Study on the VOC Emission from Adhesive (2) (original) (raw)
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Analyses of Exergy and Environmental Impact on Bio-H2 Production System Using 2-step PSA
Journal of the Japan Institute of Energy, 2018
2-step PSA 導入した Bio-H 2 製造プロセスに対するエクセルギー解析及び環境影響評価 近藤頌大 † ，永石 平，堂脇清志 In recent years, technological development of fuel cells has progressed, and hydrogen demand for the fuel is expanding. However, since fossil fuel is mainly used as the energy source for hydrogen, from the viewpoint of life cycle assessment (LCA), even if hydrogen is used as energy, it contributes to the emission of greenhouse gases. Therefore, we have been developing biomass-derived hydrogen (Bio-H 2) production process. It was deemed that the hydrogen purification process (PSA; pressure swing adsorption) had the most environmental impact. as a solution to that, we developed a 2-step PSA. However, the effective use of energy and the environmental impact in the Bio-H 2 production process that introduced 2-step PSA have not been conducted. Therefore, in order to verify the effective use of energy and the environmental impact of the process, we designed Bio-H 2 production process using 2-step PSA based on gasification and purification experimental data, and evaluate the effectiveness of energy use of the process using the exergy analysis. In addition, we assessed the environmental impact of the process using LCA analysis. As a result, it was shown that the exergy efficiency of the 2-step PSA case could be improved by 1.7 points over that of the conventional PSA case. Furthermore, compared to the conventional PSA case, LCA analysis resolved that consumption of fossil fuel would be reduced in the case of 2-step PSA case, and the effect of global warming be greatly reduced. By using the evaluation method integrating the exergy analysis and the environmental impact assessment, which was newly proposed in this paper, we believe that it should contribute to promoting technology development of energy conversion process derived from renewable energy.
Journal of The Japan Institute of Electronics Packaging, 2018
Our previous study showed that adhesive strength can be expressed as a constant value of the intensity of singular stress field (ISSF) by using two-dimensional modelling. In this paper, by considering the threedimensional (3D) geometry, the mesh-independent technique proposed in our previous study is applied to evaluate the ISSF distributions along the side of a butt-joint interface. The results show that the critical ISSF distributions are almost the same and are independent of the adhesive thickness. The validity of the 2D modelling is confirmed through the present analysis.
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Various studies were conducted to improve antibacterial properties of compounded papers using wasted green tealeaves prepared by a paper-making technique. The research included the elucidation of a cause of low antibacterial activity. Different binders and different degrees of grinding wasted tealeaves were tested with no effect on antibacterial properties of compounded papers using wasted green tealeaves. However, when a suspension of pulp and wasted tealeaves was air-dried and used to prepare a compounded paper, the compounded paper was found to have excellent antibacterial properties. The result indicated a cause for the low antibacterial activity of compounded papers using wasted green tealeaves prepared by the paper-making technique. That is, catechins abundant in wasted green tealeaves dissolved in water when ground and ran off with waste water during the paper-making process without settling in compounded papers. To confirm that, liquid from a mass-colloider used for wet-grinding wasted tealeaves was sampled and filtered. The filtrate was dropped onto a 100 wt% pulp paper. No viable bacterial cell was found in the pulp paper to which more than 1.0 ml/g of the filtrate was applied ; the result showed that the liquid possessed good antibacterial properties. In other words, the liquid was confirmed to possess a high antibacterial activity. In paper making by the paper-making technique, aluminum sulfate was added to a suspension of pulp and ground, wasted tealeaves in order to readily settle catechins contained in liquid resulting from grinding wasted tealeaves in compounded papers using wasted tealeaves. The result revealed that a 2.70 wt% addition of aluminum sulfate to compounded papers using wasted green tealeaves improved antibacterial properties of the papers.