Tube epifauna of the PolychaetePhyllochaetopterus socialisClaparède (original) (raw)
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Journal of The Marine Biological Association of The United Kingdom, 2001
A new species Spiochaetopterus nonatoi is described from the south-eastern coast of Brazil, the type locality being Flamengo Bight, 6-m depth (23830'S 45806'W). This species is distinguishable from already erected species of the same genus by the following characteristics: oculate specimens of large size; maximum segments, 197 (N=15); maximum tube length, 45 cm; maximum body length, 20 cm; orange coloration of the fore part (peristomium and segment 1) and of the ventral shield on segments 6^7; shape of the specialized enlarged cutting seta on A4 with an obliquely truncated distal end; this slightly concave section is heart-shaped and clearly asymmetrical; segments B1 and B2 with one lobe on the neuropodia. This additional description in the genus Spiochaetopterus con¢rms the limited geographical area of each species in this genus. In spite of the probable ability of planktonic larvae of Spiochaetopterus to disseminate throughout the Atlantic Ocean, the benthic adults of each species cover only a limited geographical area. In particular, the stem species S. costarum loses its cosmopolitan character.
Zootaxa
This study summarizes taxonomic information on polychaetes from Santa Catarina State, southern Brazil, between 25º57'S and 29º23'S, and provides species distribution records together with information on habitats, based on historical data and novel records from primary surveys. Rarefaction curves showed that most species were found in the shallow sublittoral (to 60 m) rather than in deep sublittoral (>60 m) or estuarine habitats. Altogether, 228 valid species belonging to 141 genera and 44 families were recorded. This inventory adds 141 new records to previous regional reports. We found a shift in occurrence of species when comparing data from the study area with data from both southward (29–33º S) and northward (23–26º S) sites. Few species were shared between consecutive sites: this could be a response to the regional behaviour of the atmosphere and water masses, with a progressive increase in the influence of subantarctic waters and a decrease in the influence of subtro...
Polychaeta in Estuary of the Piauí River Sergipe, Brazil
The distribution of infaunal polychactcs was exarnincd in order to discrintinate polychaete Ob5.embla:.e' in tbe estuary. In ~l arch 1987. 4.398 specimens were collccted in 123 samples from 15 arcas. A clustcr and ordinauon :m:l!)'u \\:b used to define benlhic polyc haete a ssemblage~. Two associat10ns were present wbicb were related to lhe hl!b and low encrgy depositmnaJ environments and hydrological gradients. The first group. restricted to Lhe upper n-a..-be of lbe e-tuiJ.l) was composed of Laeonereis acwa. Amplticreis gunneri, Hereromasws similis, Neanrh~s wccinca aDd Scoldtpu uxana The econd group. prcscnt in the middle section o f lhe estuary. was dominated by Prionospio (P.) c[ tlub1a. Scoloplos ~p .. Euclymene sp .. f solda pu/citei/a and Magelona papillicomis.
Diversity and distributional patterns of Polychaeta in the deep South Atlantic
Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 2010
This study provides new information about the composition, diversity and zoogeography of abyssal polychaetes in the little-studied South Eastern Atlantic (Angola Basin). During the austral winter of 2000, twenty-five box core samples (total area sampled 6 m 2 ) were taken along a 500-km transect in five work areas at depths exceeding 5000 m. A total of 1047 individuals representing 86 species belonging to 32 families was collected. Well over half the polychaetes (58 species; 67%) appear to be new to science, with the highest number of new species among the Cirratulidae, Paraonidae, Phyllodocidae, Ampharetidae, Opheliidae, and Spionidae. Eight of these new species were among the 16 dominant species in the deep Angola Basin whereas, 32 species (37%) were considered to be rare with only 1-2 individuals collected. Species accumulation curves did not level off at a fixed number of species, indicating that diversity would increase with additional sampling. Polychaete community assemblages among box core samples were highly variable. Ten of the known species are biogeographically widespread outside the Angola Basin whereas five appear to be restricted to the deep Atlantic. Two species have only been recorded in the Southern Ocean, and one in the southern hemisphere. Twenty (35%) of the species considered to be new to science were also found in samples from the deep Southern Ocean, whereas eight of the known species found in the Angola Basin have not been reported from the Southern Ocean to date. Surface deposit feeders and carnivores were the dominant functional groups both in terms of number of individuals and number of species. Necessary steps to further our knowledge of the little-known abyssal ecosystem are discussed.
