Rearing enhancement of Ovalipes trimaculatus (Crustacea: Portunidae) zoea I by feeding on Artemia persimilis nauplii enriched with alternative microalgal diets (original) (raw)
Related papers
Aquaculture, 2008
Introduction of formulated diet particles for larval culture will simplify hatchery protocols and promote consistent survival, while decreasing total operating costs. The blue swimmer crab, Portunus pelagicus, is a commercially important species with substantial aquaculture potentials in the Indo-Pacific region. Feeding trials aimed at investigating protein nutrition of P. pelagicus larvae were undertaken with the megalopae instar. Microbound diets (MBD) with four different dietary protein sources (fish meal, squid meal, krill meal and soybean meal) were formulated and fed to newly molted megalopae until they metamorphosed to the first crab stage. Thirty megalopae were reared individually for each dietary treatment, with the addition of two control treatments of megalopae fed live Artemia nauplii and an unfed treatment.Survival was high for all fed treatments (73.3–93.3%), while total mortality was recorded for the unfed control. Megalopae fed the fish meal based MBD demonstrated higher survival than that of megalopea fed live Artemia, suggesting that MBD have the potential to completely replace live food for the culture of P. pelagicus megalopae without adversely affecting their survival. These results also suggest that P. pelagicus megalopae are able to adapt to a range of dietary protein sources. For megalopae fed live Artemia nauplii, mean development time was significantly shorter (4.0 ± 0.4 days) and the mean carapace width and dry weight of newly settled first stage crabs were significantly greater, (3.1 ± 0.0 mm, 1.3 ± 0.1 mg, respectively) than megalopae in all other fed treatments. Among MBD treatments, no significant difference in mean development time was detected, however, the mean carapace width of crabs that metamorphosed from megalopae fed fish meal based MBD (2.8 ± 0.0 mm) was larger than those fed squid meal based MBD (2.6 ±0.0 mm) and the mean dry weight of individuals fed fish meal based MBD (0.87 ± 0.04 mg) was also significantly heavier than those fed soybean meal based MBD (0.72 ± 0.04 mg). The outcome of this research provides valuable information regarding protein requirements of P. pelagicus megalopae and will aid in optimising formulated diet particles for potential use in commercial hatcheries.
Aquaculture, 2004
As an important step toward development of a formulated diet for hatchery culture of the mud crab, Scylla serrata, this paper reports on laboratory experiments to assess the potential of a microbound diet (MBD) as a replacement for Artemia nauplii fed to megalopal larvae of S. serrata. The effects of different proportions of dietary MBD and Artemia on survival and moulting success of megalopa to the crab stage were investigated. In the first experiment, megalopae were reared communally and fed either 100% MBD, 100% Artemia or different combinations of the two (75%:25%, 50%:50%, 25%:75%). The experiment was terminated when all larvae had either metamorphosed or died. Larvae fed a combination of 25% MBD and 75% Artemia consistently showed the highest survival among all treatments throughout the experiment. Survival of larvae fed 100% MBD was the lowest early in the experiment but improved to become the second highest toward the end of the culture period. Overall survival of larvae fed 100% MBD did not differ significantly from that of larvae fed 100% Artemia. Moulting to the crab stage began on day 7 for larvae in the treatment receiving a 50%:50% combination of MBD and Artemia. On day 8, all larvae in treatments receiving greater than 25% MBD had some first stage crabs. Larvae fed Artemia only were the last to moult to the juvenile crab stage, but moulting occurred simultaneously on day 10. Because of cannibalism observed in the first experiment, a second experiment was conducted where megalopae were reared individually and fed either 100% Artemia or 100% MBD. Ninety percent of larvae from both treatments successfully moulted to the crab stage. Again, megalopae fed MBD began moulting 1 day ahead of those fed Artemia. The results of these studies show that the MBD used contained all necessary nutrients to sustain successful moulting of S. serrata megalopae to the 0044-8486/$ -see front matter D Aquaculture 236 (2004) 497 -509 crab stage. The acceptability of MBD by S. serrata larvae suggests significant potential for using the MBD in future experiments to investigate larval nutritional requirements of this commercially important crab species. Indeed, the more rapid moulting of larvae fed MBD in both experiments suggests that the MBD may have contained certain beneficial nutrients that were not provided by Artemia alone. The fact that no significant differences in survival between megalopae fed 100% MBD and those fed 100% Artemia in both communal and individual rearing experiments suggests that total replacement of Artemia with MBD is possible for S. serrata megalopae. This could result in substantial savings in operating costs for S. serrata hatcheries.
