Performance of Lime Kiln Dust as Cementitious Material (original) (raw)
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Utilization of cement kiln dust (CKD) in cement mortar and concrete—an overview
Resources Conservation and Recycling, 2006
Solid waste management is one of the major environmental concerns around the world. Cement kiln dust (KKD), also known as by-pass dust, is a by-product of cement manufacturing. The environmental concerns related to Portland cement production, emission and disposal of CKD is becoming progressively significant. CKD is fine-grained, particulate material chiefly composed of oxidized, anhydrous, micron-sized particles collected from electrostatic precipitators during the high temperature production of clinker. Cement kiln dust so generated is partly reused in cement plant and landfilled. The beneficial uses of CKD are in highway uses, soil stabilization, use in cement mortar/concrete, CLSM, etc.
Mechanical and hygric properties of natural hydraulic lime (NHL) mortars with additives
2015
Currently, hydraulic limes are used as binders to strengthen and repair traditional and historic masonry. For hundreds of years, additives such as pozzolans and stone dust have been used in combination with lime binders to improve the properties and durability of masonry mortars and concrete. This paper studies flexural and compressive strength, porosity, water absorption and capillary suction of natural hydraulic lime (NHL5) mortars prepared with two additions (ground granulated blastfurnace slag –GGBSand rice husk ash-RHA). Portland limestone dust was used as a filler. The mixing, curing, binder/aggregate ratio and flow were kept constant in order to attribute variation of mortar properties to the type of additive. Two additive /lime percentages were used (10% and 20%). The replacement of NHL5 with GGBS, RHA and stone dust enhances compressive and flexural strength of NHL5 mortars at 28 days. Replacement of NHL 5 by 20%GGBS increases NHL5 mortar compressive strength by 125% and ei...
Materiales de Construcción
Hydrated lime is a historic material currently used in conservation. It hardens slowly by carbonation slowing construction however, supplementary cementitious materials accelerate hardening enhancing strength. Hydrated-lime mortars with rice husk ash–RHA-; ground granulated blastfurnace slag–GGBS- and increasing amounts of two aggregates were studied. Increasing aggregate lowered strength as interfacial zones proliferate; it lowered hygric properties and raised water demand. Aggregate content/composition didn’t affect the high water retention. For the higher aggregate contents (90 days), limestone mortars are c.20% stronger than silica mortars while the (1:1) silica sand mortars are 56% stronger in flexion. Additions increased strength with little impact on hygric properties. GGBS increased strength c.six times. RHA increased strength with little impact on hygric properties due to its great specific surface and high water-demand increasing porosity. GGBS and RHA properties ruling hy...
A Review on Modified Lime based Mortars -an Alternative to Cement Mortar
The use of lime mortars in building material has been increasingly studied due to their low negative impacts on the environment and higher availability on the earth. The use of natural and other forms of fibres have been extensively used as reinforcements of the lime mortar several thousand years ago with the objective of increasing their mechanical performance. Though the introduction of Portland cements have mitigated the use of lime mortars due to their high workability and compressive strength, the application of lime mortar in construction has gained momentum in recent years due to their versatility and eco-friendly nature. Several studies have been done on the usage of fibres as reinforcements to the lime mortars to enhance their performance especially their post cracking behavior. This literature review is mainly on the prominent research works done on the lime based synthetic and natural. This review is a summary of the efforts made to highlight the extensive research works done on lime mortar and thus proves to be an effective tool for promoting further research on these sustainable building materials which orients the building industry to contribute towards the sustainable future.
International Journal of ChemTech Research, 2016
This present work aims to valorize a solid waste produced by the cement kiln,such asthe cement kiln dust (CKD) generated from the cement plant of Amran-Yemen during the production of cement.Which we substituted the clinker (cement) by the weight of it at different percentage to achieve the following objectives: *Minimize the emission of CO 2 into the atmosphere which is the main cause of the greenhouse effect and reduce the solid waste "cement kiln dust (CKD)" that were generated by the cement kiln during the production,while elaborating a new hydraulic binder friend of the environment; *Gain a percentage of energy and raw material consumed. In this paper, the possibility of using the cement kiln dust (CKD) as an addition in the production of cement and concrete has been studied. We studied the effect of adding of CKD on the physical-chemical characteristics as well as its influence on the physical properties of cement-based of CKDon one hand. In addition the effect of the CKD on the compression strength mechanical has been studied on the other hand. The obtained results showed that the solid waste (CKD) and the emissions of CO 2 were reduced according to the use of the percentage of cement kiln dust in the formulation matrix. The fineness by sieving and by the Blaine Specific Surface Area (BSSA) augmentedwhin the percentage of adding CKD also increases. The quantity mixing water is growing in function of the increase in the percentage of addition of CKD in cement. In more expansion rises when the content of the CKD increases. The setting time increases with the increased of the percentage of the CKD also. Similarly, the mechanical strengths at 2/7 and 28 decrease with the percentage of cement kiln dust in cement was augmented.
