Effect of variety and planting date of rice on population of natural enemies of brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stal) (original) (raw)
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Journal of Scientific & Industrial Research, 2010
Multiple linear regression models (pest-weather models) were developed between monthly mean brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens light trap catches and monthly mean values of minimum temperature (Tmin), maximum temperature (Tmax), morning relative humidity (RH 1 ) and evening relative humidity (RH 2 ) observed at Maruteru, Andhra Pradesh during 2000-2007 kharif seasons. Comparison between predicted and observed BPH light trap catches at Nellore (kharif 2004 and 2005), Ragolu (kharif 2003-2007) and Rajendranagar (kharif 2005 and 2007) evinced very high level of congruence between them, thereby validating agro-ecological zoning of BPH incidence in Andhra Pradesh. Knowledge of BPH incidence levels in different zones would facilitate strategic decisions with regard to selection of crop cultivars and management practices, and prediction of probable life of resistant cultivars.
A Review on Brown Planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stål), a Major Pest of Rice in Asia and Pacific
Asian Journal of Research in Crop Science, 2021
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the most important staple food in the world including Asia and Pacific. Millions of people around the world depend on rice due to the high calories and economic returns it provides. More than 100 species of insects including 20 economic pests are capable of causing notable damage to rice plants. Insect pests continue to pose threat to rice farming since rice plants serve as their host plants. Pests are major constraints to rice production and coexist with rice growth. Information on pest economic importance, description, biology, distribution, economic threshold level, population dynamics, monitoring and forecasting is a prerequisite. This review is focused on brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stål) which is an important economic rice pest that are prevalent in tropical rice growing regions. Brown planthopper (BPH) is a serious pest of rice and has tremendous impact especially in Asia-Pacific region. Understanding the biology and ecology of this pest wi...
Natural biological control by spiders in rice
2000
There are relatively few insect pest problems in unsprayed, irrigated rice. Spiders are numerous early season predators and are thought to play an important role in the suppression of insect pests such as plant-and leafhoppers. Pest resurgence after insecticide spraying has been clearly linked to the negative impact of insecticides on spiders and other natural enemies. In particular, recent studies show that spiders depend on detritivores for food during fallow periods. The relatively low prey quality of pest species suggests that alternative prey serve as important food supplements. Future changes in the irrigated rice cropping system, such as direct seeding, chemical rather than manual weed control, mechanization and larger field sizes, will have significant impacts on spiders and other beneficials, thus disrupting natural biological control in rice.
Environmental Entomology, 1982
Three rice varieties, IR29, IR40, and IR42, which are, respective IX , susceptible, moderately resistant, and resistant, to Nilaparvata Lugens Stl'11 in the Philippines, were treated in the field with decamethrin, an Insecticide known to cause resurgence. N. Lugens populations increased to a significantly higher level in the treated plots than in untreated checks, but the degree of resurgence varied among varieties. the maximum population increases in the treated plots compared with the checks were ca. 74-, 50-, and 5-fold, respectively, for IR29, IR40, and IR42. Decamethrin was toxic to predators, and this reduction of natural enemies of N. Lugens may have contributed to the pest resurgence. However, the differences between populations of N. Lugens in treated and non treated plots within varieties were larger than differences in predator numbers, suggesting that other factors were also involved.
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia, 2017
Brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens Stal. (Hemiptera: Delphacidae), is an important pest of rice. This pest can cause hopperburn and field failure. This research aimed to determine the effects of population density and host availability on migration of N. lugens. The criteria used to justify the effects of host availability and population density on migration of N. lugens were based the hardness and tannin tests of the rice stems, fecundity of N. lugens, and the life cycle of N. lugens. The research was conducted under the temperature of 29.42°C with relative humidity of 61% and Light 12: Dark 12 times, using ten pairs of N. lugens brachypterous (F0 constant) and then was added with five male adults on fifth days after the first infestation (F0 changed). The varieties used were IR64, as a resistant variety, and Ketan Lusi, as a susceptible variety. The results showed that the adding of the macropterous males did not affect the number of macropterous, because of that has been preplanned by the F0. Therefore, the percentage of existing macropterous was 51−52%.
