering in the minds of students, teachers, researchers and extension specialists. It embodies about 400 questions along with their answers. The book discusses the distribution of camels in different continents/countries, breeds and types of camels with cross reference to other species, nutritional physiology and reproductive management, the way camels adapt to hot arid environment, milk and meat production and work performance, practical management and training of camels, marketing, health care and some diseases, including valuable information on several other aspects. Camel breeds and camel raising practices in Pakistan have been adequately discussed. We feel great pleasure in acknowledging the hard work done by so many researchers/authors/editors, whose published information has been used, mostly as such, in compiling the book under reference. Their efforts have been amply acknowledged in the text/tables/figures etc. It was beyond our means to individually contact them in this regard. We are highly thankful to Akhter Saeed MD for providing us useful literature from abroad. We are equally thankful to Dr. Ghulam Muhammad, Chairman CMS, UAF, for his cooperation in providing pertinent literature. Ch Sikander Hayat and Nawaz Ahmed Sipra also deserve our heart-felt appreciation for helping us out of many problems pertinent to the publication of this book. No book has ever been claimed to be perfect in all respects and so is this one. The readers are requested to convey in writing their suggestions about omissions/shortcomings noticed in this book. Their suggestions would not go unnoticed.
Production and Marketing of Camel Products in Semi-Desert and Desert Areas of Pakistan
he study was designed to analyze the production and marketing of camel products in the semi-desert and desert areas of Pakistan. It is based on cross-sectional data collected through simple random sampling technique in April, 2011 from 220 camel farmers and 17 market intermediaries. It is found that both camel farmers and market intermediaries were less educated. It is observed that markets for camel milk, meat, hides and hair are less established in semi desert and desert areas of the country. Mean production of milk per farm household was 5.4 and 6.5 liters per day in summer and winter seasons, respectively; however, none of the surveyed farmers reported milk sale. During last one year, sales of camel hides and hair were reported by few farmers (6% each). Mean purchase price of camel hides reported by shopkeepers in nearby town markets were higher than village level prices by 74.6 % and even more in case of hair. This is an indicative of camel farmers' exploitation by the village dealers. Mean quantity of hair sales was about 20 kg per farm per annum. Camel hair are also used by the farmers for making ropes, rugs and blankets, but all these byproducts are not marketed. Shares of farmers in the consumer rupee for camel meat, milk, hides and hair were about 61%, 75%, 52% and 26%, respectively. Keeping in view poor status of camel products' markets, development of proper marketing system and structure for camel products by involving camel farmers and other local stakeholders is recommended to benefit the local communities by ameliorating supply of camel products in local markets.
The marketing system of live-camels and camel products in the desert ecologies of Pakistan
This study was designed to examine the marketing systems of live-camels and camel products in the desert ecologies of Pakistan. Two hundred and twenty camel farmers and forty market intermediaries were randomly interviewed during April – May 2011for data collection. The data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). During the span of the past one year, sale of live camels was reported by more than half of the camel farmers as, on average, two camels per farm to meet family cash needs. Mean ages of adult male, milking female and non-milking female, male young stock and female young stock at the time of sale were 8.3, 10.8, 12.3, 1.8 and 2.3 years with average sale price of 102523, 84643, 57800, 43215 and 45833 rupees, respectively. High marketing costs and lack of proper market infrastructure/facilities compel farmers to sell camels at village level to the village dealers and fellow farmers at relatively low prices. Percent difference in prices at wholesale...
Economic importance of camel: a unique alternative under crisis
Pakistan Veterinary …
Increasing human population in the world has arisen the issue of food security. In order to combat with this issue, there is need to explore a new world of resources. Camel can serve the best useful addition to the food supply chain in terms of milk, meat and other products. Dromedary camel is found in Pakistan and its population is highest in Baluchistan (41%). In Pakistan, there are 21 breeds of camel. The main two types are riverine and mountainous. Camels are of vital socioeconomic importance in the country as people use it for drawing water from wells, ploughing and leveling land, working mini-mills for oil extraction, grinding wheat, corn and other grains and for crushing sugarcane, and pulling carts for the transportation of goods as well as people. Well-fed camel can yield 10-15L milk per day. Camel milk can also be used for making yogurt, kurth, butter, ghee, rabbri and khoa. Meat, hides and hair are useful by-products of camel. Camel farming will be beneficial for farmers when proper marketing infrastructure is established. Also, standard procedures for the classification and identification of camel breeds for different purposes need more attention. Camel ranching schemes and collaborative research approach are need of the hour. These measures can lead us to utilize this novel animal as a natural resource for coping food demand of ever increasing population.