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2021
Cement mortar is a binding material that is made of cement, sand and water. In general, mixes of mortar are made of raw materials. However, using raw materials in producing mortar leads to many environmental and economic issues. One of the most common solutions to reduce these issues is replacing raw materials by waste and/or by-product materials; especially replacing cement. The aim of this research is to explore the characteristics of mortar mixes after partially replacing Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) by Cement Kiln Dust (CKD) at three percentages (10%, 20% and 30%) in terms of initial and final setting time, compressive strength and Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity (UPV). The control mortar specimen (mortar containing OPC only) results were adopted for comparison with results of mortar mixes that incorporated CKD. Results showed that increment in CKD replacement percentages led to a decrement in the compressive strength and UPV and an increment in the setting time.
Journal of Building Engineering, 2020
This study aims to investigate the effect of cement replacement with high volume fraction of ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) and cement kiln dust (CKD) on mechanical, durability and microstructural properties of cement mortar from 1day to 550 days. Compressive strength and ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) were used to evaluate the mortars' performance. Besides, statistical analyses were conducted to predict mortars' mechanical and durability performance as well as investigate the influence of mortars' properties (mixture and curing time) on their performance. The results indicated that replacing the cement with up to 60% GGBFS and CKD showed a comparable behavior to the cement after 28 days of curing onward. The statistical analysis revealed that the developed models achieved high level of agreement between the predicted and observed results with a coefficient of determination (R 2) of more than 0.97. The findings in this study announced on the development of promising binder that can be used in different construction sectors with the benefits of reducing the CO2 emissions.
Evaluating the Performance of Calcium Carbide Kiln Dust in Mortar – Initial Study
Procedia Engineering, 2015
This initial study evaluated the physical properties, setting time, density and compressive strength of Calcium Carbide Kiln Dust (CCKD) as a potential cement alternative for mortar. CCKD is the by-product of Calcium Carbide (CC) production. This byproduct leads to environmental pollutions as CCKD has no valuable and beneficial usage, hence it is disposed as landfills. This study explores the possibility of adding CCKD to mortar mixtures by replacing Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC). Six (6) mortar mixtures containing different CCKD replacements up to 40% by weight and one control mortar results are reported. The results indicated that there is a systematic increase in initial and final setting time with the decrease of density and mortar strength. The mixture compressive strength was lower than the control mortar at all ages. It can be concluded that CCKD mortar mixtures may be utilized to compensate setting rate of cement-based materials. However, more research and development, especially on optimum mix design, setting times, early strength, and durability of concrete should be carried out.
Journal of Building Engineering, 2020
• One-part earth alkaline activated dry cementitious mixture was produced using thermally activated lime kiln dust (LKD) waste material as a source of CaO activator and metakaolin and natural pozzolan as a source of aluminasilicate • The proportion of LKD and metakaolin in the ternary blend and thermal activation of LKD not only increased the reactivity but also induced higher degree of alkali-activation. • Significant increase in the rate of strength development after 28 days of curing and continued until 180 days that reached 51 MPa for increased proportion of 950ºC calcined LKD and metakaolin in the blend was revealed. • Considerable changes in mineralogy and amorphicity were evidently accredited to thermal treatment.
Tikrit Journal of Engineering Sciences
Cement Kiln Dust (CKD) is produced as a solid waste with large quantities during manufacturing of Portland cement clinker. The possibility of utilizing CKD as partial replacement for Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) and White Portland Cement (WPC) produced in factories of the Iraqi cement state company has been examined in this study to fulfil the environmental and economical aims. Different percentages of CKD were blended with OPC and WPC mixes. The results show that the amount of water for normal consistency were increased with about 39 % and 31 % for OPC and WPC blended with 25 % CKD. The setting time (initial and final) decreases with increasing percent of CKD added. Compressive strength decreases slightly with increasing CKD content up to 10 %. For 7- day curing time, it decreases 7 % and 9 % for OPC and WPC mixes, respectively. As percent of added CKD increases to more than 10 %, the compressive strength and other parameters where affected significantly. Overall results proved t...