Critical Success Factors for the Adoption of Decision Tools in IPM (original) (raw)
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Integrated Pest Management Of Field Crops
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Insect pests, diseases, nematodes and weeds constitute major biotic stresses in crop production systems inflicting 15 to 25% or more yield losses. Adverse effects of pesticides can be countered through adoption of integrated pest management (IPM), which emphasizes harmonious use of safer and environment friendly methods of pest suppression. IPM works on the premise that all pest population levels are not injurious to crops. It is a knowledge intensive decision based activity and requires tools and techniques for its execution. IPM algorithm involves crop loss assessment, pest risk analysis, development of pest surveillance and forewarning methodology and decision support tools for harmonious integration of management tactics within the framework of Integrated Crop Management system. IPM modules for various field crops are based upon integration of resistant cultivars, cultural, mechanical and physical methods, natural enemies, biopesticides and pesticides to suppress pest population...
1999
A decision support system for preventive integrated pest management (IPM) and nonpoint source (NPS) pollution control was designed, implemented and evaluated. The objective of the system was to generate plans at the farm level to satisfy economic and production goals while limiting risks of insect pest outbreaks, nitrate and pesticide leaching and runoff, and soil erosion. The system is composed of a constraint satisfaction planner (CROPS-LT), a modified version of CROPS (Stone, 1995), a farm-level resource management system (FLAME), an NPS module, which includes a weather generator, CLIGEN (Nicks et al. 1995), and an NPS distributedparameter model, ANSWERS , databases, a database engine and utility programs. The performance of the system was analyzed and performance enhancing features were added to increase the planner's ability to find near-optimal plans within a limited planning time. Using heuristics to sort potential crop rotations based on profit generally improved the planner's performance, as did removal of fields that were not suitable for growing target crops.
Beyond Compliance: Integrated systems approach for pest risk management
2011
In August 2010, the National Plant Protection Organisation (NPPO) of Malaysia, the Department of Agriculture, hosted a meeting in Kuala Lumpur to develop a project proposal concerning the use of Systems Approaches for managing risks in plant health. Under the auspices of the WTO-STDF funded PPG-328, the NPPOs of Thailand, Vietnam, Indonesia, The Philippines and Malaysia met with Imperial College London (ICL) and Queensland University of Technology (QUT) to consider the further development and implementation of a method to model and make decisions about managing pest risks in plant commodity trade.
Biological Invasions, 2020
Globalisation of trade in plants is a highrisk pathway that initiated many plant pest invasions. Models for ranking invasive pests are thus important to risk managers since they help them quickly adapt management strategies. Therefore, the Biological Organisms data Retrieval and Ranking system (BiOR 2) process was developed and enabled highthroughput data acquisition connected to a risk assessment model. Its main characteristics are being objective, generic and based on sound science, namely pest risk analysis and multicriteria decision aid. The probability of entry, establishment and spread as well as the likely economic and environmental impacts were estimated separately through 24 independent criteria for which score calculation was precisely described. Moreover, data storing and processing in BiOR 2 enable its further use for answering several risk-related questions. The behaviour of BiOR 2 was explored regarding sensitivity as well as other features such as the 'fit for purpose' approach through an adaptable weighting system. The management of missing data and the expression of uncertainty in BiOR 2 were also described. Moreover, BiOR 2 was compared to previous models and expert statements in order to evaluate the modifications and deviations it generates with respect to these approaches respectively. The contribution to policy recommendations such as pest prioritisation was also investigated. In 2016, 278 pests have been assessed with BiOR 2 for France and 110 pests for French Overseas Departments, which highlights its applicability to several geographic areas. Lastly, the fulfilment of suggested good practices by BiOR 2 in the field of prioritisation studies was also verified.
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Satisfying the demand for agricultural products while also protecting the environment from negative impacts of agriculture is a major challenge for crop management. We used an ecophysiological model of plant-pest interaction and multi-criteria decision analysis to optimize crop management when considering two contrasting objectives: (1) maximizing crop production and (2) minimizing environmental impact related to fertilization, irrigation and pesticide deployment. The model provides an indicator of crop production for 27 management scenarios, obtained combining three levels of fertilization, irrigation and pesticide use, respectively. We computed the environmental impact relevant to each management scenario by means of a weighted sum of costs assigned to fertilization, irrigation and pesticide use. We identified the optimal scenarios with respect to the considered objectives analysing the Pareto front. These scenarios were mostly characterized by high fertilization and no pesticide ...
EPPO Bulletin, 2012
The Beyond Compliance project, which began in July 2011 with funding from the Standards and Trade Development Facility for two years, aims to enhance competency and confidence in the South East Asian sub-region by applying a Systems Approach for pest risk management (International Standard for Phytosanitary Measures No. 14, FAO 2002). Systems Approach involves the use of integrated measures, at least two of which are independent, that cumulatively reduce the risk of introducing exotic pests through trade. Although useful in circumstances where single measures are inappropriate or unavailable, the systems approach is inherently more complicated than single-measure approaches, which may inhibit its uptake. The project methodology is to take prototype decision support tools, such as Control Point-Bayesian Networks (CP-BN), developed in recent plant health initiatives in other regions, including the European PRATIQUE project, and to refine them
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This paper presents a DIagnostic Advisory Rule-based Expert System for Integrated Pest Management (DIARES-IPM) in Solanaceous crops. DIARES-IPM is an operational automatic identification tool that helps non-experts to identify pests (insects, diseases, nutritional deficiencies and beneficial insects) and suggest the appropriate treatments. The objective of this expert system was to serve as a diagnostic, extension and educational tool in vegetable IPM and it includes the most economically important diseases, insects (noxious and beneficial insects) and nutritional deficiencies that affect these crops. All the diagnostic knowledge is contained in an integrated knowledge base. This is of great importance for IPM, in which all the pests are to be taken into account if an appropriate management strategy is to be applied. The methodology can also be applied to other vegetable crops without needing to rewrite the core knowledge base, while the overall system design, with minor changes, could be applicable to pest diagnosis or pest risk assessment in any other agro-ecosystem. To implement DIA-RES-IPM, EXSYS tool for Windows was used and the knowledge is represented in the linguistic form of IF-THEN rules. The expert system has been evaluated following conventional expert system evaluation methodologies.