Whole Grain-Wheat Flour Production Using Ultra-Centrifugal Mill (original) (raw)

Whole Wheat Milling and Baking Studies of Hard Red Spring Wheat

2016

Interest has been growing in whole grain products. However information regarding the influence of ultra-centrifugal mill on whole grain flour was limited. An experiment was conducted to produce whole-wheat flour with Hard Red Spring (HRS) wheat using an ultracentrifugal mill. This study determined the effect of centrifugal mill parameters as well as grain moisture (10-16%) on producing whole-wheat flour and its final products. Mill parameters studied were rotor speed (6,000 – 15,000 rpm) and feed-rate (12.5 – 44.5 g/min). Results showed that fine particle size was favored by low seed moisture content (10-12%) and high rotor speed (12,000 – 15,000 rpm). Flour moisture content was positively related to seed moisture content. Wheat grain with low seed moisture content (10 – 12%) milled using high rotor speeds (12,000 – 15,000 rpm) produced desirable whole wheat flour quality, with 70-90% of fine particle size portion and low starch damaged (less than 11%). This whole-wheat flour produc...

Wheat Grinding Process with Low Moisture Content: A New Approach for Wholemeal Flour Production

2020

The objective of this study was to determine the grinding characteristics of wheat with a low moisture content. Two kinds of wheat—soft spelt wheat and hard Khorasan wheat—were dried at 45 °C to reduce the moisture content from 12% to 5% (wet basis). Air drying at 45 °C and storage in a climatic chamber (45 °C, 10% relative humidity) were the methods used for grain dehydration. The grinding process was carried out using a knife mill. After grinding, the particle size distribution, average particle size and grinding energy indices were determined. In addition, the dough mixing properties of wholemeal flour dough were studied using a farinograph. It was observed that decreasing the moisture content in wheat grains from 12% to 5% made the grinding process more effective. As a result, the average particle size of the ground material was decreased. This effect was found in both soft and hard wheat. Importantly, lowering the grain moisture led to about a twofold decrease in the required g...

Laboratory-scale milling of whole-durum flour quality: effect of mill configuration and seed conditioning

Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 2017

BACKGROUND: Research was conducted to develop a laboratory milling procedure to make whole-durum flour. An ultracentrifugal mill was evaluated by determining the effect of mill configuration and seed conditioning on particle size distribution and quality of whole-wheat flour. RESULTS: Particle size of whole-wheat flour decreased as screen aperture decreased from 1000 to 250 m; as rotor speed increased from 6000 to 18 000 rpm; and as seed conditioning moisture content decreased from 150 to 90 g kg −1. Feed rate during milling did not affect particle size distribution. Starch damage decreased as screen aperture increased; as rotor speed increased from 6000 to12 000 rpm; and as seed conditioning moisture content decreased from 150 to 90 g kg −1. Flour temperature varied with milling parameters but did not exceed 34 ∘ C. CONCLUSION: An ultracentrifugal mill configured with a rotor speed of 12 000 rpm, screen aperture of 250 m, and seed conditioning moisture of 90 g kg −1 resulted in a fine whole-wheat flour where 82% of particles were <150 m, starch damage was 59 g kg −1 , and flour temperature was below 35 ∘ C.

Substantiation of the Technology of Processing Wheat Grains Into Wholemeal Flour

Food Science and Technology, 2020

The article presents and briefly discusses the benefits of consuming wholemeal products, including wholemeal flour. The production technologies of wholemeal flour have been classified, and their advantages and disadvantages analysed. The academic community’s research results are contradictory: researchers disagree about whether recombined wholemeal flour is higher in its biological and nutritional value than ordinary flour or not, nor their findings allow definitely recommending this or that technology of its production as effective. Therefore, it is important to develop a new technology of producing wholemeal flour for flour mills. This technology would incorporate the advantages of existing grinding methods and at the same time minimise their negative impact on the gluten complex quality and the nutrient content. The purpose of the study is to give reasons for the structure of the combined technological scheme of milling and the optimum modes of wholemeal flour production. The pro...

