Hybridization among three Cirsium (Asteraceae) species and important evidence for three new hybrids from Turkey (original) (raw)
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Two new species of Cirsium (Asteraceae) and notes on allies from Turkey
TURKISH JOURNAL OF BOTANY, 2013
The most recent revisionary study on Cirsium species growing in Turkey was carried out approximately 40 years ago by Davis and Parris (1975a) for the Flora of Turkey. In that study, 52 species (65 taxa) were given under 3 sections. [sect. Cirsium, sect. Epitrachys DC., and sect. Cephalonoplos (Neck.) DC.]. Additional taxonomic treatments have dealt with the distribution of the genus in supplements and 5 new species (6 taxa) were given (Davis et al., 1988; Güner et al., 2000). After the Flora of Turkey and supplements, a number of species belonging to different genera have been described
A new species of Cirsium sect. Epitrachys (Asteraceae: Cardueae)from the south of Turkey
TURKISH JOURNAL OF BOTANY, 2017
were added recently. Finally, the genus Cirsium is represented by 67 species (79 taxa, 32 endemic) and two hybrids that belong to C. sect. Epitrachys (49 species, 51 taxa), C. sect. Cirsium (17 species, 27 taxa and 2 hybrid), and C. sect. Cephalonoplos (Neck.) DC. (1 species) in Turkey (Yıldız et al., 2012, 2016). During revisionary studies of Turkish Cirsium and some other floral studies between Bozkır and Hadim in Konya Province, southern Turkey (Figure 1), some interesting specimens belonging to Cirsium were collected between 2000 and 2016 by the authors. After these thorough studies, it was concluded that the specimens belonged to the sect. Epitrachys and represented a hitherto undescribed species with affinities to C. cephalotes Boiss. and C. pugnax Sommier & Levier. The aim of the present study is to describe the new species of the genus Cirsium and to determine the morphological differences between the new species and its allied species. Differences of the new species from its allies (Cirsium cephalotes and C. pugnax) are presented in detail in the Table. 2. Materials and methods Plant materials belonging to the new species and its allied species were collected by the authors between 2000 and 2016 from Turkey. These specimens were determined using the relevant literature (
A taxonomic revision of the genus Cirsium Mill. sect. Cirsium(Asteraceae: Cardueae) in Turkey
Turkish Journal of Botany, 2016
The name Cirsium originates from the Greek word "khirsos", which means "swollen vein", referring to diseases of veins. Tournefort, citing Dioscorides, reported that the roots of this plant were used against diseases of veins. In addition, the use of this plant in varicose disease for pain relief was reported (Tournefort, 1694; Charadze, 1963). The name Cirsium was used by botanists in the pre-Linnean period (Bauhin, 1596; Tournefort, 1694). In Species Plantarum, the species of the genus Cirsium were treated given under the names of the genera of Serratula L., Carduus L., and Cnicus L. by Linnaeus (1753). The history of the genus Cirsium is given below chronologically in terms of taxonomy: The first comprehensive study was carried out in "Prodramus Sytematis Naturalis" by Candolle (1838). In this study, the genus was represented by 137 species belonging to 6 sections: C. sect. Lophiolepis Cass. (4 species), C. sect. Eriolepis Cass. (38 species), C. sect. Orthocentron Cass. (6 species), C. sect. Corynotrichum DC. (3 species), C. sect. Cephalonoplos (Necker) DC. (5 species), and C. sect. Onotrophe Cass. (81 species). In Flora Orientalis, 74 species belonging to 4 sections, C. sect. Epitrachys DC. ex Duby (38 species), C. sect. Chamaelon DC. (28 species), C. sect. Lamyra Cass. (7 species), and C. sect. Breea Less. (1 species), were given by Boissier (1875). Sommier and Levier (1895) reported 53 species (including the NE of Turkey) without separating them into sections in their work Cirsium del Caucaso. In addition, 111 species belonging to 16 subsections and 7 sections were given by Charadze (1963) in Flora of the USSR, 60 species belonging to 3 sections were given by Werner (1976) in Flora Europaea, and 36 species belonging to 7 subsections and 5 sections were given by Petrak (1979) in Flora Iranica. A comprehensive study about New World
Genetika, 2016
Cirsium aduncum Fisch. & C.A.Mey. Ex DC. and C. haussknechtii Boiss., (Asteraceae) are important medicinal plant species that grow in different geographical regions of Iran. We had no knowledge about population genetic structure, intra-specific and inter-specific gene flow and the presence of hybrid zone for this two species in Iran. Therefore, in order to provide data for conservation of these two medicinally important species, the population genetic analysis and morphometric studies were performed in 18 geographical populations of these species. ANOVA and MDS analyses revealed significant morphological difference among the studied populations in either species, while MDS plot showed morphological overlap in plants of these two species. AMOVA test revealed significant genetic difference among the studied populations. Mantel test showed positive significant correlation between genetic and geographical distances and the occurrence of isolation by distance. Population assignment test ...
