Phase II Investigation of Self Creek (1Je758), Jefferson County, Alabama. With ethnobotanical report by Kandace Hollenbach. (original) (raw)
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This paper aims to summarize the results of excavations undertaken at 1Mt209, Montgomery County, Alabama, by the University of Alabama at Birmingham in 1976 and later in 2006 by the Office of Archaeological Research at The University of Alabama. Collectively, over fifty features and midden deposits have been identified at this Middle Woodland site, ranging from refuse pits, hearths, rock clusters, “pot busts” of check and complicated stamped vessels, artifact clusters, and a pit house, complete with postholes, a central hearth, a midden, and an unusual pebble feature.
Late Woodland-Emergent Mississippian Occupation and Plant Use at the AE Harmon Site (11MS136)
Midcontinental Journal of Archaeology, 2010
The 2002 Southern Illinois University Edwardsville field school was con ducted at the AE Harmon site (11 MSI 36), located on the bluff above the American Bottom in Edwardsville, Illinois. Artifacts recovered from the plow zone indicate that the site was occupied from the Archaic through Mississippian periods. Sub-plow zone excavations revealed a prehis toric house structure and six pit features. The style of the structure, as well as artifacts recovered from the structure and several associated pits, indicate occupation during the Late Woodland and Emergent Missis sippian periods. Prehistoric activities at the site included manufacture, use, and maintenance of lithic artifacts, as well as ceramic manufacture. Subsistence remains show that native cultigens, maize, nuts, wild plants, fish, and venison were consumed. The sample of plant remains report ed here adds to the Late Woodland-Emergent Mississippian paleoeth nobotanical database for the American Bottom, most notably for the Late Woodland Sponemann phase. Sponemann phase inhabitants of the site collected wild plant resources and cultivated native seed crops. Whether they grew maize is uncertain since the one fragment of maize identified in a Sponemann phase feature was probably intrusive. This
Plant Subsistence at Myer-Dickson During the Woodland and Mississippian Periods
We report on the identification and analysis of the archaeobotanical assemblage from the habitation area of the Dickson Mounds site, referred to here as the Myer-Dickson locality, located in the central Illinois River valley of west-central Illinois. The site was occupied during the early half of the Late Woodland period (circa A.D. 600–800) and the Late Mississippian period (circa A.D. 1250–1300), with an occupational hiatus of several hundred years between these two periods. The Late Woodland inhabitants of the site appear to have focused their subsistence activities around the collection of key nut resources (with hickory as the primary staple) and the cultivation of goosefoot. The Mississippian occupants of Myer-Dickson invested heavily in food production, specifically the cultivation of the field crops maize and beans. The collection of nuts, fruits, and greens was also important, with hickories continuing to represent a primary staple of the plant-based diet. Despite the more than 400-year hiatus between Myer-Dickson's Late Woodland and Late Mississippian occupations , a comparison of the plant assemblages from these occupations indicate minimal dietary change, restricted to an increase in maize and a corresponding decrease in nuts.
THE ARCHAEOLOGY OF LITTLE WOOD CREEK: NEW CHRONOMETRIC EVIDENCE
Archaeology of Eastern North America, 2015
This study reports on the establishment of viable dates for several major cultural components at the Little Wood Creek site on the upper Hudson in Fort Edward, New York. The original excavation in the mid-1980s (Grossman et al. 1990) resulted in the identification of two major periods of occupation, a deeply buried Transitional period sequence of living floors, and closer to the surface, and separated by circa five feet of sterile alluvium, a series of Late Woodland period pits and features. Both are overlain by the discovery of the southern bastion of Revolutionary War-era Fort Edward. Ambiguities in the original bulk radiocarbon dating of the site left it in chronological limbo with widely divergent determinations for both prehistoric occupation periods. New AMS dates from 10 samples, four Transitional period and six Late Woodland period assays, both refined the absolute chronology of the site complex and clarified several major issues in the cultural and environmental history of the region. Together, these two sets of dates, combined with recent high resolution environmental sequences, provide sufficient resolution to correlate the newly defined periods of occupation with major events in the pollen and climate record of eastern New York State.
