Mak Nyahs in Malaysia: Does HIV/AIDS Knowledge Really Reduce HIV-Related Risk Behaviours? (original) (raw)
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Transgenders in Kuantan, Pahang: Knowledge and Attitude towards HIV/AIDS
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Knowledge and Attitude towards HIV/AIDS among transsexuals in Kuantan, Pahang
International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2020
Introduction: Lack of knowledge and negative attitude towards HIV/AIDS may be the risk factors for HIV infection among transsexuals. Research on knowledge and attitude towards HIV infection in transsexual communities is very limited at both local and international levels. This study aimed to assess the knowledge and attitude towards HIV infection among the male-to-female transsexual community in Kuantan, Pahang. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out from July to August 2014 among 33 male-to-female transsexuals in Kuantan, Pahang. Convenience sampling was used. Participants who gave consent answered a self-administered questionnaire. Data obtained was analyzed with descriptive statistics, χ2-test, and independent sample t test. Results: The majority of the subjects in this study were 29 years and below (48.5%), Muslims (93.9%), and had completed up to secondary education (60.6%). Most of them were sex workers (60.6%), and had relatively low income (no income to RM 3000, me...
International Journal of Asian Social Science, 2018
The remarkable challenge in alleviating HIV/AIDS rates in Malaysia continued from its first case in 1986. Since then, a number of government initiatives have been put in place to address the escalating rates of HIV/AIDS especially among people who inject the drug (PWID). While HIV infections among intravenous drug users reportedly saw a steady decline, we seem to be leaving some people behind—women. This study seeks to examine HIV/AIDS knowledge, perceptions, attitudes, and perceived risk among women in Malaysia. We recruited 384 respondents, including 170 males and 210 females. As this research focused on women, 210 females were therefore selected for data analysis. The results show that the knowledge of HIV/AIDS modes of transmission among the surveyed respondents were rather high. However, there were some respondents who still believed that kissing and sharing utensils are the modes of HIV/AIDS transmission. Most of the respondents had moderate positive perceptions and a discriminatory attitude towards people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV). In terms of respondents' perception of risk of HIV/AIDS infection, surveyed respondents did not perceive themselves to be at risk of HIV infection. Nevertheless, they would protect themselves or their partners from HIV/AIDS infection by using condoms. More open discussion about HIV/AIDS should be held not only to raise the level of awareness but also to promote healthier behaviour and eliminate stigma and discrimination towards PLHIV.
Knowledge of HIV AIDS and Sexual Risk Transgender Women Behavior on Suburban City of Indonesia
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Objective: Transvestites are male sex-oriented women and look like women, transvestites physically want to look like women and psychologically they identify themselves as women. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between knowledge about HIV AIDS and risky sexual behavior in transvestites. Method: The research design used was Analytical Observational with a Crossectional Study approach. The number of samples of 103 people was selected by Purposive Sampling from all transvestites in Majene Regency. Retrieving data using knowledge questionnaires and risky sexual behavior. Data were analyzed using Fisher's Exact Test. Results: Average age of 25.33 years (SD = 4.43). Only about 13% had received university or higher education. The results of this study indicate that 33.0% with high level knowledge categories and 67.0% categories of lower level knowledgeableThe results showed a value of P: 0.007. Conclusion: There is a relationship between knowledge about HIV A...
International Journal of Academic Research in Psychology, 2020
The objective of this study is to qualitatively describe the ineffective condom practice rates, sexual high-risk ratio, and HIV/AIDS prevalence among the transgender population in Southern Thailand (Pattani, Yala, and Narathiwat provinces). The snowballing sampling method was employed to select 30 transgender respondents, and the semi-structured face-to-face interview sessions were held to gather data. As a result, although most of the respondents were aware of the dangers posed by HIV/AIDS, they were uncertain about the transmission of HIV virus. Additionally, most of the respondents failed to get tested in order to determine their HIV/AIDS status. Another rising concern is that a majority of the respondents were unaware of the significance of safe sex using condoms. Hence, supporting bodies should disperse awareness pertaining to effective use of condoms and the importance of safe sex in combatting HIV/AIDS.
HIV & AIDS Review
Background: Acquired immuno-deficiency syndrome (AIDS) continues to be a public health challenge. Migrant workers are vulnerable to indulge in high-risk health behaviors. In this context, we analyzed the impact of perceived knowledge and attitude towards human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/AIDS on sexual behavior among migrant workers in Sarawak, Malaysia. Material and methods: Data of 314 migrant workers were collected via face-to-face interview, using a cross-sectional structured questionnaires. Data analysis were done using Stata version 16.0; however, a structural equation model was developed and evaluated with WarpPLs, version 7.0. Results: Hypothetical model of sexual behavior, and perceived knowledge and attitude towards HIV/ AIDS were investigated in the present study. Analysis revealed that both directly and indirectly mediated through attitudes towards HIV/AIDS influence sexual behavior (p < 0.05). Moreover, attitude towards HIV/AIDS directly influenced sexual behavior (p < 0.05). However, knowledge of HIV/AIDS transmission did not affect sexual behavior (p > 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that construction workers (p < 0.05) and daily wage (p < 0.001) had an impact on HIV and AIDS knowledge. Type of job such as farming (p < 0.05), daily wage (p < 0.05), and HIV and AIDS knowledge had an impact on attitude towards HIV and AIDS. However, type of job and daily wage appeared to be significant predictors of sexual behavior. Conclusions: Although this study did not describe overall sexual behavior scenario among migrant workers, the findings could support guidelines and policies to developed awareness-creating packages, including HIV/AIDS behavior change communication. That would help to diminish HIV/AIDS vulnerability among migrant workers.
BMC Public Health, 2015
Male-to-female transgender (waria) individuals are at high risk for HIV. This study aims at mapping the psychological determinants of four HIV-related health-seeking behaviors. This knowledge can be used to develop effective interventions to prevent the spread of HIV/AIDS. The study involved 209 waria from five districts in Jakarta, selected with a cluster sampling procedure. Cross-sectional data were gathered through structured interviews. The four examined behaviors are, visiting sexually transmitted infections (STIs) services regularly, adherence to STI treatment, taking an HIV test and picking up the result of HIV test. For all four behaviors, specific measures of the psychological determinants as defined by the Theory of Planned Behavior were developed: attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control (PBC). Logistic regression analyses were conducted with these three psychological measures as independent variables and the behaviors as dependent variables. Of the 20...