The Specificity of the Development of Local Economies from the Influence Area of the City Râmnicu Vâlcea (original) (raw)

Development and Disparities at Local and Regional Level in Romania

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2000

Romania's regional policy is oriented today towards the eight regions of development. That is why, in order to understand the nature and dynamics of the regional disparities, poverty and social exclusion we shall analyze the main changes occurred in the human development process in Romania, in the last sixteen years. In order to achieve an accurate evaluation, we shall use indicators of regional economic development such as: unemployment indicator, occupation indicator, average number of employees, GDP, business figure of some companies from areas such as industry, construction, commerce and services. In order to develop a best suitable framework for analysis and measurements of the changes occurred at local and regional level, amongst the inclusion of classical indicators such as: the GDP and gross medium income we shall include four other fundamental dimensions: the occupational matrix of the active population; the professional and occupational mobility of the population in the last sixteen years; the social exclusion phenomenon (marginalization) and the integrating phenomenon (inclusion) and participation of the labour force in the new market economy. In order for the analysis of the disparities in Romania to be more relevant we shall comprise data, in comparison at historical regional level, not taking into account the new regions of development. Also our analysis on human development must be placed in the context of our days, by highlighting the actual tendencies and social structure at national level. In order to consolidate the ties between human development at local and regional level with other conditions (e. q. economic growth, macro-economic policies, distribution of financial resources) we mustn't promote only the accumulation of human capital (investment

Local Economic Structure Analysis of the North - West of Romania

Revista Economica, 2013

In terms of legal, political regionalization is characterized, in comparison with regional decentralization, by giving legislative power to regional assemblies, which has extensive powers, whose content is defined and guaranteed by the Constitution or at least in a constitutional text and to exercise it is an executive with the characteristics of a regional government. Regional development is therefore a form of organization of public administration with specific skills that can contribute to enhancing cooperation between administrative units and to strengthen local autonomy. Regional development in a country maybe the be highlighted with a set of financial ratios used in analyzing effects at the micro level.

Regional development of Serbia at the beginning of the XXI century

Bulletin of the Serbian Geographical Society, 2017

Problem of regional inequality in Serbia is rather noticeable. Regional inequality and polarization of Serbia can be observed primarily on the example of the City of Belgrade and the AP Vojvodina, which are according to numerous indicators of development evidently ahead other regions in the country. Negative development trends in Serbia present a major problem that threatens to jeopardize the future of regional and social development of the state itself and the process of European integration too. The paper presents some indicators of regional inequality as well as the importance of taking measures to achieve a higher level of economic development. When we talk about regionalization as a factor of public regulation of economic and regional development in the conditions of transition in Serbia, European integration in Europe and globalization in the world, it is necessary to take into account possibilities, limitations, applicability and specific characteristics of the Serbian economy in order to secure socioeconomic and geographical framework for conducting economic activities.

Socio-economic analysis of development of regions

The quality of life is affected by many factors, which can be combined according to the similar attributes into some dimensions. A major impact on quality of life has a feeling of security. The quality of life is directly related to the development of regions that can be examined through subjective and objective indicators as well as the security situation. The paper is going to deal with selected socioeconomic indicators of regional development that directly affect the safety of citizens, and therefore their quality of life. There will be evaluated primary socioeconomic indicators of regional development such as regional gross domestic product, the level of economic activity, the rate of regional employment and unemployment, the average regional wages. Trough comparison of the above indicators can be seen if the qualities of life in Slovak regions have been positive and what is the position of regions in terms of development.

The Role of Political Factors in the Urbanization and Regional Development in Romania

The industrial development policy focusing on heavy industry, mainly the steel and machine-construction branches, was a characteristic feature of the socialist-type political systems of Eastern Europe. Its notable consequence for the system of human settlements translated into forcible urbanisation, but only insofar as quantity was concerned (artificial multiplication of towns and of the town population). As industrial units set up, some villages, functioning as dormitories, would be turned into towns: other would be integrated into the urban administrative territory; on the other hand, some dominantly rural residential districts would be attached to the town and a new type of settlements, connected with the construction of big industrial estates, would be built on empty terrain. As a result, a new type of town-integrated settlements would emerge, but the quality of their urban-type infrastructure falls far below that of traditional centres. Their individual character is marked by a fluctuating evolution, in the majority of cases much closer to countryside, that is, decreasing population and growing vulnerability connected with the units they had been engendered by. Considering the foregoing, we could say that these settlements, now part of the town, represent a distinct, intermediary category between the urban and the rural system and should be designated as such. The state capital determines a specific organisation of the state territory, as materialised in a certain pattern of communication routes and a specific layout of the other urban nuclei with macro-territorial functions. Bucharest’s peripheral position within the national territory calls for the decentralisation of its functions concomitantly with remote regional metropoles becoming more important as spatial structuring nuclei. Bucharest’s high degree of hypertrophy compared to the second city in the urban hierarchy, together with its distinct position within the Romanian urban system, asked for a distinctive organisation of its built-in area as early as the beginning of the 20-th century.

Dissimilitudes of the Technical-Urbanistic Endowment between the Centre and the Outskirts of the Urban of Cluj County

Romanian Review of Regional Studies

Technical infrastructure (drinking and industrial water network, sewerage network, heating network, natural gas and electric power supply, telecommunication, access to modern transport routes) represents a basic condition for ensuring the quality standard of the population's life and economic development. Furthermore, it represents a premise for the connections between the centre and the periphery to take place in optimal conditions. However, when talking about the towns in Cluj County, the presence of important differences can be noticed between the towns proper and their outskirts, as well as within them. Disparity identification and localization is highly important in order to find solutions through investment-an essential step in ensuring the support for an optimal functioning of the urban areas.