MDEGQ
The aim of this research was to study the feed acceptability, survival and growth performance of blue swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus, Linnaeus 1758) fed with different diets: fish, jellyfish, worm and worm compost. Another goal was to examine the possibility of using different cheaper diets- worm, compost and jellyfish as supplementary or additional diets for culturing of blue swimming crabs. Crabs, with an initial average body weight of 59g, after being fed with fish (mackerel) for 3 weeks had the highest body weight gain (16.02%), feeding rate (69.79%), specific growth rate (1.23%/day), carapace length growth rate (11.28%) and carapace width growth rate (14.56%); crabs fed with worm (Eisenia fetida) had moderate body weight gain (10.05%), feeding rate (55.65%), specific growth rate (0.78%/day), carapace length growth rate (9.09%) and carapace width growth rate (8.07%). On the other hand side, crabs fed with jellyfish (Aurelia aurita) and worm compost diets showed lower but more or less same body weight gain (3.78% and 2.8% respectively), feeding rate (36.8 and 35.41% respectively), specific growth rate (0.3 and 0.22%/day respectively), carapace length growth rate (6.87 and 4.55% respectively) and carapace width growth rate (3.99 and 4.5% respectively). Crabs fed with worm had the highest survival rate (87%) than crabs fed with other diets. Nevertheless, no significant differences in survival and carapace length growth rate of crabs from different diet treatments were found. All crabs from different treatments those were provided different cheaper diets accepted all the diets and showed positive growth performance. Keywords: portunus pelagicus, feed acceptability, supplementary diets, survival, growth performance
Use of microbound diets for larval culture of the mud crab, Scylla serrata
Aquaculture, 2006
Routine commercial production of mud crab seed is currently restricted by our limited understanding of the nutritional requirements of Scylla spp. as well as problems commonly associated with the live foods used in mud crab hatcheries. This study investigated the use of microbound diet (MBD) particles as a food source for megalopa and zoea III stage larvae of Scylla serrata. In the first experiment, the nutritional value of four MBD containing dried rotifers, Artemia meal, fish meal or squid meal were evaluated for megalopa reared individually in 250-ml aquaria. Survival of MBD-fed megalopa to the first crab stage ranged from 46.7% to 60.0% with those fed MBD containing fish meal or squid meal showing higher survival than those fed MBD containing Artemia meal or dried rotifers. Larvae fed live Artemia showed the highest survival (80%), while unfed megalopa did not survive to the first crab stage. There were no significant differences (P > 0.05) in the average time required for megalopa to reach the first crab stage when fed any of the four MBD. However, shortest development time was recorded for larvae fed live Artemia. In a second experiment, zoea III larvae were cultured communally at a density of 25 larvae l − 1 and were fed either 100% live Artemia nauplii, 100% MBD or a 50%:50% combination of MBD and Artemia. Highest survival (66%) and development rate to the zoea IV stage were recorded for larvae fed the 50%:50% combination of MBD and Artemia. Some successful molts were also found among larvae fed MBD exclusively, while total mortality was observed in unfed (control) replicates. The results indicate that the experimental MBD may contain certain beneficial nutrients lacking in Artemia and that co-feeding the MBD with Artemia may enhance larval survival and development. However, they also show that total replacement of live food with the experimental MBD will result in poor survival of zoea III larvae of S. serrata. The results indicate great potential for the use of MBD particles as dietary components for both zoea and megalopa stages of S. serrata. These findings have important implications for the eventual development of cost-effective and reliable hatchery techniques for mud crabs.
