Emergency care with lay responders in underserved populations: a systematic review (original) (raw)
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BMJ open, 2016
The Disease Control Priorities Project recommends emergency care training for laypersons in low-resource settings, but evidence for these interventions has not yet been systematically reviewed. This review will identify the individual and community health effects of educating laypeople to deliver prehospital emergency care interventions in low-resource settings. This systematic review addresses the following question: in underserviced populations and low-resource settings (P), does first aid or emergency care training or education for laypeople (I) confer any individual or community health benefit for emergency health conditions (O), in comparison with no training or other forms of education (C)? We restrict this review to studies reporting quantitatively measurable outcomes, and search 12 electronic bibliographic databases and grey literature sources. A team of expert content and methodology reviewers will conduct title and abstract screening and full-text review, using a custom-bu...
Disasters, 2019
While the public can play a vital role in saving lives during emergencies, intervention is only effective if people have the skills, confidence and willingness to help. This review employed a five-stage framework to systematically analyse first aid and emergency helping literature from 22 countries (predominately in Europe, Australasia or US). 54 articles were included in the review and investigated public first-aid knowledge and uptake of first-aid training (40), public confidence in first-aid skills or willingness to help during an emergency (21); and barriers/enablers to learning first aid and/or delivering first aid in an emergency (25). Findings identifying high levels of perceived knowledge/confidence and willingness to help supports the contention that the public can play a vital role during an emergency. However, findings identifying low uptake levels, low tested skill-specific knowledge, along with barriers to learning first aid and helping suggest a first-aid training landscape in need of improvement.
Community First Aid Training for Disaster Preparedness: A Review of Education Content
KnE Life Sciences, 2022
Disasters pose a substantial risk to people’s health and well-being on a global scale. Community-based training on the initial response to traffic accidents has a considerable impact on reducing morbidity and mortality. There is no information on the most effective type of community-based training for such incidents or on how to integrate this into disaster response. The goal of this study was to characterize the content of first aid training and its effect on providing assistance during a disaster. The MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched. The terms ”basic life support” OR ”bleed control” OR ”cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)” OR ”first aid” AND ”bystander” OR ”layperson” OR ”public” were used. We chose the general public as our sample. We included only publications that were available in English and published between January 2000 and September 2021 due to time and resource constraints. Four of the included studies were conducted in the United Sta...
Mapping the public first‐aid training landscape: a scoping review
Disasters
While the public can play a vital role in saving lives during emergencies, intervention is only effective if people have the skills, confidence, and willingness to help. This review employs a five-stage framework to systematically analyse first aid and emergency helping literature from 22 countries (predominately in Asia, Australia, Europe, and the United States). The review covers 54 articles that investigate public first-aid knowledge and uptake of first-aid training (40); public confidence in first-aid skills and willingness to help during an emergency (21); and barriers to or enablers of learning first aid and delivering first aid in an emergency (25). The findings identify high levels of perceived knowledge, confidence, and willingness to help, supporting the contention that the public can play a vital role during an emergency. However, the findings also point to low uptake levels, low tested skill-specific knowledge, and barriers to learning first aid and helping, indicating that the first-aid training landscape is in need of improvement.
World journal of surgery, 2018
Though road traffic injuries (RTIs) are a major cause of mortality in East Africa, few countries have emergency medical services. The aim was to create a sustainable and efficient prehospital lay first responder program, creating a system with lay first responders spread through the 53 motorcycle taxi stages of Iganga Municipality. One hundred and fifty-four motorcycle taxi riders were taught a first aid curriculum in partnership with a local Red Cross first aid trainer and provided with a first aid kit following WHO guidelines for basic first aid. Pre- and post-survey tests measured first aid knowledge improvement over the course. Post-implementation incident report forms were collected from lay first responders after each patient encounter over 6 months. Follow-up interviews were conducted with 110 of 154 trainees, 9 months post-training. Improvement was measured across all five major first aid categories: bleeding control (56.9 vs. 79.7%), scene management (37.6 vs. 59.5%), airwa...
Background: Nowadays, disaster preparedness and responses are essential for everyone to be involved since the disaster becomes increasing. The Community Health Volunteers (CHVs) in particular are the key partners required adequately prepared in emergency care during disaster event. Purpose: The study aims to examine the essential knowledge and skills of emergency care during natural disaster for CHVs. Method: The reviews published during 2000 and 2011 searching from PubMed, Science Direct, CINAHL, ProQuest Medical Library were conducted. Result: Twenty-four articles and documents related to community-based disaster preparedness programs were intensively reviewed. Based on the review, six components of knowledge and skills for emergency care in natural disaster for CHVs are required including 1) early warning, 2) disaster triage, 3) first aid, 4) search and rescue, 5) logistic and communication, and 6) team organizations. Conclusion: There was a few studies focusing on the emergency ...
Injury, 2020
Introduction: Few countries in Sub-Saharan Africa have robust emergency medical services (EMS). The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends scaling-up lay first responder programs as the first step toward formal EMS development. Materials and Methods: We trained and equipped 4,529 lay first responders (LFRs) between June-December 2019 in Bombali District, Sierra Leone, with a 5-hour hands-on, contextually-adapted prehospital trauma course to cover 535,0 0 0 people. Instructors trained 1,029 LFRs and 50 local trainers in a training-of-trainers (TOT) model, who then trained an additional 3,500 LFRs. A validated, 23-question pre-/post-test measured knowledge improvement, while six-and nine-month follow-up tests measured knowledge retention. Incident reports tracked patient encounters to assess longitudinal impact. Results: Median pre-/post-test scores improved by 43.5 percentage points (34.8% vs. 78.3%, p < 0.0 0 01). Knowledge retention was assessed at six months, with median score dropping to 60.9%, while at nine months, median score dropped to 43.5%. Lay first responders participating in courses led by TOT trainers had a pre-/post-test median score improvement of 30.4 percentage points (21.7% vs. 52.2%, p < 0.0 0 01). LFRs treated 1,850 patients over six months, most frequently utilizing hemorrhage control skills in 61.2% of encounters (1,133/1,850). The plurality of patients were young adult males (36.8%) and 48.7% of encounters were motorcycle injury-related. Conclusion: A 5-hour first responder course targeting laypeople demonstrates significant emergency care knowledge improvement and retention. By training networks of transportation providers, lay first responder programs represent a robust and scalable prehospital emergency care alternative for low-resource settings.
Prehospital and Disaster Medicine, 2011
BackgroundBasic emergency care at primary, secondary and tertiary health care level in India is in its infancy. Lack of training in emergency care is an important factor. We designed AIIMS basic emergency care course (AIIMS BECC) to address the issue.ObjectiveTo improve the knowledge, skill and attitude of healthcare workers and laypersons in basic emergency care and to identify and train instructors.MethodsProspective study conducted over a period of one and half years. The target groups were medical, police, fire fighter, paramilitary forces, teachers, school children of India. Provider AIIMS BECC is of one day duration. The contents of the course are cardio-pulmonary resuscitation, chocking and special scenarios like trauma, electrocution, drowning, hypothermia, pregnancy, etc. Course was disseminated via lectures, audio-visual and hands on training. The participants were evaluated by pre and post test questions. Subjects had to score 80% to be successful and those who scored mor...