Statistical analysis of the received signal over multipath fading channels via generalization of shot-noise (original) (raw)
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Paper on Second Order Statistics of Various Fading Channels
2014
Radio-wave propagation through wireless channel is a complicated phenomenon characterized by fading which is the result of multipath propagation. In wireless communication system, random process associated with fading channels can usually characterized by their PDF (Probability Density Function) and CDF (Cumulative Distribution Function). Signal fading can drastically affect the performance of terrestrial communication systems. Several statistical models are available for describing the fading envelope of the received signal in which Rayleigh, Rician and Nakagami are the most frequently applied models. Higher-order statistics such as Level Crossing Rate (LCR) & Average Fade Duration render (AFD) insight into signals which is not always available at lower orders.
Review Paper on Second Order Statistics ofVarious Fading Channels
International Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical, Electronics and Instrumentation Energy, 2014
Radio-wave propagation through wireless channel is a complicated phenomenon characterized by fading which is the result of multipath propagation. In wireless communication system, random process associated with fading channels can usually characterized by their PDF (Probability Density Function) and CDF (Cumulative Distribution Function). Signal fading can drastically affect the performance of terrestrial communication systems. Several statistical models are available for describing the fading envelope of the received signal in which Rayleigh, Rician and Nakagami are the most frequently applied models. Higher-order statistics such as Level Crossing Rate (LCR) & Average Fade Duration render (AFD) insight into signals which is not always available at lower orders.
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The complex electromagnetic propagation phenomena involved in modern wireless communications are taken into account by appropriate channel modeling. Statistical channel models are a powerful tool for communication engineers since they are able to capture the fundamental behavior of the wireless channel with reasonably simple mathematical formulation. New communication scenarios and services demand novel statistical channel models or extensions of those used in the field of wireless communications.
Conference on Decision and Control, 1999
This paper discusses the use of stochastic differential equations to model signal envelope variations over areas, which are subject to short-term fading effects. The short-term fading effects are modeled using Ornstein-Uhlenbeck processes and they are derived from first principles, using the scattering assumption of electromagnetic waves. This gives rise to signal envelope variations which follow a mean-reverting square-root process, which is elastically pulled towards a long-term mean which characterizes the propagation environment. The derived signal envelope distributions include generalizations of Rayleigh, Rician, Nakagami etc. distributions to their nonstationary analogs and thus generalizing channel models to include time variations. From these computations the second order statistics of the received signal are obtained
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IEEE Transactions on Communications, 2000
Second order statistics provides a dynamic representation of a fading channel and plays an important role in the evaluation and design of the wireless communication systems. In this paper, we present a novel analytical framework for the evaluation of important second order statistical parameters, as the level crossing rate (LCR) and the average fade duration (AFD) of the amplify-and-forward multihop Rayleigh fading channel. More specifically, motivated by the fact that this channel is a cascaded one and can be modeled as the product of N fading amplitudes, we derive novel analytical expressions for the average LCR and the AFD of the product of N Rayleigh fading envelopes (or of the recently so-called N * Rayleigh channel). Furthermore, we derive simple and efficient closed-form approximations to the aforementioned parameters, using the multivariate Laplace approximation theorem. It is shown that our general results reduce to the corresponding ones of the specific dual-hop case, previously published. Numerical and computer simulation examples verify the accuracy of the presented mathematical analysis and show the tightness of the proposed approximations.
Stochastic models for long-term multipath fading channels and their statistical properties
Conference on Decision and Control, 1999
This paper discusses the use of stochastic differential equations and point processes to model the long-term fading effects during transmission of electromagnetic waves over large areas, which are subject to multipaths and power loss due to long distance transmission and reflections. When measured in dB's, the power loss follows a mean reverting Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process, which implies that the power loss is log-normally distributed. The arrival times of different paths are modeled using non-homogeneous Poisson counting processes and their statistical properties of the multipath power loss are examined. The moment generating function of the received signal is calculated and subsequently exploited to derive a central limit theorem, and the second-order statistics of the channel.
On statistics of the mobile rayleigh fading channel in non-isotropic scattering environments
2007 International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies, 2007
Scattering encountered in many wireless communications scenarios is non-isotropic. Assumption of uniform distribution of Power Azimuth Spectrum (PAS) in a non-isotropic scattering environment introduces significant errors on the second order channel statistics which are the basis for the estimation of some important receiver parameters. Moreover, there are certain applications in communications that rely solely on the statistics of the channel. In this contribution, we use the wellknown Jacobi-Anger expansion of the plane wave to develop a discrete-time generalized Rayleigh fading channel model that models the statistics of the channel in closed form in general, nonisotropic and isotropic, scattering environments. We compare the statistics of the channel for different commonly used non-isotropic scattering distributions, first, on the basis of autocorrelation, and, then, using a function (mutual information) of the correlational properties of the channel. In the latter case, through simulations, we observe the effect of varying different parameters like the angular spread, the block length of transmission and the mobile velocity which gives some interesting insights.
A generalisation of the Rayleigh distribution with applications in wireless fading channels
Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing, 2011
The signal received in a mobile radio environment exhibits rapid signal level fluctuations which are generally Rayleighdistributed. These result from interference by multiple scattered radio paths between the base station and the mobile receptor. Fading-shadowing effects in wireless channels are usually modelled by means of the Rayleigh-Lognormal distribution (RL), which has a complicated integral form. The K-distribution (K) is similar to RL but it has a simpler form and its probability density function admits a closed form; however, due to the Bessel function, parameter estimates are not direct. Another possible approach is that of the Rayleigh-inverse Gaussian distribution (RIG). In this paper, an alternative is presented, a generalisation of the Rayleigh distribution which is simpler than the RL, K and RIG distributions, and thus more suitable for the analysis and design of contemporary wireless communication systems. Closed-form expressions for the bit error rate (BER) for differential phase-shift keying (DPSK) and minimum shift keying (MSK) modulations with the proposed distribution are obtained. Theoretical results based on statistically well-founded distance measurements validate the new distribution for the cases analysed.