Territorial Development - Disparities between the Developed and the least Developed Areas of Romania

The 14th Economic International Conference: Strategies and Development Policies of Territories: International, Country, Region, City, Location Challenges, May 10-11, 2018, Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, Romania, 2018

Spatial development refers to developed areas and least developed, how it can be done better link between them and the manner in which less developed areas can catch up with the former. Every country that has reached the stage of development was faced, first, with differences of procedure. The fact that some regions grow faster is a good thing because it allows a faster global growth, a challenge for lagging regions and generate resources for solving the problems facing the country. For a more extensive development, attention should move from region to citizens. Decision makers should not focus on poorly developed areas, but on people living in these areas. Regions and economies are as strong as the people who live in them, and if these people will have access to opportunities and regions have. Generally, people are more productive when they are involved in activities that make them happy. Most often, underdeveloped regions cannot offer such opportunities. The role of public institutions is to facilitate citizens' access to opportunities, both at home and abroad and to support disadvantaged groups who lack access to opportunities like the rest of the population. This paper provides an overview of poorly developed regions in Romania and shows how residents of these areas can move closer to living standards and opportunities for those in developed areas.

Barometers of Regional Development Trends in the case of South-East region of Romania

Acta Universitatis Danubius OEconomica, 2019

«How to approach the sustainable spatial development in SouthEast region of Romania? » is the main question to which this research-paper tries to find answers. New development trajectories are needed in order to tackle the current challenges posed by the rapid dynamics of the labour market, in a globalized, increasingly digitized economy, and in the context of technological, climate and demographic changes. This paper analysis the internal socioeconomic inequalities that SouthEast region of Romania experiences, highlighting the main challenges of territorial development. The internal development capability of SouthEast region of Romania is presented by an inventory of needs and resources during the 2010-2016 period, using the most recent statistical data available on the website of Romanian National Institute of Statistics. This region is confronted with multiple vulnerabilities such as mass unemployment (due to the lower wages and the territorial proximity with capital-region: Bucharest-Ilfov), insufficient public income transfers, out-migration (causing high social costs and also constituting a barrier to regional adjustment) and if these trends persist in long-run, at the extreme, possibly desertification. Moreover, in absence of some basic preconditions for regional development, in terms of infrastructure, accessibility, basic public services, growth could be a dream and not a reality. The paper concludes by proposing suggestions on how to respond to the specific and particular challenges that the SouthEast region of Romania is now facing, on the basis of the previous conceptual and empirical evidence.

The Urban System of Southeastern Europe: Evolution, Structure and Hierarchy

Urban and regional researchers in various European countries have described the enhancement and the polarization between urban centres as a new form of spatially disparate development (Kratke 1993). Considerable interest has been observed, during the last years, in a large number of scientific studies concerning the characteristics of national urban systems and urban evolution in general. This specific interest, in the evolution of urban structure and urban hierarchy as well, derives from the fact that the process of structural changes and economic integration has not only influenced urban systems, through favouring mainly urban primacy, but it has also caused a variety of urban problems and urban disparities within the national urban systems. These particular changes (Suarez-Villa 1988) are considered to be part of the spatial evolution and have the ability to shape the urban and regional socioeconomic structures even in non-reversible ways. According to Kratke (1993), significant contributions to the concept and configuration of urban system have been provided by the urban economists A. Pred (1977), E.S. Dunn (1980) and P. Hall (1993). Pred analyses the urban systems of highly developed economies in a historical perspective. Based on his views, the long-term development of the urban system can be seen as a process of 'cumulative' reinforcement of structural differences among cities that either have remained stable or have already succeeded in gaining an early advantage in the train of growth and structural adaptation. In this context, close economic ties between cities are accentuated, as are also the spread effects of growth processes in a city within the wider urban system. Urban regions that have not managed to secure a favourable position have a rather instable development within this dynamic system and consequently could be controlled by external decision making centres. Dunn expressed the concept of urban system as an 'activity network structure'. A major influence in the development of urban regions constitutes the change in ' activity transfer linkages'. On a long-term basis, these can be internalized or externalized. In Dunn's view, the formation of new production complexes in areas surrounding urban agglomerations can be described as a process of internalization of activity transfer linkages. Similarly, the external deployment of certain production activities from centres in the urban system to 'peripheral' cities can be seen as a process of externalization of transfer linkages. The urban system is to be understood as a network of activity centres within a national or a wider economic region, connected by means of physical transfers, of information flows, of directives as well as by means of capital (monetary) transfers. The quality of the links determines inequalities in the development of the individual activity centres. Finally, Hall focuses on an analysis of seven major forces, which are affecting the value of geographical space, and thus the form of urban structure in Europe, and on a presentation of the urban impacts of these specific forces. The seven major forces are: i) globalization and the formation of continental trading blocks, ii) the transformation of Eastern Europe (a factor which has constituted a significant stimulant for the concept of this article), iii) the shift to the informational economy, iv) the impact of transport technology v), the impact of information technology, vi) the new role of urban promotion and boosterism and vii) the impact of demographic and social change.