Unintentional Poisoning in Children: Analysis for Significant Risk Factors (original) (raw)
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Profile of Accidental Poisoning in Children: Studied at Urban Based Tertiary Care Centre
Saudi Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences
Objective: To study profile of accidental poisoning in 1yr-12 yr children admitted at Paediatric ward in Calcutta national medical college & hospital, (CNMCH) Kolkata from April 2018-March 2019 and their outcome. Method: All children admitted at CNMCH children ward from 1 to 12 year with accidental poisoning excluding all bites-including snake bite, scorpion sting etc. The age group, nature, type of poison, symptom complex & response to therapy were studied. Result: 201 children of 9 month to 12 year with accidental exposure to poisoning admitted in a tertiary care centre. Common age group affected in the study is below 3 yrs (75%).Boy child commonly affected & common poisoning was kerosene oil (52.2%) followed by turpentine oil (14.9%). Among medication, poisoning (4.97%) not only due accidental ingestion but due to overdosing. Other Rare causes of poisoning was Phenyl, Rat killer, Mosquito repellent/oil, bed bug killer etc. Mortality of the patient was 0.49 % .30% cases (>14 days) suffering was prolonged. PICU management was needed in 1.99% cases. Conclusion: Most common cause of accidental poisoning was kerosene ingestion in rural children. Male children of toddler age group was involved commonly.
International journal of health sciences
Background : Poisoning is a serious emergency and a big problem that affects people of all ages all over the world. Education, demographics, socioeconomic conditions, customs, and local belief all influence the cause and kind of poisoning in different areas of the world and within the country. Poisoning patterns differ depending on age, the kind and amount of the poison, and the method of exposure. Even while there has been no major drop in the number of unintentional poisonings, the pattern of poisoning has changed, with new risks always emerging as a result of the introduction of novel pharmaceuticals and chemicals for home use and agricultural. Objective : To asses the clinical Profile and outcome of Poisoning among Pediatric Population in a tertiary care hospital. Materials and Methods : The present Prospective observational study conducted in Department of Pediatrics at Gadag Institute of Medical Sciences , between June 2020 to December 2021. All children and adolescent who...
Acute poisoning in children: Ten years’ experience from a Northern Thai tertiary care center
Objective Acute poisoning in children is a worldwide health problem. This study aimed to investi- gate patterns and features of acute poisoning in hospitalized children. Methods This retrospective study was conducted using clinical data of 62 children diagnosed with poisoning who were treated and discharged from hospitalized at Chiang Mai University Hospital between January 2007 and December 2016. Results The patients included 35 male and 27 female children age 6 months to 14 years 7 months, mean age 4.9±4.6 years. Among the 62 cases, 46 (74.2%) were less than 5 years old, and 49 (79.0%) were cases of unintentional poisoning. Among the poisoned children younger than 10 years most were males, whereas females predominated in those age 10 to 15 years. Medications were the most common poisoning agents, followed by household cleaning products, insecticides and pesticides, disc batteries, hydrocarbons, and others. The duration of hospitalization of the poi- soned children ranged between 1 and 22 days; the mortality rate was 3.2% (2 children). Conclusions Acute poisoning was most prevalent in children younger than five years old. Most cases were unintentional ingestion of medications or household products found in the house. Pediatricians and health care providers should take a key role in providing guidance to parents regarding methods to avoid incidents of acute poisoning in children.
Accidental poisoning in children
Objective: To assess the pattern of acute poisoning in children at Liaquat National Hospital, Karachi. Methods: The one-year descriptive study was conducted in the Paediatric Emergency Unit of the Liaquat National Hospital, Karachi, from April 1, 2006 to March 31, 2007, involving all patients under 12 years of age who visited the unit with a history of accidental exposure to toxic substances. Demographic data and all other relevant information were obtained mainly by retrieving hospital records and the admission register. Immediate outcomes were analysed in terms of admission, discharge and 'left against medical advice' (LAMA). Results: During the study period, 43 cases of accidental poisoning were registered, constituting 0.58% of the total emergency visits. Most (46.5%) were less than 3 years of age. Pharmaceutical products (34.9%) were the leading cause of ingestion followed by kerosene oil (25.6%), organophosphorous (16.3%), alkali (9.3%) and acid (7%). Regarding the outcome of these cases, 29 were admitted, 7 were discharged and 7 patients left against medical advice. Conclusion: In our study, a small percentage of children presented with acute poisoning. Pharmacologic agents were a common source of poisoning in children. There is a need to further study and identify risk factors of acute poisoning in children.