Development and Evaluation of Diets for Crustacean Aquaculture
Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, 1986
Effective purified and unrefined diets have been developed and evaluated for use in studying the nutrition of lobsters (Homnrus sp.). A 4-month growth experiment showed that the purified diets yielded weight increases nearly 80% of that achieved on a live food diet, with concomitant high survival rates. Lower-cost unrefined diets supported growth over half of that observed on live food diets. Supplementation of a purified diet with an astaxanthin concentrate derived from crayfish waste enhanced growth significantly, and all the diets tested promoted growth and survival with only 0.2% dietary cholesterol.
Deleted Journal, 2024
Blue swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus) is one of the most important commodities of softshell industry. Besides mud crab its demand as feed is increasing day by day. As a coastal dominant country, Bangladesh has a great feasibility of this species in culture, production, use and export. However, the production contribution from Bangladesh is still from natural sources and far behind in terms of farming, culture and production. Optimization of larval rearing techniques is therefore important to develop intensive hatchery rearing technique for this species. So, this study is aimed to develop larvae production technique of Portunus pelagicus with a better survival rate. Newly hatched first zoeal of Portunus pelagicus were reared using three different diets till second zoeal stage: (Treatment 1= Artemia franciscana umbrella + Rotifer (Brachionus rotundiformis); Treatment 2= Rotifer (B. rotundiformis) and Treatment 3= Artemia franciscana umbrella). Then, Artemia franciscana nauplii were used for all three treatments till they metamorphosed to crab instar. Regularly, water quality parameters were monitored and maintained and the survival and molting to next stages was observed. The result showed that, all the hatched zoea of P. pelagicus could successfully turns into crab instar stage under all the treatment applied, but the highest survival rate 6.08% was found in case of treatment 2 followed by 0.58%, 0.91%, respectively in treatment 1 and 3. In terms of metamorphosis, it took more than 15 and 14 days respectively from zoea 1 to metamorphose into megalopa for treatments 1 and 3, whereas metamorphosis from zoea 1 to megalopa in treatment 2 finished at the 12 th day with a higher Larval Stage Index (LSI) value which was 4.9. Finally, at the 15 th day larvae were metamorphosed into crablet for treatment 2 and 18 and 16 days required for metamorphosis into crablets for treatment 1 and 3, respectively. However, the larval feed showed a significant effect on growth and survival of P. pelagicus larvae, whereas the earlier larval stage of P. pelagicus rearing with Rotifer (B. rotundiformis) is found as the most suitable diet.
Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, 2017
The effect of three mono-specific and four combinations of the diatoms Chaetoceros muelleri, Chaetoceros calcitrans, and the chlorophyte Tetraselmis suecica on survival, development, and dry weight of the western school prawn, Metapenaeus dalli, was assessed from protozoea I until mysis I. The development and dry weight of larvae were significantly greater when fed diets comprising C. muelleri and/or T. suecica. A fourth diet, consisting of all three microalgal species also performed just as well. Survival alone was a poor measure of the performance of the various diets. Larvae fed with C. calcitrans, either alone or in a mixed diet with either C. muelleri or T. suecica, had significantly slower development and lower dry weight. Overall performance, assessed using the normalized biomass development index, determined that both mono-specific and mixed diets containing C. muelleri and T. suecica were among the best for M. dalli larvae. These results for M. dalli are consistent with those found for commercially grown penaeid prawns. This study enhances the limited knowledge on the feeding requirements of metapenaeid prawn larvae. Moreover, the results will help improve hatchery methods for the aquaculture-based enhancement of M. dalli in the Swan-Canning Estuary and potentially increase the abundance of this iconic recreational species.
