Studies on weed dynamics in mustard (Brassica junceae L.) crop under Doon valley conditions of Uttarakhand (original) (raw)
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Phytopathology, 2020
A field experiment was conducted with ten treatments pendimethalin (PE) @1.0kg ha-1, isoproturon (POE) @1.20kg ha-1, pendimethalin (PE) @1.0kg ha-1 +hand weeding at 45 DAS, isoproturon (POE) @1.20kg ha-1 +hand weeding at 45 DAS, pendimethalin (PE) @1.0kg ha-1 +straw mulch @5t ha-1, isoproturon (POE) @1.20kg ha-1 +straw mulch @5tha-1, straw mulch @10tha-1 (3 DAS), two hand weeding at 20 and 40 DAS, glyphosate @0.5 ml litre-1 of water at 20 and 40 DAS and weedy check respectively at Agronomy Research Farm, Narendra Deva University of Agriculture & Technology, Kumarganj, Ayodhya (U. P.), India, during rabi season of the year 2016-17. The crop was infested with the divergent type of weed flora e.g. Phalaris minor and Cynodon dactylon of grassy, Chenopodium album, Anagallis arvensis, Melilotus alba, Vicia hirsuta, Lathyrus aphaca and Rumex sp. of broad-leaved and Cyperus rotundus of sedges group. Weed density of the different weed species and total weeds affected significantly due to dif...
Weed Flora in Mustard-A review
International journal of chemical studies, 2020
Among all other oil seed crops mustard is the most important oil seed crop. They play wide role in economy of India. The productivity of mustard is reduced by various biotic and abiotic factors. The weed is one of the major factor to decline the productivity of mustard. The yield losses in mustard upto 45% caused by weeds. Weed flora is the life of plant that is related to weeds and they differ from place to place. The weed flora involve the population of both dicot and monocot weeds. The dicot species are more present than monocot species in mustard. The Chenopodium album, Melilotus indica, Anagallis arvensis, Cirsium arvense, Fumaria parviflora, Cornopus didymus, Phalaris minor, Rumex denticulatus, Vicia sativa, Carthamus oxycantha, Chenopodium murale, Avena ludoviciana, Medicago denticulatus etc. weeds are mostly present in mustard field. Weed flora related with soil characteristics, region, climate, cropping pattern and management factors. The weeds are noxious plant and compete with crop for wetness, light, space, nutrition supplements and reduce the quality and yield attributes of crops.
Effect of weed management strategy on weed flora and yield of Indian mustard
International Journal of Chemical Studies, 2020
Ayodhya during rabi season in 2017-18 and 2018-19 to study the effect of weed management strategy on weed flora and yield of Indian mustard. The experiment was laid out in randomize block design with three replication. Twelve weed control treatment was tested in the experiment. Manual hand weeding at 20 and 40 DAs (T11) recorded significantly reduced density of weed with WCE (74.74 and 88.44%), which was similar to T10, T9, T5, and T6 treatments over other herbicide treatments. It resulted significantly increase growth parameters viz. Plant height, number of branch plant-1 , Dry matter accumulation and grain and straw yield of mustard crop.
International journal of research in agronomy, 2024
A field experiment was conducted during rabi season of 2023-24 on loamy sand of in the rural area of Kanpur district of Mandhana, located 10 km from Kanpur in Uttar Pradesh To study the effect of integrated weed management on growth and yield on Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.)".The soil was normal in pH of 7.60, electrical conductivity (EC) of 0.25 dSm-1, organic carbon content of 0.44%, and available nutrients including nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) at levels of 216.20, 19.13, and 149.20 kg ha -1 , respectively. The experiment was laid out during Rabi season of 2023-24. The experiment consisted of 15 treatment combinations, was laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications.
Phytosociological study of weeds in major rabi season crops of Bundelkhand region
Phytopathology, 2020
The present study was conducted to investigate weed flora diversity in crops during rabi season of 2019-20 at the Research and Students Instructional Farm of College of Agriculture, Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda, Uttar Pradesh, India. This study identified and quantified the floristic composition of weeds in three different crops. The number of monocot species recorded in the study was 4 (20%), while the number of dicot species was 16 (80%). Out of 20 weed species 17 were annual and remaining 3 were perennial. The frequency, density, abundance and their relative values were studied. The results obtained indicated that Cyperusrotundus and Cynodondactylon were the most important weed of all three crops. Importance Value Index (IVI) value of Cyperusrotundus in chickpea and lentil was 110.56 and 192.66, respectively while IVI value of Cynodondactylon in mustard was 128.99 showing dominance of these weeds in concerned crops. Shannon diversity index was highest in ...