The Egyptian Journal of Forensic Sciences and Applied Toxicology
Background: Unintentional poisoning by substances of abuse in children is a rare type of acute poisoning but recently, it has been increased in many countries. Low dose of these substances can be fatal for children under 6 years old resulting in severe morbidity and mortality if it is not timely diagnosed and properly managed. Aim: this study aimed to describe the pattern of unintentional poisoning by substances of abuse among children below 6 years old who were presented to the Poison Control Center of Ain Shams University Hospitals (PCC-ASUH), Egypt during a 4-year period (2014-2017). Material and methods: A retrospective study was performed on all infants and children aged less than 6 years old with unintentional poisoning by substances of abuse presented to the PCC-ASUH during the four years period (2014-2017). The data were collected and included: demographic, poisoning and clinical data. Treatment given to the patients, length of hospital stays as well as outcome of patients were also recorded. Results: During the studied period (2014-2017), there were 436 children below 6 years old with unintentional poisoning by substances of abuse. Children from 1 to 2 years old were the most vulnerable age group to unintentional poisoning with substances of abuse (64%), the majority were males (58%), most of them were from Cairo (61%). The most common substance of abuse unintentionally ingested among studied children was cannabis (64%), followed by tramadol (33.5%) and opium (2.5%). Loss of consciousness was the most common recorded symptom among children (80%). Most of the patients were admitted to the inpatient unit (60%) while 30% of cases were admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). There were 9 deaths (2%): eight children were intoxicated with tramadol and one child with opium poisoning. Conclusion: This study concluded that unintentional poisoning by substances of abuse in children is a life threatening condition and clinicians should consider it if any child presented to the ER with sudden onset of coma without any history of fever or primary illness. The most frequent unintentionally ingested substance of abuse among children was cannabis followed by tramadol.
Accidental poisoning in children: a single centre case series study in Bangladesh
BMJ Paediatrics Open
BackgroundAccidental poisoning is a leading cause of unintentional injuries among children in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). The overall aspect of this unintentional poisoning is poorly understood in Bangladesh. The objectives of this study were (1) to explore the socio-demographic factors and circumstantial context of accidental poisoning and (2) the prevalence of the type of substances causing it.MethodsA descriptive case series study was conducted from April 2019 to February 2020 at a tertiary level hospital of the capital city Dhaka in Bangladesh. Children under 10 years of age admitted to the hospital with accidental poisoning were enrolled in this study. Parents of hospitalised children were interviewed face-to-face using a structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were used for data analysis.ResultsA total of 223 children were recruited in this study. Children between 2 and 5 years (60%), men (61%) and children with agility (65.5%) were among the preva...
An Epidemiologic Study of Pediatric Poisoning; a Six-month Cross-sectional Study
Emergency (Tehran, Iran), 2016
Intentional and unintentional poisoning are among the most common reasons for referrals to emergency department (ED). Therefore, the present study was designed to evaluate epidemiologic features and effective risk factors of intentional and unintentional poisoning in children. This prospective cross-sectional study was carried out in ED of Loghman Hakim Hospital, greatest referral poison center of Iran, Tehran during March to August 2014. Demographic data, medical history, history of psychiatric disease in child, the cause of poisoning, parents' educational level, household monthly income, location of residence, history of addiction or divorce in family, and the poisoning intentionality were gathered. Data were analyzed using SPSS 18 and appropriate statistical tests based on the purpose of study. 414 participants with the mean age of 4.2 ± 3.43 years were included (57.5% male). Children in the 0-4 year(s) age range had the most frequency with 281 (67.9%) cases. 29 (7%) cases we...
