The Historical Process Through the Prism of the Cultural Civilizational Approach: Thepast and the Present (original) (raw)
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ІСТОРИЧНИЙ ПРОЦЕС ЧЕРЕЗ ПРИЗМУ КУЛЬТУРНО-ЦИВІЛІЗАЦІЙНОГО ПІДХОДУ: МИНУЛЕ ТА СУЧАСНІСТЬ
Shìdnoêvropejsʹkij ìstoričnij vìsnik, 2021
The purpose of the research is to analyze the place and role of the culturalcivilizational approach within the problem field of historical research studies. The research methodology is based on the principles of historicism, objectivity, interdisciplinarity. The authors used hermeneutic, cultural historical, historical logical, transdisciplinary, and integrative approaches. The scientific novelty of the study consists in the justification of the feasibility of further development and use of the cultural and civilizational approach in contemporary historical science, which has become especially relevant in the context of nowadays globalization processes. The Conclusions. The results of the study allow us to conclude that the cultural civilizational approach has a powerful potential to become one of the most fruitful tools of the historical exploration in the new millennium. As the approach enables scientists to combine the study of general and specific in history; to analyze the development trends of both planetary society and local civilizations from the standpoint of contemporary achievements and problems; to understand their logic within the worldview and value system of any given culture. The expansion of the functional field of cultural civilizational approach will promote intercultural dialogue of the members of different regional communities, as well as the representatives of historical science; in this dialogue, the various vectors of socio cultural interaction will not exclude, but will mutually complement each other.
Amazonia Investiga, 2023
The diverse contradictions of the modern world, social and international conflicts, the growing trends of both globalization and national isolation, the rapid development of communication technologies against the background of growing gap between poverty and wealth of the countries and within them are evidence of another crisis in the system of international relations, of the entire world order. The growth of entropy has once again raised the question of the lack of a holistic and systematic understanding of the processes of socio-historical development, and actualizes the need to analyze theories that consider the development of large socio-cultural communities. In this regard, it is important to study socio-philosophical and philosophical-historical theories and views, united in a civilizational approach. The dominance of the formational approach in Soviet historical science ended in the late 1980s. And in 1995 the Russian Academy of Sciences recognized that civilizational theory can serve as one of the conceptual principles for analyzing and describing the historical process in textbooks for schools and universities. The object of our article is the essence of the civilizational philosophical and historical concept. The subject is the discourse, in the space of which there is developed a methodology, and are analyzed the categories of the civilizational approach to history. We apply general theoretical research methods: analysis, synthesis, comparison, interpretation. It is shown that within the framework of the theory under consideration methodological differences are significant, so several theoretical varieties are identified and the key categories of the civilizational concept in them are interpreted differently.
Categories and methods of civilizational approach in modern philosophical and historical discourse
Revista Amazonia Investiga
The diverse contradictions of the modern world, social and international conflicts, the growing trends of both globalization and national isolation, the rapid development of communication technologies against the background of growing gap between poverty and wealth of the countries and within them are evidence of another crisis in the system of international relations, of the entire world order. The growth of entropy has once again raised the question of the lack of a holistic and systematic understanding of the processes of socio-historical development, and actualizes the need to analyze theories that consider the development of large socio-cultural communities. In this regard, it is important to study socio-philosophical and philosophical-historical theories and views, united in a civilizational approach. The dominance of the formational approach in Soviet historical science ended in the late 1980s. And in 1995 the Russian Academy of Sciences recognized that civilizational theory ...
Culture, a micro and macro-historical phenomenon and process
Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences
Culture, as a sign of identity, becomes a contentious issue now more alive when creating a strategy more strongly integrated cultures. Cultural identities have become, contrary to these trends integrative elements beyond stereotype, structures considered "standard", saying the multiplicity of cultural phenomenon, where the plurality of forms and cultures does not threaten anything universality. Recognition of cultural diversity as a phenomenon, but also as a process, involving value, historical essential condition of survival. Cultural entities, in all their the inner diversity demonstrates that universal as the key concept of the contemporary world cannot be understood outside the cultural analysis that structures, identity. Evaluation and enhancement of a specific ethno-geographic zones and areas, in our case that presented the works they submit to analysis, demonstrates once again that involves macro-history "local history" means universal and the particular cultural level, not as simple mathematical sum, but primarily as a historical value.
