Factors of variability in the accumulation of waste in a mountain region of southern Poland (original) (raw)

Factors of Changes in Waste Management in a Mountain Region of Southern Poland

Journal of Ecological Engineering

The aim of the work was to analyse the changes in the effectiveness of municipal waste management for the period 2009-2015, in one of the largest counties in the mountainous region of southern Poland. Socio-demographic factors, as well as changes as a result of the implementation of the provisions of Directive 1999/31/WE and Directive 2008/98/EC into Polish legislation, are considered. Over the period of seven years, there was a significant increase in the amount of municipal waste generated in the county of 32%, with a simultaneous increase in the number of inhabitants and a decrease in the number of individuals registered as unemployed. An increase in the amount of waste that is non-selectively collected and the number of properties covered by collections of municipal waste occurred before there were any changes in waste management. However, after the changes, the amount of six types of waste selectively collected (paper and cardboard, plastic, metal, bulky, WEEE) increased, with a significant 40% share of glass waste reference to the selectively collected waste. This may result from the changes in waste management. However, over the whole research period, more than 80% of waste was non-selectively collected, which may result from a lack of ecological awareness.

Assessment of changes in the municipal waste accumulation in Poland

Environmental Science and Pollution Research

The aim of the work was to assess the effectiveness of municipal waste management in Poland over the period 2012–2017, considering the accumulation of waste collected selectively and non-selectively per capita and the changes resulting from the implementation of Directives 1999/31/EC and 2008/98/EC in Polish legislation. Within 6 years, noticeable changes in the country initiated by the EU and national legislation indicated an increase in the amount of waste to be recovered. However, the achieved efficiency of limiting the deposited waste at the level of 20% was moderate, despite the existence of infrastructure allowing for increased recovery. The analysis of the efficiency of waste management showed a certain convergence of the increase in the amount of generated waste and gross domestic product (GDP). On the other hand, the increase in accumulated organic waste per capita in all three dimensions of time was the most significant and exceeded 20%.

Assessment of the Changes in the Economy of Municipal Waste in Poland After 2004

New Trends in Production Engineering, 2018

The aim of European Union policy is to implement the principles of sustainable development, in which particularly important are: environmental protection and rational management of resources. Major role is given to waste management and appropriate prioritization of activities in this area. The main goal of waste management is prevention, minimization and elimination of wastes “at source”, as well as encouraging efficient use of natural resources through recovery and recycling of waste. Storage process should be minimalized over the years until the complete elimination. As shown by statistics data, unfortunately in Poland, the process is very slow. The analysis of the data provided by the Central Statistical Office (CSO) over the last thirteen years shows a significant increase in the level of recovery and recycling of municipal waste. All together it was 11.654 million Mg of municipal waste collected in 2016. Wastes selected from municipal waste (paper, glass, plastics, metals) acco...

Municipal Waste Management in Poland Compared to Other European Union Countries

Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae

The paper discusses the current state of municipal waste management in Poland compared to other European Union countries. It indicates the amounts of municipal waste generated over the last few years in Poland and other EU countries. The paper compares waste treatment methods in Poland and Europe, such as recycling, composting, thermal treatment and waste disposal. An analysis of municipal waste processing installations in Poland is presented. The trends in the municipal waste management system in recent years have also been described. In the field of municipal waste management in Poland, there have been significant changes. The amount of waste sent to landfills has decreased, and the amount of waste recovered and recycled has increased. These changes are positive and reflect the development of municipal waste management systems in other EU countries. The article indicates the problems and directions of changes in the field of municipal waste management in Poland in the coming years...

Municipal waste recycling in big cities in Poland in the context of ecologisation

Bulletin of Geography. Socio-economic Series

The goal of the paper is to evaluate and analyse changes in selective municipal collection, recycling level, and recovery, of waste. The article indicates the Polish legislation currently in force to systematise the organisation of waste management systems. It presents the participation of selective waste collection in the total municipal waste at the voivodeship scale, as well as changes in the number of individually segregated fractions (i.e. categories of waste segregation) of selectively collected waste in Poland. Moreover, the levels of waste recycling and recovery were analysed for the country’s ten largest cities, while also showing that the cities implement accepted goals of municipal waste recovery. On the example of Warsaw, the structure of collected waste was discussed and attention was paid to the problem of quality of collected waste, which results in it being sent to sorting facilities.

