The pattern of branching and intercommunications of the musculocutaneous nerve for surgical issues: anatomical study (original) (raw)
Related papers
Anatomical Variation in Musculocutaneous Nerve A Cadaveric Study
National Journal of Integrated Research in Medicine, 2014
Introduction:-Variation in origin, branching pattern, course and termination of musculocutaneous nerve are common. These anatomical variations important for anatomist, clinicians, anaesthetics and surgeons for avoid unexpected complication. Material & method:-Detailed study of 50 upper limbs of cadavers carried out in last 3 year. Result-in this study 4% cases there is absence of musculocutaneous nerve. Musculocutaneous nerve not piercing coracobrachialis and communicate with median nerve in 4% cases and musculocutaneous nerve rejoins with median nerve in 2% cases. Conclusion:-In this study we found significant variation in musculocutaneous nerve which is important for surgeons, while planning surgery in axilla and arm to avoid injury.
A case study of musculocutaneous nerve variations
International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 2015
Background: Musculocutaneous nerve variations may become evident clinically or may be encountered during surgery. These are of importance for neurologists, traumatologists and orthopaedicians. Methods: 70 upper limbs from 35 embalmed cadavers were studied during the study period of 2 years during routine dissection in the Department of Anatomy S.M.S. Medical College, Jaipur, India. Results: A branch from musculocutaneous nerve arising at a distance of 6 cm from acromion process of scapula. A branch arising from median nerve at a distance of 14.4 cm from acromion process and joins with the branch of musculocutaneous nerve at around 17.4 cms away from the acromion process. The nerve thus formed by the union of the branches from median and musculocutaneous nerves further goes and joins the Radial nerve just before entering the cubital fossa. Conclusions: While performing shoulder surgery, the palpation of musculocutaneous nerve is of great importance, as it may get injured by the retractors which are placed under the coracoid process during the surgery. Frequent shoulder dislocation, coracoid process grafting and arthroscopy might damage the nerve as well as the muscle. This article might fulfil the gap in the original research work in this field.
Non Piercing Variation of Musculocutaneous Nerve
Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2015
Musculocutaneous nerve arise from lateral cord of brachial plexus and run downward & laterally by piercing the coracobrachialis muscle in normal course and further continues as the lateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm after supplying coracobrachialis, biceps brachii and brachialis muscle. Many variations ranging from absence of nerve to non-piercing of the coracobrachialis muscle by the musculocutaneous nerve has been reported. In present study dissections of total 40 preserved upper limbs were carried out & it was noted that in one right upper limb & two left upper limbs, musculocutaneous nerve was not piercing the coracobrachialis. Musculocutaneous nerve passed over coracobrachialis and branch was given to coracobrachialis, biceps brachii and brachialis. It was noted in one case of left upper limb among two having non-piercing course, that after giving branch for brachialis, musculocutaneous nerve joined median nerve in lower part of arm. Surgeons need to consider these anatomical variations while exploring area near axilla and below coracoid process.
“MUSCULOCUTANEOUS NERVE AND ITS VARIATIONS”
IASET, 2013
The precise knowledge of the course, branching pattern and erstwhile variations of the musculocutaneous nerve and its possible communication with the median nerve is valuable in traumatology of the shoulder joint, explorating procedures, flap dissections, etc.,. The intrafascicular distance of each branch of the musculocutaneous nerve is important in microsurgical procedures to develop or refine a surgical methods required, so as to plan adequate treatment and to avoid iatrogenic injuries to the nerve in the neurosurgical department thereby increasing the clear perfection of surgical operative and practical approach. The present study aims to find out the origin, course, branching pattern of musculocutaneous nerve and connections of musculocutaneous nerve in the arm. The present study presented with dissection method. Total 40 upper limbs was procured from embalmed cadavers of J.J.M. Medical College, Davanagere during 2011-12.the detailed study history was obtained from the hospital records. Collected data was analyzed by using Minitab -6.50 version University analyses was employed to draw the significant inference. Matched frequency was used to find out the variations between different categorical and clinical variables.
