Current status of small bowel radiography (original) (raw)

Advances in Radiologic Evaluation of Small Bowel Diseases

Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography, 2013

There are various methods that could be used for small bowel imaging. Although conventional enteroclysis has a high sensitivity in the diagnosis of most of the small bowel diseases, it cannot provide any direct information about the mural-extramural diseases and the other abdominal structures. Besides, enteroclysis-based techniques have risk of additional radiation exposure, and they are poorly tolerated because placement of nasojejunal tube is required. New enterographic methods have been developed, and the number of enterographic techniques increased significantly in the recent years to overcome those limitations. The other modalities including ultrasound, small bowel follow-through, or capsule-endoscopy are often used as complementary methods in evaluation of the small bowel diseases. In this review, technique and clinic details, advantages, and disadvantages of the radiologic techniques that are used in the diagnosis of small bowel diseases, and the imaging findings of common pathologic conditions were discussed in the light of current literature.

CT and MR Enteroclysis in the Evaluation of Small Bowel Disease

Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare, 2015

The objective of our study is to find out the validity of Multi-detector row helical CT (MDCT) enteroclysis and Magnetic resonance (MR) enteroclysis findings with enteroscopy, histopathology, and clinical diagnosis taken as reference standard. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The study group for this blinded prospective study was composed of 64 patients with suspected small bowel disease. CT and MR enterocylsis examinations were performed on same patient and studies were interpreted by two radiologists. The reference standard for the presence of small bowel disease is based on the final clinical diagnosis after reviewing all of the available information. RESULTS: All 64 patients underwent CT and MR enteroclysis. The sensitivity and specificity of CT enteroclysis are 95% and 100% respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of MR enteroclysis are 90% and 100% respectively. Good interobserver agreement noted between CT and MR enteroclysis in evaluation of various parameters of small bowel diseases like bowel wall thickening, bowel wall enhancement and lymphadenopathy. CONCLUSION: CT and MR Enteroclysis examinations are reliable investigations in the evaluation of small bowel disease. Enteroclysis should supplement and precede enteroscopy to rule out luminal narrowing. Enteroclysis could differentiate crohns from intestinal tuberculosis in majority of cases.

Role of CT enterography in evaluation of small bowel disorders

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 2018

Background: Small bowel pathologies are an enigma for clinicians and difficult to assess and evaluate for clinicians. In order to establish the efficacy of MDCT Enterography in diagnostic characterisation of small bowel lesions, the current study was undertaken.Methods: A prospective observational cross-sectional study was carried out in a tertiary care hospital. 30 patients with clinically suspected small bowel disease underwent CT enterography using iso-osmotic mannitol as neutral enteral contrast. CT enterography diagnoses were compared with clinical, surgical and histopathological results.Results: CT enterography showed a sensitivity (95.83%), specificity (100%), positive predictive value (100%), negative predictive value (85.71%), accuracy (96.66%) in diagnosis of small bowel diseases.Conclusions: CTE is a non-invasive well tolerated and reliable imaging modality for the depiction of small-bowel diseases. It provides excellent visualization of luminal, mural and extraintestinal...

EVALUATION OF SMALL BOWEL DISEASES WITH THE HELP OF CT ENTEROCLYSIS

2019

Introduction: It is difficult to diagnosis of small intestine disease with the help of imaging tests. X-ray enteroclysis have limited diagnostic possibilities with a conventional technique. Because of this reason the last few years CT enteroclysis has been achieve on importance and nowadays this method is becoming the basic tool of small intestine imaging, used to detect its diseases. To evaluate patients with abdominal complaints Ultrasonography is widely used because of being non-invasive and easily available widely. Beside evaluated all bowel loops with high accuracy, intraluminal pathologies are not well evaluated. It has a low sensitivity and specificity for bowel pathology. In many clinical scenarios CT has become the modality of choice. CT enteroclysis is methods of examination in which contrast material is infused through a nasoenteric tube and contiguous axial images are observe after total opacification of adequately distended small intestine. Aim: The main aim of this study is to evaluate the role of CT enteroclysis in small bowel diseases. Material and Methods: In this study 30 patients with different age group were include with suspected and proven case of small-bowel diseases were referred to the Department of Radiology for CT enteroclysis. Patients with normal renal function tests were included taken up for CT enteroclysis scan after 4 hours of fasting. From the dome of diaphragm to the symphysis pubis in a cephalocaudal direction during a breath hold CT scan was performed in both arterial and venous phase. Result: This study group comprised 30 patients in which 20 (66.7%) were male and 10 (33.3%) were female. The most common age groups of patients were 10-30 years old age group followed by 30-60 years old age group. Out of 30 patients, 14 patients (46.7%) were positive findings and negative findings were obtained in 16 patients (53.3%). Out of total patients 14 patient's shows CT enteroclysis depicted a broad spectrum of pathologic processes that affected the small bowel. Among total positive cases 2(14.3%) cases of these were small bowel neoplasm and the remaining 12 (85.7%) patients depicted inflammatory/infective small-bowel diseases. Conclusion: CT enteroclysis is a valuable tool for small intestine diagnostics and helps to eliminating the defects of enterography. It also helps to show the detection of extraluminal disease as well as provides information relative to the entire abdomen which is not obtained with small-bowel follow-through or endoscopy. Therefore CT Enteroclysis is an excellent modality that can be utilized for a broad spectrum of diseases.