Analysis of Municipal Waste Development and Management in Self-Governing Regions of Slovakia

Sustainability

In the European Union, basic strategy results from the need to provide intelligent, sustainable, and inclusive growth, along with respect to social and economic impacts of waste treatment. The paper focuses on municipal waste and its separation. Generally, within global waste management initiatives, the main goal is to minimize the negative effects of waste on the environment, as well as to increase and optimize the sources’ efficiency in the waste economy. Research on municipal waste development and its separation was done in individual regions of Slovakia to find if socially weaker regions have worse waste treatment. The results were compared according to the waste development per inhabitant and per household, as well as through rate indexes, which are connected to relationships between waste, social, and economic indexes. The results confirmed research results from other countries that show that the volume of municipal waste is increasing due to increased living standards of inha...

Analysis of Changes in Municipal Waste Management at the County Level

Journal of Ecological Engineering

The objective of the study was to identify system changes in waste management, including qualitative and quantitative changes in the Łososina Dolna County between 2012 and 2014, taking into account eleven waste streams in the period before and after the introduction of these changes on the level of the county. Differences in the county's tasks with respect to municipal waste management, which became clear after the changes, were shown along with their impact on the effectiveness of the assigned tasks related to taking over the obligations of waste collection by property owners. On this basis, a 10% growth in the quantity of collected municipal waste was noticed after the changes, as well as a 4% growth in recycled materials, in particular plastic. A drop on the level of 8.5% in the collected mixed municipal waste was considered favourable; however, a drop in the share of glass waste amounting to 5.28% and was considered as negative. In spite of the introduced changes in the municipal waste stream, the share of non-segregated waste of over 67.55% remained significant. The year of changes was characterised by relatively low value of waste accumulation index on the level of 0.26 kg• M-1 •day-1. The aim of the study was to assess the efficiency of municipal waste management in the Łososina Dolna County in comparison to system changes in waste management introduced at the end of the first and the beginning of the second half of 2013.

A Comparative Analysis of Municipal Waste Management Systems

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 2016

Waste management is important in the activities of local authorities. Therefore, attention to waste management is reflected in the nature of a commune. The system analysis of chosen waste management is significant due to the need to improve the activities undertaken to achieve the best results. The aim of such a work was a comparative analysis of the efficiency of waste commune systems in two local government units within the Małopolska region of Poland. The subjects of comparative analysis of waste management systems were two selected communes of different sizes located within the same county. The study included the quantity and quality of collected municipal waste and indicators of their accumulation in 2007-10. On the basis of the conducted analysis that the inhabited commune had a larger number of inhabitants and with a larger surface area, the waste disposal was carried out more frequently by a substantial amount of subjects. The commune has also identified significantly more than 3.5 times the average of total waste. In both communities and regardless of the noted differences a growing trend of the quantities selectively waste collected were about 32% lower in the commune with fewer inhabitants, in which waste collection of paper and cardboard generated no result. Generally conducted in both communes, recovery contributed for favorable weight limitations the assembled waste on an average of 30 %. Dealt with in the period of waste accumulation indicators begins to differentiated an average increase of 14 kg·person-1 ·year-1 , and 2 Mg·km-2 in favor of more commune. As significant was in the municipality of year 2009, in which it were achieved the highest values of amounts of the collected the and sent to the assembled waste, the highest indicators of waste accumulation, in despite of made note the highest number of inhabitants in the next year.

Management of industrial and municipal solid wastes in Poland

Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 2001

Altogether more than 4 billion tonnes of wastes are landfilled in Poland and every year this amount increases by 145 million tonnes (without taking into account the overburden produced in open-pit mines). This includes 133 million tonnes of industrial and 12 million tonnes of municipal solid wastes-MSW). Their amount (mainly MSW) is expected to rise constantly, similarly as in other European countries mainly due to: increasing urbanization, a rising standard of living and, consequently, changing patterns of social behaviour, habits (higher consumption), and changes in the waste composition patterns (more consumer product packaging). The issue of waste is increasingly topical in Poland, not only because of the increase in the amount, but chiefly because of the lack of an efficient system for its management, and the impact of wastes and their processing (utilization) on the environment. To improve waste management in Poland, the following tasks are to be completed: (1) to bring waste legislation into compliance with EU standards; (2) to undertake projects involving alternative ways of waste disposal (including recycling technologies that permit processing part of each material introduced to the market); (3) to increase funding of waste management projects; (4) to encourage local authorities to implement principles of sustainable waste management; and (5) to promote principles of rational waste management in the society.