Effect of Wholewheat Flour Particle Shape Obtained by Different Milling Processes on Physicochemical Characteristics and Quality of Bread

Food Technology and Biotechnology, 2020

Research background. Wholewheat flour is a very good source of nutritional compounds and functional ingredients for human diet. Yet, its use causes negative effect on bread quality. Different milling techniques could be used to obtain wholewheat flour, minimizing the negative effect of both bran and germ on bread quality. The aim of this work was to study the effect of particle size and shape of wholegrain flour on the interaction between the different components, the water distribution, dough rheology and bread volume. Experimental approach. Wholewheat flour of three varieties (Klein Rayo, Fuste, INTA815) were obtained by cyclonic, hammer and roller mills. The characteristics of wholewheat flour were explored, and the water distribution and rheological properties of dough were determined by thermogravimetric analysis and Mixolab test, respectively. Finally, microscale bread was prepared. Results and conclusions. The amount of water-soluble pentosans, damaged starch and wet gluten w...

Wheat bread quality attributes using jet milling flour fractions

LWT, 2018

The potential use of an ultrafine flour fraction obtained by jet milling pulverization of a commercial white wheat flour in breadmaking was explored in this study. Three bread formulations were made by mixing the commercial flour with different levels of the ultrafine fraction (0, JM0, control; 50% JM50; and 100%, JM100), having flour median particle size values, d 50 , 75, 24 and 21μm, respectively. With decreasing flour particle size the loaf specific volume, crust lightness and pore size decreased, whereas crust and crumb hardness increased. Upon storage, starch retrogradation, crumb hardness and crust moisture increased, while crust hardness, and crumb elasticity, cohesiveness and moisture decreased due to the staling events. A trained panel detected the changes in sensorial attributes upon storage, but differences between JM0 and JM100 breads (fresh and staled) were not perceived.

Effect of different milling methods on chemical composition of whole wheat flour

European Food Research and Technology, 2001

In order to assess the effect of different types of milling methods on protein and lipid composition of whole wheat flour, two types of wheat varieties belonging to strong and weak wheat type were selected and milled in different mills such as plate, hammer, stone and roller mills. The temperatures generated during grinding of wheat in stone, plate, hammer and roller mills were 90, 85, 55 and 35 °C respectively. The studies on SDS-PAGE indicated degradation in proteins of whole wheat flour obtained from stone and plate mills, especially in the high molecular glutenin regions. Greater loss of total amino acids was also observed in the above milled flours when compared with that of hammer and roller milled samples. Free lipid content was lower in flours milled in stone and plate mills when compared with that of flours milled in other mills. Unsaturated fatty acid content, particularly linolenic acid, was lower in stone milled flour (1.3%) followed by plate mill (2.2%), hammer mill (2.8%) and roller flour mill (3.8%). The trends in the above values as influenced by different milling methods remained similar both in the weak and strong wheat types.

Rationale of Technology for the Common and Hulled Wheat Processing Into Whole Grain Flour

Grain Products and Mixed Fodder’s, 2020

The article is devoted to rationale the need of expand the range of flour products and increase its nutritional and biological value by the whole wheat flour production. The article shows the main tasks and problems facing the modern grain processing industry: increasing the utilization rate of grain; reducing the energy intensity of grain processing technological process; and to expand the range of end-products with increased nutritional and biological value. The production of whole grain flour (WGF) will allow expanding the range and increasing the nutritional value of the finished products. Ukraine's state standards for WGF are absent today. DSTU 46.004-99 named «Wheat flour. Specifications» applies only to high-grade flour and dark flour. The studying of Ukrainian WGF quality indicators showed that some manufacturers are guided by DSTU 46.004-99 in the WGF production, other manufacturers control the quality of flour with their own local specifications. Depending on such indi...