Repetitions, Their Phonetic Features And Functions In Kurmanji Kurdish (original) (raw)
Related papers
The Comparative Study of English and Kurdish Phonology
The purpose of this research is to investigate the phonology of Sorani Kurdish which is spoken by the Iranian Kurds and to compare it with English phonology. Here the attention is on Sorani dialect of Kurdish which is spoken at least by 8 million people in Iran and Iraq. Sorani is considered to be written, literal and better to say the standard dialect of Kurdish. Regarding to many problems for Kurdish learners we choose phonological system to be compared with English system because it is more basic and more finite than grammar or lexical systems and therefore more amenable to exhaustive description. The result of our study will help those who are dealing with pedagogical problems, as ELT. The Kurdish phonological description is based on existing data, which are collected and analyzed through some Kurdish native speakers (some high school students, some graduate students in education and elderly people).
Repetitions in Turkish: Talk among Friends
Forum Qualitative Sozialforschung
Repetitions are resources for maintaining intersubjectivity and collaborative meaningmaking in talk. The aim of this study was to investigate repetitions in more detail in terms of types of repetitions (self-other) to determine the functions of repetitions in conversations involving friends speaking in Turkish. After a comparison with another collection of conversations among family members, it was proposed that the use and functions of repetitions in conversations were influenced and modified by the quality and type of relationship among the participants.
The prosodic phonology of Central Kurdish
2016
This thesis investigates the prosodic structure of Central Kurdish; a language whose phonology and prosody is poorly studied. Within the framework of Optimality Theory, rhythmic categories (mora, syllable and foot) and prosody-morphology interface category (Prosodic Word) of the language is addressed. The thesis also includes comparing the prosodic units (below phonological phrase) with the parametric variation for each constituent. This study fills the gap in the work of the prosodic system of Central Kurdish and on its phonology as such. Based on the data, the thesis also assesses the conflicting sub-theories of prosodic phonology: the view which sees phonological representation as a hierarchical organisation of units of which the higher prosodic units are defined in terms of lower ones against a different view which argues against constituency in phonology. Being theoretical in nature, the researcher's intuition as a native speaker of the language under study is used for the description of the data. The validity of the data is being supported and cross-examined by the descriptive literature on the language. As it is described as the best method for interpreting prosodic phonology, Optimality Theory is used as the framework to analyse the data. The supporting evidence for each prosodic constituent is drawn from the (morpho)phonological processes that use the categories as the domain of their application. As the research question investigated covers a broad area in the prosody of Central Kurdish, the findings were wide-ranging and multi-layered. First, it was found that sequences of speech sounds are organised into constituents, which serve as the domain of certain phonological processes. Each prosodic constituent consists of at least a constituent of the lower constituent. Similar to syntactic categories, it was shown that prosodic categories (above syllable and foot) can be recursive and parsing can be nonexhaustive. Mora, though not a prosodic constituent within the prosodic hierarchy, can be sensitive to certain morphological processes and insensitive to phonological processes, i.e. sensitivity of processes can be a process-specific rather than languagespecific. The significance of the findings of this thesis is twofold. First, it is the first analytical prosodic study of Central Kurdish. Second, which is theoretical, Prosodic structure, at least for Prosodic Word, matches a syntactic constituent. iii Declaration The material contained within this thesis has not previously been submitted for a degree at Newcastle University or any other university.
2012
This paper is an attempt to compare and contrast the Kurdish and English intonation patterns and to know how English intonation may influence by the students' first language (Kurdish language). To do so, the data was collected through speech recording and interview from twenty Kurd advance language learners studying in an English institute in Javanrud. As a result of data analysis, using the Praat software (a computer program designed to analyze speech sounds), there were no influences from Kurdish intonation system to the learners' English intonation patterns. Also, series of interviews have been conducted, through which the Kurdish-speaking learners believed that there are no or very little differences between their own language intonation patterns and the English ones. I tried to consider the effect of Sorani Kurdish which is spoken in a large area of Iran and Iraq, namely, Kermanshah. So as to see whether there are differences between this kind of Kurdish and English int...
Glide Insertion And Dialectal Variation In Kurdish
One of the strategies used as a hiatus resolution is glide insertion. Previous Kurdish phonological works involve only a description of glide insertion in one dialect neglecting the segmental context. This study provides an analysis of glide insertion in word-medial vowel clusters in Kurdish and it is the first attempt to analyse the effects of dialect and segmental context. The speech material includes a set of words consisting of a stem plus a suffix with different vowel sequences at their boundaries. It is produced by four native speakers from four Kurdish speaking areas. The data analysis involves word transcription, their segmentation and the comparison of vowel sequences within and across the subdialects. The results indicate that glide insertion is not the only strategy used as word medial hiatus resolution, but it depends on the segmental context and dialect. Generally, the vowel hiatus is resolved by /j/ insertion. Vowel deletion is also used obligatorily in some segmental contexts when the second vowel in a sequence is /i/ and also when there are identical vowels in a sequences. Dialectal variations are observed in some vowel sequences in which /j/ insertion and vowel deletion both are used and when the first vowels in the sequence are the high back vowels in that /j/ and /w/ insertions are used. The findings suggests that /j/ insertion is the default strategy to resolve word-medial vowel clusters in Kurdish, the insertion of /w/ or vowel deletion are other strategies which are limited to some dialects and vowel sequences.