Tree-Ring Dating of An Arkansas Antebellum Plantation House
Tree-Ring Research, 2012
As part of the Lakeport Plantation Restoration Project conducted by Arkansas State University, we examined tree-ring samples of baldcypress (Taxodium distichum L. Rich.) timbers from the Lakeport Plantation house in Chicot County, Arkansas. Our objectives for the study were to: (1) determine cutting dates of timbers used in the construction of the plantation house and an ancillary log shed in order to support or refute available historical and archaeological evidence for the construction date of the structures, and (2) provide tree-ring data to improve the spatial and temporal tree-ring record for the region. We determined that virtually all the cutting dates for the plantation house were confined to the dormant season of 1858-1859 suggesting that cutting and construction occurred at approximately the same time. We positively dated a total of 25 samples against the exactly-dated master chronology based on living baldcypress trees at Black Swamp, Arkansas, and compiled a 346year chronology extending from 1537 to 1883. These findings provide absolute quantitative evidence of the age and construction history of one of the most important antebellum buildings in Arkansas and additional background on the material culture of the ''cotton aristocracy''.
Lab Procedures and Excavations at the Walnut Site (22IT539) (Northern Mississippi) Ensor Galm Studer
Archaeological Investigations in the Upper Tombigbee Valley , 1983
This document is a report of archaeological investigations at eleven sites in the Canal and River Section of the Tennessee-Tombigbee Waterway. These investigations include the excavation of four sites and the testing of seven others. This report is a description of this project and includes the research design, a summary of the archaeological background, and a full description of the data recovery methods and techniques. For each site investigated in the project, a complete report of the specific procedures and a description of the results are provided. A summary of the total results is also contained in the final chapter. Attached to the report are a series of special studies, manuals for field, laboratory and data methods, and the original detailed research design. Also included is a complete data set on microfiche which presents the location, classification and measurement of all specimens recovered in the proj ect., The results of this 15 month field effort contributed much to our understanding of the Archaic and Gulf Formational State, specifically, the Early Archaic (Kirk), initial Late Archaic (Benton), and late Gulf Formational (Alexander). Isolated components of these cultures have been recovered and provide primary data for the reconstruction of chronology and lifeways of these portions of the prehistoric occupation of the Upper Tombigbee Valley. With additional, more intensive study of the recovered material, it will be possible to address the cultural process issue of adaptation to the post-glacial climate maximum, the Altithermal. Obvious differences in site use and area settlement pattern, subsistence strategy and scheduling, and technology were employed between ASSEMBLER'S PREFACE This report consists of four separately bound volumes. The first three volumes are comprised of the description and results of the work performed in Phase I of this project. The research study design and four appendices are contained in the fourth volume; they include the Special Studies Reports, Laboratory Manual, Field Manual, and Data Management Manual. The complete data set is presented in the two other appendices which are on microfiche and are inserted in pockets at the end of appropriate chapters. This report was written primarily by the senior staff and principal investigator of the project. Others also contributed to the report, and specific authorship is presented within the table of contents. This should be used for specific citations within this assembled work. This report was compiled over the course of two years. The format and organization of the text, tables, appendices, and supplements were established in 1980. An outline went through several drafts with the Mobile District U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. The editors implemented the agreed upon format and outlines. We have tried to make this report consistent in information, level of work, and method of presentation. With multiple authors and a diversity of research interests and experience, it is inevitable that internal differences occurred. This assembler has attempted to smooth these differences and it is hoped that this effort was reasonably successful.
ARCHAEOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS AT THE BURRELL ORCHARD SITE (33Ln15): 2008 SEASON
2009
of Invertebrate Paleontology assisted with identification of ground stone tool material identification. Museum Associate Joanne Hutchinson generously provided the use of her farm pond and greenhouse in Hinckley, Ohio for the operation of flotation equipment. Numerous laboratory volunteers processed the artifacts from the field and carried out the inventory.