CT enteroclysis in the diagnostics of small bowel diseases

Polish Journal of Radiology, 2010

The role of CT enteroclysis is gaining on importance in the diagnostics of small bowel diseases. The aim of the study was to present own experiences in CT enteroclysis application, with the use of a 64-detector CT unit. CT enteroclyses were performed in 60 patients: 53 with the suspicion of the Crohn's disease, 2 suspected for carcinoid, 1 with suspicion of the fistula between the small bowel and the bladder, 2 suspected for the tumor of the ileo-caecal region, and in 1 case, the aim of examination was to carry out an evaluation of the postsurgical state of the bowel-bowel anastomosis. We used own endoscopic technique of catheter insertion into the bowel, which shortens the examination time and improves patient's comfort. The catheter was correctly introduced into the small bowel in 58 patients (endoscopy had to be repeated in 4 cases). Only 2 examinations failed, because patients refused repeated endoscopy. Radiological signs of the Crohn's disease were found in 50 out ...

Conventional enteroclysis with complementary MR enteroclysis: a combination of small bowel imaging

Abdominal Imaging, 2005

In recent years, there have been important improvements in different technologies and procedures to evaluate small bowel diseases. Among these new technologies and procedures: push enteroscopy, capsule endoscopy, magnetic resonance enteroclysis (MRE), and computed tomographic enteroclysis (CTE) have provided competitive and/or complementary modalities compared with classic conventional small bowel through and conventional enteroclysis (CE) examinations [1-10]. As very well appreciated, all modalities have their own advantages and disadvantages and indications and limitations. Despite these technologic advances, radiologic workup remains the first stage in the diagnosis of small bowel diseases and CE is the gold standard in the evaluation of mucosal pathologies, morphologic changes, and luminal and functional abnormalities . However, in some cases, the effectiveness of CE decreases due to overlapping bowel loops. In addition, pathologic changes may not be limited to the small bowel wall. Although CE provides indirect findings concerning the wall and perienteric structures, complementary imaging is often needed in cases in which the pathologic changes go beyond the small bowel wall. Cross-sectional imaging methods such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaginig (MRI) are not affected by overlapping bowel loops, provide sufficient information about mural pathologies, and determine the extraluminal extension of the disease and surrounding structures. Multidetectorrow CT (MDCT) and MRI have become successful alternative cross-sectional imaging modalities for more detailed small bowel examinations . MRI has multiplanar imaging capacity and excellent soft tissue contrast without any radiation exposure. In addition, with improved breath-hold, fast and ultrafast imaging sequences, high performance gradient coils, and dedicated abdominal phased array coils, image quality of gastrointestinal MRI has improved and the timing handicap has been overcome . MDCT shares the same advantages as MRI but radiation poses well-known risks ]. This report discusses the technique and findings of the combination of CE and MRE in the evaluation of different small bowel diseases.

MR Enteroclysis: Imaging Technique of Choice in Diagnosis of Small Bowel Diseases

Digestive Diseases and Sciences, 2005

MR enteroclysis is becoming a very important imaging modality in the workup and follow-up of small bowel diseases. The technique has many advantages, including the absence of ionizing radiation, ability to control luminal distension, superior tissue characterization, multiplanar capabilities, and mural and extramural visualization. These capabilities can be obtained with a simple protocol showing excellent agreement with conventional enteroclysis. In 29 (18 with new or known Crohn's disease) of the 50 patients pathology was detected, with a very good clinical correlation. In 14 patients MR enteroclysis data altered the therapeutic strategy. This contributes to the acceptance of this modality as a primary tool in small bowel diseases.

Radiologic management of small bowel obstruction: A practical approach

Emergency Radiology, 1994

The value of diagnostic imaging in the assessment of small bowel obstruction lies in its ability to answer questions to improve the clinical management of patients. These questions include: Is the small bowel obstructed? What are the level, cause, and severity of obstruction? Is strangulation likely to be present? Should treatment be operative or nonoperative? In this article, the different methods of contrast examination of the small bowel are reviewed, and recommendations to facilitate selection and performance of barium studies for small bowel obstruction are given. The indications for enteroclysis and computed tomography are discussed. A practical plain filmbased approach to the diagnosis and management of small bowel obstruction is presented. Radiology assumes considerable importance and responsibility since it is able to supply relevant answers to many of the questions concerning small bowel obstruction.