The study on the phyto-sociological association of weeds in summer crops viz. rice (Oryza sativa), maize (Zea mays), saffron (Crocus sativus) and pulses of Kashmir valley was conducted during 2013 at varying altitudes from 1500 to 2500 m above mean sea level (amsl). Areas where rice is cultivated two eco-situations exist, first with abundance of soil moisture is infested with weed species like Potamagetone distinctus, Polygonum hydropiper, Monochoria vaginalis,Ammania baccifera, Gratula japonica,Cyperius defformis, C.irria, Scirpus juncoides etc. In second eco-situation where farmers have to irrigate rice fiels as per availability of water the fields are infested with weeds like Echinochloa crusgalli, Gratula japonica,Cyperius defformis, C.irria, Cyperus rotundus etc. Up to 1700 m maximum importance value index (IVI) of Potamogeton distinctus (29.28%) among broad leaves, Echinochloa crusgalli (27.15%) among grasses and Cyperus difformis (18.88%) among sedges was noticed in rice, Amaranthus viridis (20.33%) among broad leaves, Digitaria sanguinalis (16.9%) among grasses and Cyperus rotundus (20.14%) among sedges in maize and in saffron Star of Bethlehem (Ornithogalum mbellatum) (31.85%) among grasses, Amaranthus virids (18.23%) among broad leaves and Cyperus rotundus (26.18%) among sedges. From 1700 to 2000m amsl maximum IVI of Potamogeton distinctus (33.03%) among broad leaves, Echinochloa crusgalli (15.48%) among grasses and Cyperus difformis(15.89%) among sedges was noticed in rice and Amaranthus viridis (22.08%) among broad leaves, Digitaria sanguinalis(17.15%) among grasses, Cyperus rotundus(14.53%) among sedges and among others Chenopodium album was 18.3% in maize + pulses. Above 2000 m amsl Potamogeton distinctus (33.59%) and Marsilea qadrifolia (28.35%) among broad leaves, Echinochloa crusgalli (17.08%) among grasses was, Cyperus difformis(17.11%) and Cyperus iria(17.12%) among sedges and among others Polygonum hydropiper was 17.18% in rice, in maize + pluses maximum IVI of 18.32% was of Amaranthus viridisamong broad leaves, 14.37% of Digitaria Sanguinalis and 14.93% of Cynodon dactylon among grasses, 12.96% of Cyperus rotundus among sedges and 13.53% of Medicago sativa was observed in maize +pluses.
A field experiment was conducted from 2002-2005 on a sandy clay loam red and lateritic soil under irrigation in a farmer's field at Senkapur (Lat. 23°36.79′ N, Long. 87°38.14′ E, Elev. 46 m AMSL), Birbhum, West Bengal, India. The objective was to provide the temporal changes of weed diversity and density, ecology, and impact of rotational cropping systems on different crops under double and triple cropping systems with improved (IP) and farmer's packages (FP). There was significantly higher weed density in FP than in IP on all years. Grasses and sedges were more in vegetable-based rotational systems; but grasses and broad leaf weeds (BLWs) were more in rice-based rotational systems. The lowest weed population was in vegetable-based systems. Grasses increased in rice-based systems but gradually decreased in vegetable-based systems in subsequent years. Sedge density was higher in vegetable-than in rice-based rotational systems. Density of BLWs was higher but that of sedges was lower in rice-based rotational systems as compared to vegetable-based systems. Density of BLWs gradually decreased in all rotational systems over the years in both packages. Density of weeds decreased gradually in subsequent years indicating the positive effect of rotational systems on suppression of weeds. Results indicate that the weed density can be reduced through judicious diversified rotational cropping systems. Peanut-brinjal+brinjal, okra-chilli+chilli and cucumber-cabbage-basella systems greatly reduced the weed density in both packages, and hence can be recommended for the lateritic belt of lower Gangetic plain of eastern India. population dynamics by altering key demographic rates of weeds . Manipulation of cropping systems to improve weed management requires a better understanding of the spatial and temporal dynamics of weeds [1]. Competition against grassy weeds was resulted by continuous cultivation of rice-wheat (R-W) systems in South Asia . Temporal diversity of crops resulting through crop rotations can markedly reduce weed density and biomass production . Broad leaf weeds (BLWs) and sedges, respectively, were more diverse and denser in dry and wet rice in rice-rice systems at Sriniketan, Birbhum, West Bengal [7,.
The Pharma Innovation Journal, 2021
during the Rabi season 2016-17 to access the "Influence of integrated weed management on growth attributes and quality of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.)". The experiment comprised of ten treatments viz. pendimethalin (PE) 1.0 kg/ha, isoproturon (POE) 1.20 kg/ha, pendimethalin (PE) 1.0 kg/ha + hand weeding at 45 DAS, isoproturon (POE) 1.20 kg/ha + hand weeding at 45 DAS, pendimethalin (PE) 1.0 kg/ha + straw mulch 5 t/ha, isoproturon (POE) 1.20 kg/ha + straw mulch 5 t/ha, straw mulch 10 t/ha (3 DAS), two hand weeding at 20 and 40 DAS, glyphosate 0.5 ml/liter of water at 20 and 40 DAS and weedy check respectively with three replication was conducted in Randomized Block Design. The results revealed that two hand weeding at 20 and 40 DAS was at par with pendimethalin (PE) 1.0 kg/ha + straw mulch 5 t/ha and gave higher plant height (181.39, 176.17 cm), with higher dry matter accumulation in g/plant (56.89, 54.18) respectively. Among of all treatments recorded highest number of primary and secondary branches/plant in two hand weeding at 20 and 40 DAS was at par with pendimethalin (PE) 1.0 kg/ha + straw mulch 5 t/ha (9.73, 9.71) and (21.93, 21.48) respectively. And also nutrient content, nutrient uptake, leaf area index as well as oil content and oil yield was found higher in two hand weeding at 20 and 40 DAS while at par with pendimethalin (PE) 1.0 kg/ha + straw mulch 5 t/ ha. Based on all the observations recorded, two hand weeding at 20 and 40 DAS fb pendimethalin (PE) 1.0 kg/ha + straw mulch 5 t/ha has performed better in all parameters amongst all the integrated weed managements practices.