Background: Musculocutaneous nerve, a branch from the lateral cord of brachial plexus supply the muscles of the front of the arm. Musculocutaneous nerve has frequent variations in arm. Aim: To analyze the morphological variations between musculocutaneous nerve and median nerve in the arm. Materials and Method: 56 upper limbs belonging to 28 embalmed cadavers (M: F: 20:8) donated over last 3 years in the Anatomy Department, SMIMER Medical Collage, Surat were utilised for this study. The dissections of the upper limbs were performed as per Cunningham's manual. The variations and/ communications between musculocutaneous nerve and median nerve if any were identified and documented. Results: Variations were encountered in 12 (21.43%) out of 56 upper limbs of the present study. In 6 upper limbs below the coracobrachialis, musculocutaneous nerve and median nerve showed communicating rami. In 1 upper limb musculocutaneous nerve was giving larger communication to median nerve as third root. In 2 upper limbs medial cord formed the median nerve and fibres from musculocutaneous nerve join the median nerve as lateral root below coracobrachialis. In 1 upper limb musculocutaneous nerve completely fused with median nerve after supplying coracobrachialis. In 2 upper limbs muculocutaneous nerve was absent and median nerves was supplying the flexor muscles of the arm and were associated with the 3rd head of biceps brachii muscle. Conclusion: The data obtained from the study were in the mid-range of previous studies. Awareness regarding such variations as well as communications is important for surgeons, orthopaedics and anaesthetist that are treating the lesions of shoulder and arm region.
A Study onthe Variations of Musculo-Cutaneous Nerve In Relation To Coracobrachialis & Median Nerve
The musculocutaneous nerve is a branch coming from lateral cord of brachial plexus. After origin it enters the arm by piercing the coracobrachialis and supplies it along with other muscles of arm, then it continue into the forearm as lateral cutaneous of forearm. Variations in the branching pattern of nerve are not uncommon but have clinical significance during surgical procedures involving brachial plexus block and in diagnostic clinical neurophysiology.Methods:In the present study, 100 upper limbs of 50 cadavers preserved with formalin available in the department of anatomy were dissected and the formation, course, relations and branches of musculocutaneous nerve in the axilla, arm, forearm and hand were observed and compared with the previous studies of various authors.Results:In the present study, 8% of the specimens showed communicating branches with the musculocutaneous nerve &in 2% of the specimens the median nerve was innervating anterior compartment of the arm along with the absence of musculocutaneous nerve.
2018
The anatomical knowledge of the musculocutaneous nerve and its variations play an important role for the surgeons, due to the fact that one of the complications in many upper-limb surgical procedures involve injury to this nerve. During our routine dissection, we observed an anatomical variation of the musculocutaneous nerve taking origin from the lateral cord of the brachial plexus and after passing through the coracobrachialis muscle it then gave a communicating branch to the median nerve in the left upper limb of a male cadaver. The union between the musculocutaneous nerve and the median nerve occurred approximately at the midpoint of the arm. We consider this variation to be rare.
Anatomical Variations between Median and Musculocutaneous Nerve
Background: Anatomical variations of peripheral nerves and their connections are potentially important clinical issue. The aim of the present research was to study the variations between median and musculocutaneous nerve in the arm with respect to its branching pattern as well as communication of median with musculocutaneous nerve. Methods: Present study was carried out in 30 preserved human cadavers. The upper limbs of these cadavers were dissected and variations found were noted and photographed. Results: In one of the male cadaver (age ranging from 60-65 years) variations were observed in both the upper limbs. In the right arm the median nerve showed three roots of origin, the third root being a branch from musculocutaneous nerve. In the left arm the musculocutaneous nerve descended down with median nerve till lower end of axilla. Then it gave a branch which supplied a twig to coracobrachialis muscle and it self extended downwards to supply other muscles of arm. Conclusion: These observations are important in surgical repair of traumatic injury to shoulder joint. They also help in studying the dysfunction of upper limb related to median and musculocutaneous nerves. Thus these types of variations of the nerves of the arm should be considered prior to trauma evaluations and reconstructive interventions.
Bratislava Medical Journal, 2013
Background: The course of the brachial plexus, its relations with surrounding structures and unique primary and secondary divisions result in its wide range of anatomical variations. Most of these variations were detected during anatomical dissections and studies. It has been found that 53% of studied brachial plexuses contained variations. The communication between musculocutaneous and median nerves is the most common variation of infraclavicular part of brachial plexus. Methods: During gross anatomical dissections of peripheral nerves, we observed neuronatomical variations in upper limbs of four formalin embalmed adult cadavers. Musculocutaneous and median nerves were connected by a communicating branch at distinct level in each cadaver. The formation and relations of both nerves were noted in each case to exclude the existence of other anatomical variations. The connections were measured and documented by digital camera. Results: The communicating fi bers of variations 1 and 2 were located in the upper third of arm and proximally to musculocutaneous nerve penetration through coracobrachialis muscle. In variations 3 and 4, the communicating branch was situated in the lower third of arm and distal to the nerve penetration point. Conclusion: Variable interconnections between musculocutaneous and median nerve have to be considered in diagnosis of nerve lesions in axillary and arm regions. Compound musculocutaneous and median nerve neuropathy would occur in lesions of the interconnecting branches. Injuries of musculocutaneous nerve proximal to these branches can cause particular and unexpected symptoms, such as weakness of forearm fl exors and thenar muscles ). Full Text in PDF www.elis.sk.