Tribological Assessment of Aluminum Cylinder Material for Piston Compressors in Trucks and Buses Brake Systems (original) (raw)
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Aluminum gained in importance as a material for lightweight design of reciprocating engines and compressors. The application of aluminum alloys contributes to lower fuel consumption and exhaust emissions. The benefit of using aluminum is evident due to the reduced weight of the parts, but in parallel there is a problem due to the lower strength of this metal. Surface texturing and oils of low viscosity are used successfully to improve the tribological characteristics of sliding parts. For research purposes, the inner surface of cylinder which was produced of aluminum was reinforced by integrating tribological inserts. Their task is to reduce friction and wear between the piston and cylinder and to increase strength of the cylinder liner. Tribological optimization was made on the basis of the measurement results of the coefficient of friction. It is confirmed that the tribological properties of the cylinder with the tribological reinforcements are more optimal, compared to the case of aluminum construction (coating or honing of the cylinder liner). For this purpose is currently being brought into operation the test bench in the Laboratory for Engines as well as Tribology of the Faculty of Engineering University of Kragujevac.
Tribology in industry, 2023
The tendency to use aluminum alloys to replace conventional gray cast irons (GCI) materials in engine blocks of passenger cars is gaining more and more importance driven by reduction of engine weight to achieve expectation for lowering fuel consumption and CO₂ emissions. In this work the tribological effect of new produced aluminum engine cylinder liner is compared with the conventional cast iron the cylinder bore for friction, lubrication and wearresistance. Their tribological performance was evaluated through a reciprocating tribometer, using steel ball (100 CR6) on an aluminum and cast iron Diesel engine cylinder liners with 5W-40 engine oil to investigate their wear and friction behavior in boundary lubrication regime. There is a great effect of the roughness of machining marks (honing) on the surface of the liner. Although the same honing type was applied on both liner sleeves, aluminum liner presented less wear track, less roughness smoother surface related to cast iron liner. Repeated friction tests presented almost similar coefficient of friction data. Friction and wear comparison is well determined and the rubbed surfaces as well as all additives were analyzed through 2D-3D roughness digital optical microscopy, SEM-EDX analysis.
Investigations and Analysis of Tribological Properties for Engineering Materials
2012
M. Ateeb Razvi, Dr. Ashesh Tiwari Abstract— Literature data and original research in the field of the technology and tribology for the properties of various engineering materials are investigated. Tribology is defined as the science and technology of Interacting surfaces in relative motion and of associated subjects and practice. It was coined after the Greek word “tribos” which means “rubbing”. Tribology is an interdisciplinary f ield ranging from fundamental research to industrial applications. In order to analyze the nature of the engineering materials experiments were conducted with the help of Pin-on-Disc friction and wear Apparatus. The behaviour like friction and wear are discussed with the load parameter. The comaparative analysis is also completed in between the materials seaparated by heat treatment.
Tribology in Industry Tribological Principles of Constructing the Reciprocating Machines
Reducing vehicle weight contributes to reducing fuel consumption and exhaust emissions. In practice, this is achieved by application of lightweight materials and through optimization of tribo-systems on the vehicle. The benefit of using aluminium is evident due to the reduced mass of the parts, but in parallel there is a problem due to the low strength of this metal. This is especially evident during overheating when can form cracks. The wear resistance and tribo-properties of aluminium are the problem, too. To achieve the strength and tribo-properties of aluminium alloys similar to grey cast iron, we applied eco-tribological knowledge during construction of reciprocating machines. The result of researches is patented prototype of aluminium piston and cylinder whose contact surfaces are coated or modified with inserts based on the tribo-materials.
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Materials & Design, 2014
Wear is closely related to friction and lubrication; the study of these three subjects is known as tribology. In science and technology it is concerned with interacting surfaces in relative motion. Soft or hard film coating, alloying and composite structuring have all been developed to control wear and friction. This is achieved by improving materials and surfaces with some characteristics that improve resistance to friction and wear. In recent years, several new solid lubricant and modern lubrication concepts have been developed to achieve better lubricity and longer wear life in demanding tribological applications. Most of the traditional solid lubricants were prepared in the form of metal, ceramic and polymer-matrix composites. They have been used successfully in various engineering applications. Recent progress in thin-film deposition technologies has led to the synthesis of new generations of self-lubricating coatings with composite or multilayered architectures, by using multiplex surface treatments. In this study, typical wear behaviors of representative materials of metallic alloys, ceramics, polymeric materials, and composites are reviewed in relation to their friction behaviors. Additionally, modeling for the wear prediction is outlined.
