Assessment of The Risk Factors Affecting Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in Kurdistan Region at Sulaimania City: Parental Perceptions تقي ي م عوامل الخطورة المؤثرة على األطفال المصابين بالتوحد في اقليم كوردستان \ مدينة السليمانية / ادراك الوالدين (original) (raw)
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Autism spectrum disorder in relation to associated factors of children in salah-addin province: Iraq
International journal of forensic medicine, 2022
Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by deficits in social communication and the presence of restricted interests and repetitive behaviors. Rising prevalence of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in the last decades has led research to focus on the diagnosis and identification of factors associated with ASD. This paper sought for possible factors that put children at risk for ASD. In this study, we investigated the association between ASD and child factors in Iraqi people. Aim of the study: To assess the relationship and estimate the effect of child risk factors with the development of autism spectrum disorders among Iraqi children in Salah-addin city. Methods: An observational case-control study involving 180 children (90 autistic children and 90 healthy children), was conducted in salah-addin city through the period (from 15 Nov. 2021 to 20 march 2022), using Arabic language interviewer administered questionnaire through direct interview and the collected data was measured using chi-square and represented by a suitable tables and figures. Results: The study shows that among 90 autistic child 81% (73) children were male in gender and 61% (55) children were diagnosed between (3-6) years of age. The study found that 68.2% (62) children have a positive family history for development of ASD. Conclusions: Most of affected children are male and two third of them diagnosed at ages between (3-6) years. Family history of autism was common among the autistic children.
Factors associated with Autism Spectrum Disorder: a case-control study in the Lebanese population
Epidemiology, biostatistics, and public health, 2020
Background : Genetic factors represent the major etiological contributor in Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) but several studies also support the involvement of environmental factors. This last hypothesis is reinforced by the evident increase in the prevalence of this disorder in the last decades. Thus, in our study, we aimed to identify the correlation between factors related to sociodemographic elements, to child and mother’s health and ASD in order to dress a best detailed profile of the patients. Methods : We conducted a case-control study including 64 Lebanese patients with ASD and 67 matched controls recruited from all the Lebanese districts. Our data has been analyzed by SPSS 23.0 and the statistical tests carried out were the Independent Sample t-test and the Chi-Square test. In addition, a multivariate logistic regression analysis has been carried out using variables that showed a p<0.05 in the bivariate analysis. Results : Our findings suggest that consanguinity (OR=4; 9...
Journal of Armed Forces Medical College, Bangladesh
Introduction: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by social deficits, communicative difficulties and repetitive behaviors, with evidence of cognitive dysfunction. Approximately 1% of the world’s population or 67 million are affected by autism. ASD is an emerging public health issue globally which is associated with a huge burden on the family, community and the nation. Objective: To determine the socio-demographic characteristics and related factors affecting children with ASD to help the government and relevant organizations to take necessary steps to reduce burden of the families. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out from July 2015 to June 2016 among 154 children with ASD. Data were collected by face-to-face interview with semi-structured questionnaire following systematic random sampling technique. Results: Majority (73.4%) of the children were male and mean (±SD) age was 6.66±2.97 years. Most (88.8%) of the c...
Sociodemographic factors in Arab children with Autism Spectrum Disorders
Introduction There is a critical gap in Autistic Spectrum Disorders (ASD) research with respect to manifestations of the condition in developing countries This study examined the influence of sociodemographic variables on the severity of autistic symptoms and behavioral profile in Arab children. Methods The total study sample comprised of 60 Arab children (38 boys and 22 girls) from three Arab countries (22 Jordanians, 19 Saudis and 19 Egyptians). The diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) was based on DSM-IV criteria supplemented by direct observation according to the Indian Scale for Assessment of Autism (ISAA) and assessment of Intelligent Quotient (IQ). Finally, parents rated their child on the Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). Results It was found that the housewives and Saudi parents described more autistic symptoms and externalizing behavior problems. A significant negative correlation was found between IQ and each of ISAA, CBCL Internalizing and Externalizing ...
Risk Factors of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
Unnes Journal of Public Health
There were 112,000 ASD sufferers in Indonesia in 2012 and in 2015 it was estimated that there were 1 per 250 children or 134,000 sufferers. The proportion of ASD was 62.8% and in 2016 it was 1.28 out of 1000 children in 2015. This study aimed to determine the risk factors for the incidence of ASD in Pontianak City. The research method was analytic observational with a control case study design. The sample was 70 people (35 cases and 35 controls) taken by purposive sampling technique. Data analysis used Chi-Square test (α = 0,05). The results showed that the factors associated with the incidence of ASD were father's age (p = 0.03; OR = 4.00; CI = 1.250-12.804), stress history during pregnancy (p = 0.04; OR = 3.18; CI = 1.13-8.93) and insufficient months of birth (p = 0.036; OR = 4.88; CI = 1.22-19.4), while age of mother during pregnancy, passive smoker, antenatal hemorrhage and pregnancy interval were not associated with the incidence of ASD (p> 0.05). The conclusion of this ...
