Treatment of wastewater originating from aquaculture and biomass production in laboratory algae bioreactor using different carbon sources (original) (raw)
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Algae are sustainable sources of biomass for fuel, food, feed and essential for their growth are light, CO2, and inorganic nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorous. The aim of our study was to explore the effect of different carbon sources on biomass accumulation in microalgae Chlorella vulgaris and its ability to remove N and P compounds during its cultivation in aquaculture wastewater. Microalgae cultivation was initiated in bioreactor from 500ml Erlenmeyer flask containing 250ml wastewater from semi closed recirculation aquaculture system. The cultures were maintained at room temperature (25-27ºC) on a fluorescent light with a light:dark photoperiod of 12 h: 12 h. The microalgae were cultivated in wastewater with two different carbon sources: carbon dioxide (2%, v/v), and sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO 3) (1.125g.l -1). The growth of strain was checked for 96 hours period. In our study C. vulgaris showed better growth in wastewater from aquaculture with bicarbonate utilization as carbo...
Production of Microalgal Biomass Using Aquaculture Wastewater as Growth Medium
Water
Aquaculture wastewater contains a huge amount of substances that can cause environmental pollution. However, microalgae can absorb these compounds and convert them into useful biomass. In this study, Chlorella minutissima was grown in the wastewater resulting from saline aquaculture. The microalgae were found to effectively utilize nitrogen and phosphorus in the wastewater for its growth. During wastewater treatment, the cell density increased almost fivefold compared to the initial value (OD680 0.502). Moreover, batch culture resulted in the maximum biomass concentration and productivity of 4.77 g/L and 0.55 g/L/day, respectively. The contents of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in wastewater decreased by 88% and over 99%, respectively. In addition, the content of N-NO3 was reduced by 88.6%, N-NO2 by 74.3%, and dissolved orthophosphates (V) by 99%. At the beginning and throughout the experiment, the content of N-NH4 in wastewater remained below 0.05 mg/L. Furthermore, a high lip...
Microalgal cultivation using aquaculture wastewater is a promising biorefinary concept for integrated biomass generation and subsequent nutrient removal. In this study, potential of aquaculture wastewater (AWW) as a nutrient substrate for cultivation of Scenedesmus obliquus, Chlorella sorokiniana and Ankistrodesmus falcatus was investigated. Nutrient removal efficiencies were also investigated for selected microalgal strains. Sodium nitrate supplementation strategy is applied to enhance the productivities of biomass, lipid, carbohydrate and protein. Biomass productivities of A. falcatus (198.46 mg L −1 d −1) with 400 mg L −1 sodium nitrate supplementation and C. sorokiniana (157.04 mg L −1 d −1) with 600 mg L −1 sodium nitrate supplementation in AWW were comparable to the synthetic medium. Comparable lipid, carbohydrates and proteins productivities were observed in microalgal biomass cultivated using AWW to the productivities in the synthetic medium. Microalgal cultivation in AWW showed removal efficiencies in the range of 86.45–98.21% for ammonia, 75.76–80.85% for nitrate, 98.52– 100% for phosphate and 42–69% for COD.
Microalgae Cultivation for Wastewater Treatment and Bioenergy Generation
CRC Press eBooks, 2023
The process of cultivation of microalgae on purified and clarified wastewater of Kuryanovo wastewater treatment plants (KWWTP) was studied. The studies were conducted on monoculture (Scenedesmus quadricauda and Chlorella sorokiniana) and on polyculture, the composition of which was formed from microalgae present in the wastewater. The authors created and investigated the columnar photobioreactor (PBR), which acted as a pilot project on the purified and clarified water of KWWTP and allowed the removal of total nitrogen and phosphorus phosphates with an efficiency of up to 90%. The formation of a stable biocenosis from 22 species of algae (with 3-4 dominant species) and 31 species of zooplankton organisms belonging to six systematic subdivisions was recorded. The optimal retention time of the microalgae polyculture for the most effective wastewater treatment has been determined. The conducted studies have shown that the depth of decomposition of ashless matter and the ultimate biogas potential of untreated microalgae biomass is 15% lower than the corresponding values obtained with digestion of activated sludge, which necessitates studies in the field of pretreatment of algal biomass. The paper shows: connections between chlorophyll-a content, algal biomass and fluorescence index F 0 and between biomass increment and Fv/Fm value.
Evaluation of microalgae production coupled with wastewater treatment
Environmental technology, 2017
In the present study the feasibility of microalgae production coupled with wastewater treatment was assessed. Continuous cultivation of Chlorella sorokiniana with wastewater was tested in lab-scale flat panel photobioreactors. Biomass productivity was determined for four dilution rates (4.32 d(-1), 3.6 d(-1), 1.8 d(-1) and 0.72 d(-1)). The productivity peak was 1.524 g l(-1)d(-1) at the dilution rate of 2.41 d(-1). Nitrogen and phosphorus removals were found to be inversely proportional to dilution rates, while COD removal was found to be 50% at all the tested conditions. The biomass obtained at the highest dilution rate was characterized for its content of lipids, proteins and pigments. The average yields of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME), protein, lutein, chlorophylls and β-carotene was 62.4 mg, 388.2 mg, 1.03 mg, 11.82 mg and 0.44 mg per gram dry biomass, respectively. Economic analysis revealed that potentially more than 70% of revenue was from the production of pigments, i.e. ...