Until recently, cultural studies was a part of knowledge that was treated by the academic world in an ambivalent way. On one hand, there was a belief that the humanities, including the social sciences, in some way belong to each other, with the understanding that they at least partly create a common field. On the other hand, there was a visible tendency to diversify the expanding specializations, by creating new disciplines of knowledge which were separated from the original core. Cultural studies were perceived as an eclectic type of knowledge embracing almost everything, starting with demography and archeology through sociology, psychology and history, also encompassing economics and cultural management. This situation was also expressed by the institutional structure of scientific disciplines. Nowadays it has become apparent that this postmodern fragmentization of culture is petering out. This has created the necessity of a new synthesis in the humanities. It has resulted in the institutionalization of ‘cultural studies’ for which the Polish equivalent can be expressed as ‘kulturoznawstwo.’ Moreover, in relation to postmodernism, (especially models of postmodern narration and phenomena such as over interpretation while analyzing an investigated object), which is a common feature of all the humanities, we may go beyond the postmodern canons. While postmodernism is becoming the subject of reflection in the history of knowledge, there are new methodological propositions coming to light. They are partly the continuation of but also the opposition to postmodern depictions. In that exact moment, cultural studies as a scientific discipline arises. These two reasons, one institutional and the other thematic, have become an invitation for discussion about the identity of cultural studies as a field of knowledge. The aim of the conference was to bring together researchers who are engaged in research on culture. The discussion was not limited to their differences, but also included common points in particular disciplines. The research subject has taken the first step towards formulating a general methodology of the science of culture. The variety of presented research perspectives and the problems which cultural studies will face points towards the necessity of further ventures which would organize and order both subjects and methods of cultural studies research. The opportunity to take more profound reflections and desired polemics in this field will surely be included in the publication of the post-conference materials.
ABOUT APPLICATION OF SOME PHILOSOPHICAL CONCEPTS IN CULTURE STUDY
European Journal of Arts East Vest” Association for Advanced Studies and Higher Education GmbH, ISSN 2310-5666. Austria,, 2017
In modern Azerbaijani culturology activization of methodological direction will serve to appearing of deconstructive potential. Taking figures and events, which are the components of culture, as values and information, there appears demand in refusal from vulgar matter and material imagination. Culture is also the history of connotation of values and symbols. Connotative importance of values and symbols is there additional meaning. Positive connotation of the words, as "value", "crisis", "decadence", "civilization" and "modern" has turned them into the terms with considerable methodological result.
Selection of Methodological Principles for Actual Research on Culture
Culture studies become more popular at the current stage of development of science. The object of some researchers is theoretical development of problematics of culture; the others intend to deal with applied investigations of new spheres of human life. But in spite of the very essence of investigations on culture (theoretical or empirical) and its object, selection of methodological principles remains one of the most important problems for every concrete program of research on culture. A brief historical survey of the problem of selection of methodological principles for research on culture, carried out in the article, allowed us to draw a conclusion that the program of contemporary culture studies is based on the principle of necessity for direct observation of various forms of social correlations; and a concrete program of scientific investigations on culture is stipulated by selection of methodology for study of social interrelations. On the one hand, selection of the basic form of social interrelations depends on subjective intentions of a researcher carrying out his investigations on culture; on the other hand, selection determines concrete objects and methods of culture studies based on direct observation of people’s social life. Consideration of the genesis of the West-European and American investigations on culture on the base of studying of K.H. Marx’s, I.A.М.F.X. Comte’s, B.K. Malinowski’s, A.R. Radcliff-Braun’s, and L. A. White’s conceptions allowed us to examine the process of formation of methodology of culture studies. Its starting point was K.H. Marx’s discovery of economic relations as the only possible foundation of social relations, according to his conception. There appeared a fork in the further development of methodology: one of its branches still remains determined by economy and the other is a progressive alternative of formation of methodology of culture studies initiated by I.A.M.F.X. Comte, who had turned metaphysical speculations to positive scientific control over social processes. B.K. Malinowski kept on with that vector of development; the step he made towards formation of methodology of culture studies is a turn from speculative theorizing to study of social reality in field condition. A.R. Radcliff-Braun confirmed the ethodological thesis on division of approaches of research on culture into speculative, or ethnologic, and functional, or socio-anthropological, ones. According to A.R. Radcliff-Braun, socio-anthropological method is of more importance, for it allows us to deduce general functional principles of existence of culture on the base of the phenomena of social life directly observed. L.A. White’s desert is synthesis of historical and functional methods carried out and enriched, each taken separately.