Continental Shelf Research, 2011
This study presents a comprehensive assessment of the diversity and spatial distribution of the soft-bottom benthic macrofauna communities along the Portuguese continental shelf and discusses the relationship between biological and environmental data. A total of 145 sites were sampled using a 0.1 m 2 Smith-McIntyre grab covering the whole west and south coast of Portugal, at depths ranging 13 and 195 m. More than 30,000 specimens were identified corresponding to 737 taxa, mostly annelids (43% of the total taxa). The most frequent species were Ampharete finmarchica, Ampelisca sp. and Lumbrineris lusitanica while the most abundant were Mediomastus fragilis, Polygordius appendiculatus and Ampharete finmarchica. Abundance ranged between 7 and 1307 specimens per 0.1 m 2 and alpha diversity reached a maximum of 96 taxa per 0.1 m 2 . Gravel sediments, and shallow and sheltered areas presented higher diversity values than mud sediments and deeper sites. Six major benthic assemblages were identified: (a) Coarse sediments, mostly located on the western shelf, with Protodorvillea kefersteini, Pisione remota, Angulus pygmaeus and several other interstitial species; (b) near shore fine sands with Magelona johnstoni, Urothoe pulchella and Angulus fabula; (c) Abra alba community in northwestern deep muddy sands; (d) Southwestern very deep muddy sands characterized by Galathowenia oculata, Lumbrinerides amoureuxi and other burrowers and tubicolous polychaetes; (e) Euchone rubrocincta, Nematonereis unicornis and other warmer water species in muddy sands of the southern and sheltered shelf; and (f) muds dominated by Sternaspis scutata, Heteromastus filiformis and Psammogammarus caecus. Sediment grain-size, organic matter, depth and hydrodynamic regime were the variables best related to the macrofauna distribution patterns, highlighting the transitional characteristics of this northeastern Atlantic area, where northern and subtropical faunas can coexist.
2000
Polychaete worms represent an important group in soft bottom communities and their spatial structure is always closely related to grain size and other factors such as organic content. The main purpose of this study was to determine the spatial distribution of polychaetes in the bottom of a small and shallow bay (Saco do C6u), at Ilha Grande Island, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Thirty-nine stations were sampled over the bay at two different times of the year (January and July 1992). The Mantel test was used to compare sediment and biological matrices for January and July. The bottom of the studied area formed a mosaic which varied from fine to very coarse sand. The most abundant species were: Glycinde multidens, Sigamnbra grubii, Paraprionospiopinnata, Mediomastus cali4frniensis, Armandia agilis in fine sand and Magelona papillicornis, Goniadides carolinae, Eunice vittata in coarse sand. The cluster analysis and the Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) indicated the existence of differ...
Members of the polychaete taxon Sabellariidae Johnston, 1865 are known to live in sand tubes cemented onto rocky substrata, mollusk shells, or sea grasses. Of 37 known Sabellaria species, only nine were reported for the Brazilian coast, in all cases being associated with aggregates of other species. The genus is considered cosmopolitan. Herein we describe for the first time an aggregate of sabellariids composed by Sabellaria nanella and Sabellaria wilsoni. In addition, we describe a new species of Sabellaria. Lygdamis are represented by solitary species. None of the 17 known species were previously reported from the southwestern Atlantic Ocean. We report Lygdamis rayrobertsi for the first time in the South Atlantic