Cultivation of microalgae utilizing wastewater substrate could form a sustainable biorefinery with double benefit of biomass generation and nutrient remediation. In this study potential of aquaculture wastewater is evaluated for cultivation of Chlorella sorokiniana in heterotrophic mode for generation of high value biomass. Nutrient removal potential is also assessed. Aquaculture wastewater with 400 mgL −1 sodium nitrate supplementation resulted in biomass productivity of 498.14 mgL −1 d −1. The biomass generated showed lipid productivity of 150.19 mgL −1 d −1 , carbohydrate productivity of 172.91 mgL −1 d −1 and protein productivity of 141.57 mgL −1 d −1. The nutrient removal efficiencies were 75.56% for ammonium, 84.51% for nitrates, 73.35% for phosphates and 71.88% for COD (chemical oxygen demand). The findings of this study underline the potential of aquaculture wastewater for production of valuable microalgal biomass which can be utilized for biofuels or feed application. This biorefinery concept also polished aquaculture wastewater which can be effectively reused.
Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science
SIrakov, I. N. and k. N. velIchkova, 2014. Bioremediation of wastewater originate from aquaculture and biomass production from microalgae species -Nannochloropsis oculata and Tetraselmis chuii. Bulg. J. Agric. Sci., 20: 66-72 The cultivation of microalgae in wastewater leads to the removing of nutrients and at the same time, produces biomass which can be further exploited as a biofuel. at the same time, Tetraselmis sp. and Nannochloropsis sp. have a high nutri-tional value, and for this reason they have been widely used as a food supply in the aquaculture industry for hatchery grown herbivores. The aim of current study was to compare the biomass accumulation of two microalgae species Nannochloropsis oculata and Tetraselmis chuii cultivated in wastewater originate from recirculation aquaculture system (raS) and explore their abilities for nitrogen and phosphorus compound removal. A bioreactor consisted of 500 ml Erlenmeyer flasks, containing 250 ml of wastewater from semi closed reci...
Journal of Applied Phycology, 2018
Microalgae have been used to remove nitrogen, phosphorus, and chemical oxygen demand (COD) from brewery wastewater (BWW). The microalga Scenedesmus obliquus was grown on BWW, using bubble column photobioreactors that operated under batch and continuous regimes. For the first time, the cell physiological status cell membrane integrity and enzymatic activity was monitored during the microalgae based BWW treatment, using flow cytometry. All the cultivations batch and continuous displayed a proportion of cells with intact membrane > 87%, although the continuous cultivations displayed a lower proportion of cells with enzymatic activity (20–40%) than the batch cultivations (97%). The dilution rate of 0.26 day−1 was the most favorable condition, since the microalgae cultivation attained the maximum biomass productivity (0.2 g ash-free dry weight day−1) and the total nitrogen and COD removal rates were the highest (97 and 74%, respectively), while the phosphorous removal rate was the third (23%).
Water
The treatment of different types of wastewater by physicochemical or biological (non-microalgal) methods could often be either inefficient or energy-intensive. Microalgae are ubiquitous microscopic organisms, which thrive in water bodies that contain the necessary nutrients. Wastewaters are typically contaminated with nitrogen, phosphorus, and other trace elements, which microalgae require for their cell growth. In addition, most of the microalgae are photosynthetic in nature, and these organisms do not require an organic source for their proliferation, although some strains could utilize organics both in the presence and absence of light. Therefore, microalgal bioremediation could be integrated with existing treatment methods or adopted as the single biological method for efficiently treating wastewater. This review paper summarized the mechanisms of pollutants removal by microalgae, microalgal bioremediation potential of different types of wastewaters, the potential application of...
Journal of Applied Phycology, 2016
The utilization of microalgae for wastewater treatment represents an attractive opportunity for wastewater valorization through the use of the produced biomass. Five strains of microalgae were isolated from municipal wastewater and grown in autoclaved and non-autoclaved effluent at 30°C and 150 μmol photons m −2 s −1 to study biomass production, nutrient removal, and the biochemical composition of the biomass. All strains reached high biomass productivity (35.6 to 54.2 mg dry weight L −1 day −1) within 4 days of batch culturing. In this period, ammonium-N and phosphate were reduced by more than 60 and 90 %, respectively. The high growth rate (0.57 to 1.06 day −1) ensured a rapid removal of nutrients and thereby a short retention time. By the fourth day of cultivation, the algal biomass contained 32 % protein, but only 11 % lipids and 18 % carbohydrates. It was found that the biomass was a suitable raw material for biogas production by anaerobic digestion. Biodigestion of obtained biomass was simulated by employing the Aspen HYSYS modeling software, resulting in methane yields comparable to those found in the literature. The elemental analysis of the algal biomass showed very low concentrations of pollutants, demonstrating the potential of use of the digestate from biodigestion as a bio-fertilizer.