Risk factors associated with mortality in COVID-19 patients: a retrospective case control study (original) (raw)
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Analysis of Mortality Factors in COVID-19 Patients; Systematic Review
International Journal Of Science, Technology & Management, 2021
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a highly contagious disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus. The increase in the number of COVID-19 cases is progressing quickly and has been spread between countries. As of October 14, 2020, there are 213 countries/regions around the world that have reported Covid-19 with a total of 38,002,699 confirmed cases of which 1,083,234 died. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between mortality factors and mortality in COVID-19 patients to predict the patient's prognosis. This research method is a systematic review through a literature review on mortality factors in COVID-19 patients Literature searches were accessed through internet searches using the Pubmed database based on the preferred reporting items for systemic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA). A systematic search was carried out on 18 October-20 October 2020 with the keywords "COVID-19" AND "Death" OR "Decease" AND "Factor Associated". There were 8 literature selected that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Based on the findings of the eight journals, mortality is old age, male, has a clinical condition of hypertension, obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, lung disease, neurological disease, lymphophenia laboratory test results, hyperlactate dehydrogenase, increased procalcitonin, increased neutrophils, increased C-reactive protein, and increased D-dimer. All literature reported that a p value <0.05 was obtained from the analysis of the relationship between mortality factors and cases of death in COVID-19 patients. There is a significant relationship between mortality factors and the death of COVID-19 patients, where the mortality factors are elderly, male, have a clinical condition of hypertension, obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, lung disease, neurological disease, lymphophenia laboratory test results, hyperlactate dehydrogenase, increase in procalcitonin, increase in neutrophils, increase in C-reactive protein, and increase in D-dimers in which the prognosis of patients who have mortality factors tends to be worse.
Factors Associated with Death of Covid-19 Patients: Case Series
Serbian Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research
This aim of this study was to identify potential factors associated with survival in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID- 19). This study was designed as a case series. It included patients hospitalized in Clinical Centre Kragujevac between March 10, 2020, and June 15, 2020, due to COVID-19. Variables with significant influence on the cure of patients were identified by multivariate logistic regression. A total of 234 patients were included. The average age of the patients was 57.2 ± 15.8 years. Thirty-five patients died (15.0%) and 199 (85.0%) were discharged as completely cured and with the sustained virological response. The study variables with significant influence (expressed as odds ratio – OR) on cure of COVID-19 patients after adjustment for effects of other variables were: stay in an intensive care unit – ICU (OR = 0.007; 95% confidence interval – CI 0.001 – 0.086; p = 0.000), previous hospitalization (OR = 7.802; 95% CI 1.198 – 50.924; p = 0.032), increased body ...
Risk factors for mortality among COVID-19 patients
Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 2020
COVID-19 is a current global pandemic. However, comprehensive global data analyses for its mortality risk factors are lacking. The current investigation aimed to assess the predictors of death among COVID-19 patients from worldwide open access data. Methods: A total of 828 confirmed cases of COVID-19 with definite outcomes were retrospectively identified from open access individual-level worldwide data. Univariate followed by multivariable regression analysis were used to evaluate the association between potential risk factors and mortality. Results: Majority of the patients were males 59.1% located in Asia 69.3%. Based on the data, older age (adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 1.079; 95% confidence intervals (95% CI), 1.064-1.095 per year increase), males (aOR, 1.607; 95% CI, 1.002-2.576), patients with hypertension (aOR, 3.576; 95% CI, 1.694-7.548), diabetes mellitus (aOR, 12.234; 95% CI, 4.126-36.272), and patients located in America (aOR, 7.441; 95% CI, 3.546-15.617) were identified as the risk factors of mortality among COVID-19 patients. Conclusions: Males, advanced age, hypertension patients, diabetes mellitus patients, and patients located in America were the independent risk factors of death among COVID-19 patients. Extra attention is required to be given to these factors and additional studies on the underlying mechanisms of these effects.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH
Introduction: Coronavirus Disease in 2019 (COVID-19) is globally a major factor in the mortality of patients. Hence, there is an immediate requirement to recognise the mortality predictors in the COVID-19 patients. Aim: To identify the clinical features and risk factors for the mortality of adult patients suffering from COVID-19 in Sirjan, Iran. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, all demographic, clinical, laboratory data of COVID-19 patients who were admitted to hospitals of Sirjan city was collected from July to October 2020 and data was analysed in November 2020. In this period, 269 patients with COVID-19 were admitted. The findings based on the considered parameters of patients in the hospital was recorded; Univariable and multivariable logistic regression methods were applied to find the risk factors due to in hospital death. Results: Out of 269 patients, 39 patients (14.5%) died in the hospital and the rest were discharged. A total of 152 (56.5%) patien...
Clinical and Demographic Predictors of Mortality due to COVID-19 Pandemic: A Retrospective Study
https://www.ijhsr.org/IJHSR\_Vol.11\_Issue.5\_May2021/IJHSR-Abstract.011.html, 2021
The alarming statistics of COVID-19 surges up in 2021 throwing an enormous burden on the healthcare system across the world. According to WHO reports on 14th April 2021, globally 136,996,364 confirmed COVID-19 cases are reported across the continents, including 2,951,832 deaths. The state of Maharashtra reported the maximum number of cases of India including high mortality rate. This study was conducted to identify and describe the relation of different predictors (Age, gender, duration of hospital stay, presence of co morbidities) of mortality among the COVID-19 deceased patients by retrospectively analyzing the medical case records of 121 patients from a dedicated COVID hospital at Aurangabad from July 2020 to December 2020. Chi-square test was performed to assess the association between causes of death with different cluster of variables and their significance. This study helps us to identify risk factors that show association between various predictors and mortality rate in COVID-19 patients. Out of 121 deaths, 96 (79%) were male, 61 (49.6%) were in age group between 60-79 years, ARDS was one of the major complication in the deceased patients accounting 29.8% and cardio respiratory arrest was the common cause of death among the deceased patients with 85%. It was also observed that mortality rate was very higher in the initial five days of hospitalization with critical care support. Our result findings provide clinical inferences for physicians to identify high-risk factors with COVID-19 at a very early stage.