Cirsium semzinanicum (Asteraceae), a new species from Hakkâri, Turkey
PhytoKeys, 2016
Cirsium semzinanicum sp. nov. (Asteraceae) is described as a new species from Hakkâri, Turkey. The new species is a part of the sect. Epitrachys (Cardueae) and similar to Cirsium karduchorum, from which it differs in morphological characters such as leaves, involucre, phyllaries, corolla, achens and pollen morphology. Geographical distribution, habitat and IUCN conservation status of this species are given.
A new species of Cirsium section Epitrachys (Asteraceae: Cardueae) from Turkey
Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2008
Cirsium ekimianum Yıldız & Dirmenci is described from Erzurum province, east Anatolia, Turkey. The diagnostic and morphological characteristics that distinguish it from the allied species C. ellenbergii Bornm. and C. tomentosum C.A.Mey. are presented. A description, distribution map and taxonomic comments on the new species are provided.
A new Pyrenean hybrid Cirsium (Asteraceae) as revealed by morphological and molecular analyses
Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2007
A new nothosubspecies Cirsium × vivantii is described after a molecular and morphological characterization of eight individuals collected in two separate valleys of the French central Pyrenees. Both hypervariable Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) markers and nuclear rDNA (ITS) and plastid (trn L-F, TRNT-L) DNA sequences were analysed. The profiles of these hybrid samples were compared to those of 43 individuals belonging to their presumed parental taxa C. carniolicum ssp. rufescens and C. palustre. A total of 133 AFLP bands were scored from three primer-pair combinations. All 130 AFLP bands that amplified in the hybrid samples were present in either C. carniolicum ssp. rufescens , C. palustre or both taxa, supporting the participation of these plant genomes in the resulting hybrids. Several Additive Polymorphic Sites (APS) detected in the ITS sequences of the hybrid samples also confirmed their derived origins from ribotypes of the two parental taxa. The lack of exclusive AFLP markers and the nonconcerted evolution of rDNA polymorphisms towards either of the parental ribotypes indicated their recent origin. Plastid trn T-L sequences were used to identify C. palustre as the maternal parent of six of these hybrid individuals; either parent could have acted as the plastid genome donor for the other two individuals. The morphological study revealed that all hybrid individuals were morphologically intermediate between their parents showing largely lobed and less spiny basal leaves as in C. carniolicum ssp. rufescens and decurrent leaf bases and pinkish corollas as in C. palustre .
Caryologia, 2018
The chromosome number and karyotype analysis of nine species (10 taxa) of genus Cirsium Mill. distributed in Turkey were analyzed. The somatic chromosome number of Cirsium sipyleum O. Schwarz, C. candelabrum Griseb., C. creticum d'Urv. subsp. creticum, C. elodes M. Bieb., C. subinerme Fisch. & C. A. Mey., C. leucopsis DC., C. libanoticum DC. subsp. arachnoideum P. H. Davis & Parris and C. arvense (L.) Scop. were determined as 2n=2x=34. Cirsium pubigerum DC. var. caniforme Petr. and var. paphlagonicum Petr. showed 2n=4x=68 chromosome numbers. The chromosomes of the examined taxa predominantly have median region (m) and rarely median point (M) and submedian region (sm) karyotypes. The chromosome number and morphology of Cirsium sipyleum, C. pubigerum var. paphlagonicum, C. leucopsis and C. libanoticum subsp. arachnoideum are newly reported in the present study.