Correlation among meta-cognitive beliefs and anxiety – depression symptoms (original) (raw)
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Metacognition and Depression, State Anxiety and Trait Anxiety Symptoms
Objective: The objective of this study was analyzing the effect of meta-cognition elements on depression, trait and state anxiety symptoms. Methods: In this Study, the sample consisted of 224 students of University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences that answered three questionnaires including Metacognitive Questionnaire (MCQ-30), Beck Depression inventory (BDI-II) and Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Pearson correlation coefficient and step-by-step regression to analyze were used for data analysis. Results: According to the results, there is a positive and significant correlation between total score of metacognition and four elements of beliefs (positive beliefs, negative beliefs, uncontrollability and low cognitive trust (P<0.01). In addition, summary of results indicated that out of metacognitive elements, only general negative beliefs may predict the variations of depression scores, (P<0.01). Conclusion: Summary of this study demonstrated that metacognitive beliefs are significantly effective on prediction of depression and anxiety. Moreover, out of metacognitive elements, only general negative beliefs, in comparison with other elements, may predict the depression.
Metacognitive Beliefs And Negative Emotions
Procedia-Social and Behavioral …, 2011
The present study explored the relationships between metacognitive beliefs and negative emotions in university students. Three hundred students (174 males, 126 females ) were selected from universities in the city of Tehran through multistage clusterrandom sampling. All participants were asked to complete the following questionnaires: Metacognitions Questionnaire 30 (MCQ-30; Wells & Cartwright-Hatton, 2004) and Hospital Anxiety And Depression Scale (HADS; . Four dimensions and total scores of metacognition (positive beliefs about worry, negative beliefs about worry concerning uncontrollability and danger, cognitive confidence and need to control thought) were found to be positively and significantly correlated with negative emotions (anxiety and depression). In other words, individuals with higher scores in metacognition scale revealed more negative emotions in comparison with individuals with lower scores. The findings provide preliminary support for the role of metacognitions beliefs in the maintenance of negative emotions.
Metacognitive theory of emotional disorders suggests that metacognitive beliefs can play a causal role in the development and maintenance of anxiety symptoms. In this prospective study, we examine the relationships between metacognitive beliefs, perceived stress and anxiety in a non-clinical sample. Participants were 135 undergraduate students who completed a battery of questionnaire at two time points (3-months apart). Results revealed metacognitive beliefs do not predict long-term anxiety independently. However, moderation analyses demonstrated negative beliefs about uncontrollability and danger prospectively moderated the relationship between perceived stress and Time 2 anxiety. Negative metacognitive beliefs also interacted with baseline anxiety to predict the change in anxiety symptoms. The results confirm metacognitions play a causal role in anxiety and have implications for cognitive models and the treatment of anxiety.
Examination of Metacognitive Model of Depression in a Turkish Sample
Turkish Journal of Psychiatry, 2015
The aim of the present study is to test the metacognitive model of depression in a Turkish sample using structural equation modeling. Method: A total of 305 university students participated in this study. The data concerning the levels of rumination, positive beliefs about rumination (positive beliefs), negative beliefs about uncontrollability and harm of rumination (negative beliefs-1), negative beliefs about interpersonal and social consequences of rumination (negative beliefs-2), lack of cognitive confidence, and depression was collected using a web-survey method. Results: The results indicated a number of necessary modifications that are needed in order to obtain a good fitting model for the data. The implementation of these theoretically consistent modifications resulted in a good fitting modified model. Accordingly, positive beliefs predicted depressive symptoms by means of rumination, negative beliefs-1, and negative beliefs-2. Negative beliefs-1 and negative beliefs-2 partially mediated the relationship between rumination and depression as well. In addition, the whole process with regard to the elucidation of depressive symptomatology significantly explained the change in the level of cognitive confidence. Conclusion: Overall, the findings obtained from the present study support the validity of the basic components of the metacognitive model of depression in a Turkish sample.
Objective:This study aimed to differentiate illness anxiety and generalized anxiety by the role of metacognition and intolerance of uncertainty. Methods: This research was a descriptive-correlational study with an ex post facto design. The study population included all students of Yazd University, and the study sample comprised 400 healthy adult university students (Mean age=23.3 years, SD=4.9) who were selected using the convenience sampling method. Participants were asked to fill out 4 self-report measures: short health anxiety inventory, intolerance of uncertainty scale, metacognitions questionnaire, and Penn State Worry questionnaire. Finally, 338 questionnaires were statistically analyzed by SPSS 20, using ANOVA and discriminant function analysis. Results: The results showed that there were significant differences between different groups with respect to most studied variables and that intolerance of uncertainty cannot discriminate between 2 disorders. We can argue that this factor is a significant risk factor in both illness anxiety and generalized anxiety disorders. Conclusion: In general, transdiagnostic factors such as intolerance of uncertainty and cognitive beliefs have significant roles in emotional disorders, and can be considered as therapeutic targets.