Predictors of mortality related to Covid-19
World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 2022
Introduction: The new 2019 coronavirus has spread rapidly around the world, creating a pandemic. Since the beginning of the pandemic, 6.012.035 patients have died. The objective of this study is to identify clinical and biological parameters associated with high mortality in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. Material and methods: We report a retrospective study carried out in a Covid department of the Mohamed VI University Hospital of Marrakech between 20 October and 20 December 2021. Patients were divided into 2 groups: a survivor group and a decedent group. Results: We collected 103 cases during this period. A male predominance was noted in 55.3% of cases. The group of deceased included 9 cases (8.7%) while the group of survivors contained 94 cases (91.2%). The average age of the patients in the survivor group was 44.6 years, while it was higher in the deceased group (60.6 years). We noted that the deceased patients had more arterial hypertension (55.6% vs. 10.6%) and heart diseas...
Predictors of Mortality of COVID-19 cases In Benazir Bhutto Hospital Rawalpindi
Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College, 2021
Background: There has been a global epidemic of COVID-19 caused by novel corona virus (SARS-2). Current research aims to study the demographic, clinical characteristics and co-morbidities in COVID-19 related deaths. Methodology: This observational (descriptive) study was conducted at BBH Rawalpindi based on data from 1st March-15th June 2020 after ethical approval. Inclusion criteria was the deceased COVID PCR positive cases (>18 years age) of both the genders. Exclusion criteria was negative PCR, doubtful diagnosis and expiry outside the hospital setting. Data was collected from hospital record and family members. Demographic details, symptoms, duration of hospital stay, co-morbidities, type of ventilatory support were documented. Data analysed by SPSS, significant p<0.05. Results: There were 54 expiries from1st March to 13th June, 42(78%) males & 12(22%) females. Mean age was 54.24+12.78 years. 76% had various comorbidities, i.e., diabetes (57%), hypertension (54%), ischemic...
Literature Review: Risk of Death in Covid-19 Patients
Unnes Journal of Public Health
Covid-19 is a contagious pulmonary infectious disease caused by a new type of coronavirus (SARS-COV-2). Covid-19 is a global pandemic that has infected millions of people and killed thousands of people in the world. Cases of death in Covid-19 patients were first discovered in China in December 2019. In Indonesia, since it was first discovered, cases of death of Covid-19 patients continue to increase and has become one of the countries with the highest fatality rate in the world reaching 9.11 percent. The purpose of this study is to determine risk factors for death in covid-19 patients in China in order to get guidance in preventing death in Covid-19 patients in Indonesia. This type of research is a literature review. The results of the study found five risk factors for death in Covid-19 patients, namely age, Covid-19 complications, the immune system (immunity), concomitant diseases (cormobidity), and treatment facilities. Suggestions of various risk factors for death in Covid-19 pat...
BMJ Open
ObjectiveTo describe mortality of in-hospital patients with COVID-19 and compare risk factors between survivors and non-survivors.DesignProspective cohort of adult inpatients.SettingTertiary healthcare teaching hospital in Guadalajara, Mexico.ParticipantsAll patients with confirmed COVID-19 hospitalised from 25 March to 7 September 2020 were included. End of study: 7 November 2020.Primary outcome measuresPatient survival analysed by the Kaplan-Meier method and comparison of factors by the log-rank test. Mortality risk factors analysed by multivariate Cox’s proportional-hazard model.ResultsOne thousand ten patients included: 386 (38%) died, 618 (61%) alive at discharge and six (0.6%) remained hospitalised. There was predominance of men (63%) and high frequency of overweight–obesity (71%); hypertension (54%); diabetes (40%); and lung (9%), cardiovascular (8%) and kidney diseases (11%); all of them significantly more frequent in non-survivors. Overweight–obesity was not different betwe...
Factors Associated with Mortality in COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Iranian Journal of Public Health
Background: The current study aimed to identify effective factors on the death among COVID-19 patients. Methods: All articles published in the period Jan 1, 2020, to Mar 23, 2020, written in English and reporting factors associated with COVID-19 mortality were reviewed. The random-effects model with 95% CI was used to calculate the pooled Odds Ratio (OR) and Hazard Ratio (HR). Data were analyzed using Stata ver.11.0. Results: The older age OR: 1.21(1.10-1.33) and male gender OR: 1.41(1.04-1.89) were most prone to death due to COVID-19. The Comorbidity with some chronic diseases such as Diabetes type2 OR: 2.42(1.06-5.52), Hypertension OR: 2.54(1.21-5.32), Kidney disorder OR: 2.61(1.22-5.60), Respiratory disorder 3.09 (1.39-6.88) and Heart diseases OR: 4.37 (1.13-16.90) can increase the risk of COVID19 mortality. Conclusion: Infection with COVID-19 is associated with substantial mortality mainly in older patients with comorbidities. We found the significant effect of age, gender and c...