2017
The effect of three mono-specific and four combinations of the diatoms Chaetoceros muelleri, Chaetoceros calcitrans, and the chlorophyte Tetraselmis suecica on survival, development, and dry weight of the western school prawn, Metapenaeus dalli, was assessed from protozoea I until mysis I. The development and dry weight of larvae were significantly greater when fed diets comprising C. muelleri and/or T. suecica. A fourth diet, consisting of all three microalgal species also performed just as well. Survival alone was a poor measure of the performance of the various diets. Larvae fed with C. calcitrans, either alone or in a mixed diet with either C. muelleri or T. suecica, had significantly slower development and lower dry weight. Overall performance, assessed using the normalized biomass development index, determined that both mono-specific and mixed diets containing C. muelleri and T. suecica were among the best for M. dalli larvae. These results for M. dalli are consistent with those found for commercially grown penaeid prawns. This study enhances the limited knowledge on the feeding requirements of metapenaeid prawn larvae. Moreover, the results will help improve hatchery methods for the aquaculture-based enhancement of M. dalli in the Swan-Canning Estuary and potentially increase the abundance of this iconic recreational species.
World Applied Sciences …, 2012
A study was conducted with newly hatched larvae of blue swimming crab, Portunus pelagicus reared in six different treatments. Treatment 1 larvae was fed with rotifer only at zoea 1 to megalopa stages, Treatment 2 larvae was fed with Artemia only at zoea 1 to megalopa stages and Treatment 3 larvae was fed with rotifer at zoea 1 to megalopa stages with Artemia at zoea 2 to megalopa stages. Meanwhile in Treatment 4, rotifer was given at zoea 1 to megalopa stages with Artemia at zoea 3 to megalopa stages and in Treatment 5 larvae was fed with rotifer at zoea 1 to megalopa stages and Artemia at zoea 4 to megalopa stages for Portunus pelagicus larvae. In Treatment 6 larvae was fed with rotifer at zoea 1 to megalopa stages and Artemia at megalopa stages. Result shows that there was higher survival rate of zoea 2 stages of larval on the Treatment 1 in the diet whilst Treatment 2 suffered high mortality. The highest survival rate and growth rate was obtained in Treatment 3. There was no significant difference (P=1.0; P>0.05) between the mean values of development duration for all treatment except for Treatment 3 where the development from zoea 4 to megalopa stages was 1 day faster. Based on results, further experiments should be done to evaluate differential nutritional composition when larvae are reared in large quantity for mass seed production.
The present study was conducted on Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man) larvae to estimate the effectiveness of different diets to replace Artemia nauplii in the feeding system. The study included two experiments performed at pilot scale in 12–l tanks using a recirculating system. Larval stocking density was 100 l–1. After 10 days of feeding by Artemia nauplii, different diets included wet and dry diets (Egg custard, Artemia flakes and Higashi Maru No-3 feed) and de-capsulated Artemia cysts, were tested to replace Artemia nauplii. In a control treatment using only de-capsulated Artemia cysts throughout the complete larval rearing was also included. The results showed that feeding larvae exclusively de-capsulated cysts for the complete rearing cycle was not suitable. When gradually replacing up to 50% of the Artemia nauplii ratio with wet or dry diets, good results in terms of growth, survival and quality of the larvae were obtained, similar to the control treatment receiving only Artemia nauplii. However, immediately replacing 50% of the Artemia nauplii ratio with artificial diets negatively affected larval development. Addition of artificial feed could start from larval stage VI, with about 25% of the Artemia nauplii replaced with artificial diet. Subsequently, the addition ratio could be increased up to 50% from stage VIII to postlarvae stage. Artificial diets should be provided in different particle size ranges based on the acceptance of larvae, larval stage, gradually increasing from 250 to 1000 μm from stage VI to postlarvae stage. The results obtained in the present work may also helpful for the replacement for different diets for economical aspects of the hatchery operations.