Journal of entomology and zoology studies, 2019
Brown plant hopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stal.), one of the major insect pest in paddy has developed resistance against the majority of insecticides which has created a new challenge for its management. Growing of BPH resistant varieties is an economical, environmentally safe and effective strategy to manage this pest. In the present study, 105 Plant Hopper Screening (PHS) and 25 Multiple Resistant Screening Trial (MRST) of rice genotypes were screened in the glasshouse conditions along with resistant (PTB-33) and susceptible checks Taichung Native-1(TN1). The standard seedbox screening method was used for the bulk screening of entries. The rating scale and level of resistance were adopted from the standard evaluation system for rice but the ranges for percent dead seedling were constructed to facilitate the rating based on percent seedling mortality due to BPH damage. According to observations, entries RP 2068-18-3-5, RP 6121Bphk17-2, IR 73382-80-9-3-13-2-2-1-3-B (HWR-16), IR 77390-...
Sequential Sampling Plan for Rice Planthoppers with Incorporation of Predator Effect
Journal of Biological Control, 2013
Spatial distribution of rice planthoppers, Nilaparvata lugens (Stal) and Sogatella furcifera (Horvath) together, and their predators, spiders and mirid bugs was studied on Pusa 1121 rice during rainy season 2010 through Taylor's power law and Iwao's mean crowding regression. Planthoppers as well as their predators followed aggregated distribution in the field. Sequential sampling plans based on Taylor's distribution parameters (a = 0.398, b = 1.614) and economic injury level (10 hoppers/hill) were formulated for rice planthoppers with and without consideration to predation by spiders and mirid bugs. During pre-flowering, sequential plans suggested need for control when two rice hills harboured cumulative planthopper population of 36 hoppers with predators and 27 hoppers without predators. Likewise, during post-flowering phase, control was required if two rice hills had cumulative population of 51 hoppers with predators compared to 27 hoppers without predators. Sequential...
Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia, 2023
Rapid assessments on the outbreak of rice brown planthoppers (BPH) (Nilaparvata lugens Stål) were conducted to investigate the status of BPH populations and the causative factors behind the outbreak. These assessments served as the basis for developing a proper action program. The assessments took place in Banyubiru Sub-District, Semarang District covering four villages (Kebondowo, Rowoboni, Tegaron, Kebumen) in December 2013. We analyzed BPH data, along with information about farmers' practices in managing pests collected through interviews conducted in January 2018 in Indramayu. Additionally, we examined data on the number of BPH-infested areas in Java from 2010 to 2020 and the stock of insecticides in Java in 2021. Simple statistical analyses were carried out. The BPH population had spread throughout Banyubiru and was present in all sampled plots. The average number of BPH eggs ranged from 115.25 to 379.65 per rice hill, while the BPH nymphs and imagoes ranged from 3.42 to 11.87 per rice hill. The relatively low nymphs to imagoes ratio might be influenced by the high BPH predator populations, which ranged from three to six individuals per rice hill. Suspected causes of BPH resistance and resurgence included the application of banned and improper insecticides, as well as the repeated use of the same insecticide active ingredients for an extended period. It is recommended to discontinue the mass spraying of insecticides to prevent further plant damage. In 2022, the Pest Control Movement has suggested replacing chemical insecticides with biological or natural pesticides. Intensive extension programs are strongly needed.
tropentag.de
The cultivation of tropical Asian rice, which may have originated 9,000 years ago, represents an agricultural ecosystem of unrivalled ecological complexity. However, this crop is heavily infested with various pests. These pests have been reported to cause > 80 % damage to rice crop. The control strategies of these pests mainly rely on the application of chemical insecticides. However, indiscriminate use of chemical pesticides has led to health as well as environmental hazards and increasing the cost of cultivation. These studies were conducted in the major irrigated tropical rice fields of Leyte, Philippines. We have observed that abundance of various species of arthropod pests including leaf hoppers (Cicadellidae; Nephotettix species and others), plant hoppers (Delphacidae), bugs (Pentatomidae, Scotinophara coarctata and Coreidae), Coleoptera (mainly Chrysomelidae) and grasshoppers (Acrididae and Tettigoniidae), their natural enemies includes dragonflies (Anisoptera), damselflies (Zygoptera), ladybird beetles (Coccinellidae) and spiders (Araneae) were highly associated with various stages of the crop growth. In chemical treated site, maximum number of pest population was observed during the early tillering stage and remain present during the whole duration of the crop. Coreidae and Alydidae infested rice simultaneously, and remained abundant together, while Delphacids pests were noticed fare abundance in early stage of the crop. However in untreated site Cicadellidae pest was found more abundant during the tillering stage, high number of Alydidae, Coreidae were recorded during the milking and maturity stage of the crop. Spiders and Coccinellidae found more during tillering stage to milking stage. These results also give correlation as when the pest population developed; the predator population soon became abundant. On average pests found with more abundance than the predators.