Worry and Metacognitions as Predictors of Anxiety Symptoms: A Prospective Study
Frontiers in Psychology
Both worry and metacognitive beliefs have been found to be related to the development of anxiety, but metacognitive theory ) suggest that metacognitive beliefs may play a more prominent role. The aim of the present prospective study was to examine whether worry, metacognitive beliefs or the interaction between worry and metacognitive beliefs, were the best predictor of anxiety over time, utilizing a longitudinal, prospective study design. An undergraduate student sample (N = 190) was assessed on measures of worry (PSWQ), metacognitive beliefs (MCQ-30) and anxiety (BAI) at three points in time over a 7-month period. A mixed-model analysis revealed that both worry and metacognitive beliefs predicted development of anxiety, independently of each other, with no indication of an interaction-effect (PSWQ * MCQ-30). Further, analyses of the MCQ-30 subscales indicated that negative metacognitive beliefs may be particularly important in the development of anxiety. While gender was correlated with worry, gender predicted anxiety beyond the effect of worry. Taken together, the results imply that both worry and metacognitive beliefs play a prominent role for the development of anxiety.
Effective Metacognitive Factors in Students’ Depression
Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2014
This research is done with the aim of examining effective meta-cognitive factors in students' depression. The population studied in this research comprises all undergraduate (bachelor-level) students at Islamic Azad University, Roudehen Branch, studying in the academic year 2008-2009. From among them, 35 depressed and 35 ordinary students were selected via the systematic random sampling method. The instrument in this research was Wells' Meta-cognition Test Depression can be predicted based on the meta-cognitive skills (five skills). The results achieved through administering of Wells' Meta-cognition Test suggested that the difference in means of depressed and ordinary students in the subscales of positive worrying beliefs, uncontrollability and feeling of danger, cognitive ability, general negative beliefs, cognitive self-awareness and the whole meta-cognition is significant.
Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of education based of the cognitive, metacognitive, and behavioral model on the reduction of meta-worry beliefs in patients with social anxiety disorder (SAD). Methods: The research was a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest design and a control group. The statistical population comprised all patients with SAD referring to public and private centers for consulting and psychotherapy in Kermanshah, Iran, in 2016. The study sample were selected using purposeful sampling method. A total of 30 patients were chosen through structured clinical interview for DSM-IV axis I disorders (SCID-1) and administering meta-worry subscale of Well's questionnaire of anxious thoughts (1994). Then, they were randomly divided into two groups of experimental and control. The study instrument was the meta-worry subscale of Well's questionnaire of anxious thoughts (1994). Twelve cognitive, metacognitive, and behavioral treatment sessions (for the developed model) on the basis of relevant theoretical insights were held for the experimental group twice a week while the control group received no intervention. After the treatment, both groups were evaluated with the questionnaire of anxious thoughts. For data analysis, ANCOVA test was administered using SPSS19. Results: The results showed that education based on cognitive, metacognitive, and behavioral model was effective on the reduction of meta-worry belief among patients with SAD in the experimental group (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Considering the effectiveness of the model, it seems that therapists and counselors can use this developed model to reduce meta-worry belief among patients with SAD.
Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 2008
The purpose of the present study was twofold. First, to examine the psychometric properties of the Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ) and the Metacognitions Questionnaire-30 (MCQ-30) in a Turkish sample. Second, to investigate metacognitive predictors of pathological worry and obsessive-compulsive (o-c) symptoms in this group. The sample included 561 non-clinical participants. Consistent with non-English versions, the Turkish version of the PSWQ was found to have a two-factor structure. The MCQ-30 was shown to be composed of fi ve factors similar to the English version. Reliability analyses indicated that both the PSWQ and MCQ-30 possessed high internal consistency, split-half reliability and test-retest coeffi cients. As expected, both scales positively correlated with measures of o-c symptoms, trait anxiety, and anxiety and depression, as well as with each other. Negative and positive metacognitive beliefs about
Effectiveness of Group Metacognitive Therapy for Student's Metacognitive Beliefs and Anxiety
Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2013
Trying for students's health improvement is one of aims educational aims toward to better operation in students.Aim:respect to emphasis on investigation effective elements in student's health, the aim of this study was investigation Effectiveness of metacognitive therpy for students's metacognitive beliefs and anxiety.Metod:Sample was included 27 students that selected as simple random sampling.Participants were completed metacognitive beliefs and anxiety questionnair in pre-post test and follow up stages.Results of analysis covariate showed that there is significant difference in increase of metacognitive beliefs and anxiety in groups of experimental and control in post test and follow up stages.Conclusion:These results can help to therapists in decrease of student's anxiety.