Markers and their functions: a case study on three discourse markers in ilami Kurdish
Discourse markers (hence after DMs) are those linguistic elements which connect the speech and sentences without changing the basic meaning. The present study intended to target the various functions of DMs in the speaking of speakers of Ilami Kurdish. To this aim the study took into account three DMs such as Khu, Di Cha, and um, in conversations of 20 Kurdish native speakers. Obtained results revealed a statistically significant use of these polysemous DMs by the speakers. Khu mostly functions as back channel to assure that hearer is following what the speaker is saying. Di Cha primarily acts as topic-introducing to start a new topic. Um in most cases is used as pause-filler for the speaker to buy some more time in organizing the next possible messages.
International Journal of English Linguistics, 2020
The article deals with the experimental-phonetic analyses of the discourse intonation in the English and Azerbaijan languages. Having researched the article, it becomes clear that discourse intonation (DI) is an approach to the teaching and analysis of everyday speech. The characteristics of intonation components in the formation of discourse have been touched upon in the article. The intonation is mentioned to be one of the main means in the formation of the discourse. It is a known fact that speech styles can be characterized by their lexical, syntactic and phonetic features. The attention is drawn to the distinguishing points of the speech of the people having various professions such as the speech styles of a teacher and a driver should be different not only from the lexical point of view but also from the phonetic point of view. During the conversation, one can come across some nuances of the speaker’s intellectual level, life experience and social status. It is also important ...
Topics in Linguistics
Self-repetitions as a compensation strategy potentially have a powerful influence on maintaining communication in L1 and L2 contexts. By subjecting two comparable corpora to contrastive interlanguage analysis, in the present study we explored the use of self-repetitions by L1 speakers of English and Turkish speakers of English and their structural and functional distributions. The results indicated that while L1 English speakers tended to utilize repetitions as fillers, L2 English speakers employed considerably more repetitions as self-initiated self-repairs. The results of the study suggest that, despite being used for different purposes, self-repetition occurs in L1 and L2 English speech indicating that self-repetitions cannot be associated with disfluency as long as they do not hinder the flow of speech. For this reason, raising L2 learners’ awareness might help them prevent breakdowns in L2 communication.
A Comparative Study of Phonological System of Kurdish Varieties
In this paper a range of methods for measuring the phonetic distance between dialectal variants are described. It concerns variants of methods as wordnet method for testing lexicostatic similarities and phonostatic differences, graded map and statistical analysis of linguistic levels. In addition, all features like simple (based on atomic characters) and complex (based on feature bundles) have been studied. The dialects were compared with each other directly and indirectly via a standard dialect. The results of comparison were classified by clustering and by training of a multidimensional map. The results were compared to well established scholarship in dialectology, yielding a calibration of the methods like information visualization technique. These results indicate that computational techniques are more sensitive in feature representations of dialects and such visualizations of information have good measures of phonetic overlap of feature bundles. The results of clustering give the sharper classification, but the graded map is a nice supplement. The findings show that Kurdish has composed of different regional groups which are relate to one ancestor which it might be the proto-Kurdish language and it is not a group of languages.
Current Issues in Kurdish Linguistics
Bamberg Studies in Kurdish Linguistics 1, 2019
Current Issues in Kurdish Linguistics contains ten contributions which span the field of Kurdish linguistics, both in terms of geography and in terms of the range of topics. Along with several works on Kurmanji (Northern Kurdish) and Sorani (Central Kurdish), two chapters shed light on the lesser-known Southern Kurdish language area. Other studies are comparative, and treat the Kurdish language area in its entirety. The linguistic approaches of the authors are a mix of formal and typological perspectives, and cover topics ranging from geographical distribution and variation to phonology, morphosyntax, discourse structure, historical morphology, and sociolinguistics. The present volume is the first of its kind in bringing together contributions from a relatively large number of linguists, working in a diverse range of frameworks and on different aspects and varieties of Kurdish. As such, it attests to the increasing breadth and sophistication now evident in Kurdish linguistics, and is a worthy launch for the new series Bamberg Studies in Kurdish Linguistics (BSKL).