Clinical profile of poisoning in children: a hospital based study
International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics, 2016
Poisoning is a common medical emergency in children. Most of the poisoning in children is accidental. Poisoning account for 1-6% of bed occupancy in children hospitals and 3.9% in pediatric intensive care unit in India. 1 According to the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), poisoning in childhood is common because children are curious and explore their world with all their senses, most commonly by mouthing. 2 Toddlers are at increased risk due to their increased motor abilities and explorative curiosities. It is a common cause of unnatural death in children. It is the second most common cause of injury resulting in the hospitalization of children under the age of five years. 1 The most common agents involved are over-the-counter (OTC) medications, prescription medications, household products, paraffin/kerosene, pesticides, poisonous plants and animal or insect bites. 3 Unfortunately poisoning in children is becoming more common due to easy access of poison, children with temperamental and behavioural issues, increased screen media exposure, lack of adequate supervision etc. These accidents are preventable because the main reasons for such incidents are a lack of knowledge, a lack of awareness and a lack of adult supervision. The cause of paediatric poisonings varies in different age groups and hence, preventive strategies should be planned accordingly. The present research was aimed to study the ABSTRACT Background: Poisoning is a common medical emergency in children and most of the cases are accidental in nature. The objective was to study clinical profile of children presenting with poisoning to the pediatric emergency department of a tertiary care hospital in Mumbai, India. Methods: This is Prospective study conducted in a Pediatric ward over a period of 18 months after obtaining permission from institutional ethics committee. Total 50 cases fulfilling the inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study over the period of 18 months. Neonates and the children with snake, scorpion and animal envenomation were excluded. Children with allergic drug reaction or food poisoning were excluded. Descriptive analysis of the collected data was performed using SPSS v.15. Results: Fifty cases of poisoning formed 1.3% of all paediatric admissions (3700 admissions). Most of the cases were accidental (94%). There were 84 % children between 1-5 years of age with male preponderance. Kerosene oil poisoning remained the commonest (32%) accidental poisoning in this study. An interesting trend was concentrated HCL poisoning (now a common household product) as the second commonest poisoning (17.3%). This was followed by poisoning with various drugs used by adults in the house. Conclusions: Acute accidental kerosene poisoning in children is of frequent occurrence in the paediatric emergency department; and thorough knowledge about the management of each poison is essential. Most of the accidents are preventable and prompt treatment can reduce mortality and long term morbidity.
Study of Spectrum of Poisoning In Children Admitted In Pediatric Ward of a Tertiary Care Hospital
Accidental or intentional ingestion of a toxic agent is common in the pediatric population. 2 Poisoning is classified as external causes of morbidity and mortality as they are entirely dependent on the presence of an extrinsic environmental factor. Although the provision of a completely risk-free environment is not possible, children and young people should be protected from external causes of serious harm. 1 Acute poisoning in children is an important worldwide pediatric emergency. The exact incidence of childhood poisoning is not known in India due to under reporting and poor record keeping however reported incidence of childhood poisoning in various studies varies from 0.3% to 7.6%. 3 This study is planned to gather clinico-epidemiological data regarding poisoning in children in rural tertiary care hospital , so as to create awareness and help to reduce the occurrence of poisoning, morbidity and mortality associated with it.This hospital based observational study was conducted in children aged 1-12 year admitted in paediatric emergency ward presented with accidental poisoning from any source
BMC Pediatrics, 2010
Background To determine the agents of poisoning and demographic distribution of children brought to Civil Hospital Karachi (CHK) with a history of accidental poison intake and to examine the factors associated with it. Methods This hospital based descriptive study of first 100 patients from both sexes who presented to Pediatric department, CHK from 1st January 2006 till 31st December 2008 with exposure to a known poisonous agent and fulfilling other inclusion criteria were included in the study. Data regarding their demographic profile and potential risk factors was collected on a well structured proforma, cases were followed until discharge or expiry. Data was analyzed using frequencies, proportions, group means, median and standard deviations. Results The male to female ratio in our study was 1.2:1, with kerosene (50%) being the most common household agent followed by medicines (38%), insecticides (7%) and bathroom cleaners (5%). Factors such as mother's education level, number of siblings and storage place of poison correlated significantly with the cases of accidental poisoning. Most of the children (70%) presented within 3 hours of ingestion. Dyspnea was the most common symptom observed. The mortality rate in our study was 3%. Conclusions Children belonging to age group 2-3 years are the most susceptible both in terms of morbidity and mortality. Preventive strategies need to be adopted at a national level to spread awareness among parents.