Constraints Perceived by Camel Owners Related to Management and Marketing Practices
International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 2021
Majority of the world's camel population is of dromedary type except small population of Bactrian camels in central Asia (Simenew et al., 2013). There are about 35 million of camel according to FAO in which 2.5 lakh are in India (Anonymous, 2019). Camel is one of the important components of the desert ecosystem from time immemorial and is also designated as the “Ship of the desert”. Humans depend on camel not just for meat, milk and hide but also as one of the most important mode of transport in the desert. Camels play an important socio-economic role within the pastoral and agricultural system in arid and semi-arid zones of Asia and Africa (Gwida et al., 2011). Camels contribute significantly to the livelihood of the pastoralist and agro-pastoralists living in the harsh environments (Tura et al., 2010). There are many communities and pastoralist International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 10 Number 01 (2021) Journal homepage: http:/...
Peri-urban Camel (Camelus dromendarius) Production System in Saudi Arabia: A note
Several livestock production systems, ranging from nomadic, semi-nomadic, transhumant, agro pastoral to different forms of sedentary small holder and large scale commercial units ,exist in Africa and Asia. Several factors natural or man-made, beside some socio-economic changes have caused resources degradation and resulted in production systems disruption. In Saudi Arabia camel plays multiple central roles to livelihood and culture of the nomadic people notably provision of milk, meat , race and coat purposes, and source of income from sale of live camel and camel show (Mazayen) .Thus ,camels play an important role in this country. Camel production system in Saudi Arabia was affected by the socio-economic changes that took place after the petroleum era which attracts the Bedouins to settle in urban areas. With the aid of cars and vehicles, they can look after their herds around cities and towns where they live nowadays, in addition to the increasing demand in camel milk by growing urbanized population, stimulating the development of peri-urban camel dairy production. Systems of urban and peri-urban agriculture (UPA) take many forms in terms of integration of different activities, production intensities and production orientations. The present study is aimed at a re¿ned characterization of the diversity in terms of production orientation, resource endowments and production strategies of the different types camel production with special emphasis on peri-urban camel production system in Saudi Arabia
Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture, 2020
A field survey involving 62 camel butchers from Souf region the Algerian northern Sahara was implemented in order to establish a typology of camel butcher and collect data on camel meat marketing, the diversity in marketing practices and camel meat marketplace. The collected data allowed to identify 4 homogeneous groups of butchers well distinguished between them after cluster analysis. (specialized young camel butchers, non-specialized rural butchers, traditional non-specialized urban butchers, modern and old urban specialized butchers). The present study confirmed the predominance of beef meat compared to camel meat among consumers, camel meat consumption being less successful in its environment. In-depth studies on camel meat sector are mandatory to identify the bottlenecks invalidating the promotion of the camel meat consumption.
Camel Production Prospects in the Arab Countries
2012
The Arab world possesses a varied and rich livestock wealth that qualify it to be in the forefront of the world in animal production. The estimated numbers offarm animals in 2010 is around 364.1 million head belonging to the following five animal species; sheep, goats, cows, camels, buffalo, in addition to the family Equidae, which account in nwnbers approximately to 46.9%, 27.8%, 17.8%, 4.2%, 1.2%, 2.2%, respectively. In addition to birds (chickens, turkeys, ducks, geese, and pigeons) and rabbits. This wealth contributes to about 20-30% of the value of the national agricultural economy in the Arab countries according to the axis of the economic and social life and sports in the pastoral, desert and semi-desert areas. These animal resources provide relative stability and employment opportunities for a significant proportion of the population. Although many diversified animal genetic and agricultural resources do exist in the Arab world, however, they are still insufficient, in productivity, to cover the needs of the local population in animal protein requirements for many reasons. Also the efforts of improvement-if any-were not effective in improving the productive and reproductive performance of these resources. In addition to that, some of those species, especially the distinctive, arrived to the point of extinction. On the basis of the tole of the Arab Center for the Studies of Arid Zones and Dry Lands (ACSAD), as one of the organizations of joint Arab action in the field of agricultural development, both vegetation and animal, decided to implement a project aimed to assess and improve the camel milk production and marketing of in three Arab countries, namely Algeria, Morocco and Sudan. This project is funded by a small grant offered by the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), Therefore, I'm honored to present to you this booklet, which includes the scientific papers presented at the second coordination meeting of the Steering Committee for the project "assessment and improving camel milk production and marketing in some Arab countries" which was held in Rabat, Morocco during the period from April 29 th to May 3 rd , 2012.