THE EFFECT OF WEAR TEST PARAMETERS ON TRIBOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ALUMINUM BASED COMPOSITES
In this paper we examined the effect of contact pressure (applied load) and relative speed in braking points on the coefficient of friction and wear of aluminum composites, sintered at 620°C for one hour in hydrogen atmosphere and after that solution treated at 515±5o C for 6 hours, quenched in water and artificial aging at 170° C for respectively 8 and 4 hours. The obtained values of tribological characteristics for studied composites (Al-4Cu/10% and Al-4Cu/15% SiC )compared with Al-4Cu alloy material and with another import sintered friction material, tested under the same conditions, shows that if the applied load increases, wear increases for all materials and friction coefficient decreases. It is noted that we obtained the lowest wear for Al-4Cu/10% SiC material, tested with a load of 0.35 MPa at a speed of 3.8 m/s, and the highest values of wear we are recorded for unreinforced aluminum alloy. The measured fiction coefficient values are in the range of 0.4-0.5 for composite ma...
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Scientists are working on the development of materials and lubricants to reduce friction as well as wear at metalto- metal interfaces having relative motion. Aluminum is a widely used metal due to its high strength to weight ratio and availability in nature as compared to other metals that are manufactured by the rolling process. The output of the product quality and quantity from the rolling process requires less energy as compared to other manufacturing processes. A tribological study has been carried at the in-situ condition for the interface of Al6061 and steel EN31 on the pin on disc setup. To analyze the effectiveness of lubricant with mating surfaces, the effect of rolling lubricant was analyzed for tribological behavior and compared with the dry condition. The coefficient of friction was reduced up to 80% and the specific wear rate was reduced up to 96% by using rolling lubricant compared to dry conditions at the interface of metals that had relative motion.
TRIBOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF PISTON‐CYLINDER SET IN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
This paper presents a wear process analysis of piston‐cylinder set in internal combustion engines.Piston mechanism is a very important factor in the proper lubrication of the engine, but also a potential cause of increased consumption of oil. There are very important kinematic ‐ tribological properties of piston mechanisms in this regard. From the point of reliability and functionality, critical parts of this circuit are the piston rings. Wear is most pronounced in the first piston ring, since it is exposed to the highest pressure and temperature, as well as the direct impact of fuel and combustion products. The intensity of wear of piston ‐ cylinder set depends on many factors, but the most influential ones are: construction, materials used for the production of the parts of this assembly, production technology and conditions of use.
Proceedings on Engineering Sciences
Transport is largely dependent on oil because the majority of transport vehicles are propelled by engines combusting petroleum products-hydrocarbon fuels. This particularly relates to road, air and water transport. Power losses in the internal combustion engines and other reciprocating machines are mainly engaged to overcome friction. If using aluminum alloys for producing of piston and cylinders in engines and compressors, the results are lower fuel consumption and exhaust emission, firstly because of lower weight and mechanical losses, too. The problems are poor tribological characteristics and lower strength of unprotected aluminum comparing with gray cast iron. For research purposes, the inner surface of cylinder which was produced of aluminum was reinforced by integrating tribological inserts. In this paper, the tribological properties of ferrous based reinforcements were analyzed and compared with aluminum alloy as a base material for cylinder liner and piston skirt in air brake compressor. The ball-on-plate CSM tribometer was used to carry out these tests under dry sliding conditions. In addition to tribological, have carried out and testing of experimental reciprocating compressor on the bench, in the laboratory for engines and compressors in Faculty of Engineering in Kragujevac.
Automotive tribology overview of current advances and challenges for the future
Tribology International, 2004
This keynote address will provide a comprehensive overview of various lubrication aspects of a typical powertrain system including the engine, transmission, driveline, and other components, as well as the integration of these lubrication and surface engineering concepts into a unified automotive powertrain system. In addition, this presentation will focus on the current status and future trends in automotive lubricants including discussion of current and anticipated future requirements of automotive engine oils. This presentation will also review the current standard ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) test methods for engine lubricants and other compilations of automotive standards. In addition to engine oil test development, industrial researchers are developing light-weight materials such as non-ferrous materials (Al, Mg) for engine and drivetrain materials to replace the current heavy-weight cast iron blocks. Recent industrial developments include high strength and high density of composite materials, high volume liquid molding and hydroforming technology, structural adhesive boding, and the ability to mold large structural components. Industrial researchers have also developed processing improvements for forming more complex stamped aluminum parts or panels, more robust stamping, and improved casting techniques. In this paper, our insights and perspectives on future trends in light-weight tribological material and nonotribology will also be reviewed. #