Dubai Medical Journal
Introduction: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous disorder characterized by deficits in social-emotional reciprocity and associated behavioral symptoms. The goal of this study was to examine perinatal risk factors for ASD and their correlates in a tertiary care hospital in Dubai, United Arab Emirates (UAE). Methods: We conducted a case-control study of 87 children diagnosed with ASD using the DSM-5 criteria, who were born between 1999 and 2014, and diagnosed between 2014 and 2016, and 134 age- and gender-matched control subjects. Data were collected from hospital medical records. Associations between ASD and maternal, birth, and neonatal risk factors were examined using logistic regression analysis. Results: Maternal fever was associated with ASD (p = 0.018), with 0% in the control group and 5% in the cases. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed a trend for an association between high birthweight (>4,000 g) and ASD (95% CI: 0.76–59.93, p = 0.086). Concl...
Saudi Medical Journal
To assess the prevalence and characteristics of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)-affected children attending autistic centers in 2 major cities in Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross-sectional study, including ASD centers and schools (37 centers) in Makkah and Jeddah, Saudi Arabia was conducted between January and March 2020. Data were collected from records and parents of children with ASD using a questionnaire on sociodemographic, family history, consanguinity, severity, and maternal risk factors. Results: All centers in Makkah and Jeddah participated, with a total of 1,023 ASD children. The prevalence of ASD was 2.618 per 1,000 children for Jeddah, 3.68 per 1,000 children for Makkah and 2.81 per 1,000 children for both Jeddah and Makkah. There was no Original Article statistically significant relationship between the severity of ASD and sociodemographic, family and maternal risk factors. However, there was statistically significant relationship between severe ASD and ASD family history (p=0.029, OR: 3.46 and 95% CI 1.14 to 10.5). Conclusions: The prevalence of ASD in Makkah and Jeddah was lower than the global prevalence of ASD. Individuals with a family history of ASD were more likely to have more severe ASD.
Background: Autism is a lifelong neurodevelopment disorder associated with impairment of social communication and abnormal response to some environment stimuli. The aim: Determining maternal risk factors associated with autism and help in prevention, early detection, and intervention. Methodology: A case-control study design comprised all autistic children aged 3-6 years registered at Jeddah Autism Center during October 2016 (No. 27). With 1:3 ratio, eighty-one non-autistic controls attending kindergartens, age and sex-matched to autistic children were included in the study. Paper-based Arabic questionnaire was designed for the study. Results: Most patients were males, mainly diagnosed at age of 3-<4 years. Most of their parents were highly educated, with monthly income between 5000-10000 SAR. Positive family history of autism was more significant among cases than controls (p<0.05, OR;9.017, 95% CI:3.550-23.363). Cases were born for mothers aged ≥30 years and fathers aged ≥40 years more than controls. Parents consanguinity, post-term delivery, macrosomia and fetal distress during labor were more among cases. A lower percentage of cases were discharged from the hospitals with their mothers after delivery, as well as exclusively breastfed. Significantly more cases had neonatal jaundice than controls (p<0.05, OR;3.250, 95% CI:1.275-8.284). Conclusions: Incidence of autism in Jeddah is higher among males who are diagnosed mainly between age of 3-4 years. Some characteristics are associated with cases of autism. However, differences are significant to a positive family history of autism and occurrence of neonatal jaundice.
The Implication of Autism on Families: A Study at Savar, Dhaka City Bangladesh
Asian Journal of Education And Social Studies, 2021
This study works to identify the effects of autism on parents, siblings, and teachers. How autism affects a family and its members, how friends react to their autistic friend, neighbor's perception, and teachers' behavior towards autistic children. After some previous studies, an empirical efficacy framework was created and tested through quantitative techniques. In-depth interview questions were set for conducting a survey with the Parents, Siblings, and Teachers. The results were examined using Cronbach's α, Pearson's correlation and regression analysis strategies. The study examines the relationship between the impact of autism on parents, siblings, and teachers showing various impact by autistic children through the different phases of his life and with his association with different people in society. The study presents a comprehensive and recent review of the effects of autism. Parents who are the primary caregivers of these children were interviewed about their child's autism detection, access to services, and the impact of their family being affected by autism. The findings of the research can aid practitioners in the autism sector in focusing their efforts on areas that can be taken under observations for the improvement of autistic children as well as society.
Autism in children and correlates in Lebanon: a pilot case-control study
Journal of research in health sciences, 2013
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurological disorder typically appearing before the age of three. The exact cause of autism remains uncertain, and several factors may be involved in its onset: genetic factors and possible environmental factors. The aim of this study was to assess the correlates of autism in the Lebanese population. We investigated the association of autism with several factors in 86 autism cases from specialized schools for children with developmental disabilities and 172 control children from regular public schools in the same regions. Several risk factors for autism were investigated after comparison with a cohort control on parental age, sex, maternal unhappy feeling during pregnancy, consanguineous marriage, and province of residence. The Chi-square test was used to compare nominal variables, and Fisher exact test was used in case expected values within cells were inferior to five. For quantitative variables, we used t-test to compare means between two grou...