Utilizing Piezo Acoustic Sensors for the Identification of Surface Roughness and Textures (original) (raw)
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Using Acoustic Emission for Measuring Surface Roughness
Acta Technologica Agriculturae, 2020
This paper is focused on exploring and utilizing the acoustic emission and its behaviour during surface roughness measurement. Surface quality or coating properties significantly affect the reliability and durability of operations. Three samples were selected for an experiment to demonstrate the possibility of measuring the roughness of surface textures by means of acoustic emission method (AE). These samples were made of the following materials: sample A2 – EN 54SiCr6 steel formed in water, austenitized at 850 °C for 20 minutes, sample A3 – non-heat-treated spheroidal graphite cast iron, and sample B5 – abrasion resistant austenitic manganese steel. The surfaces were subjected to the same surface treatments (roughness Ra = 1.6–3.2 μm) and measured under the same conditions. All possible measurements were measured on both x- and y-axes. Final results are presented graphically. The measured AE values showed a visible effect in the AE signals due to the lack of surface roughness.
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Modern manufacturing technologies are continually tending towards automation of the production process due to an increasing demand for high production. In metal cutting operations, surface roughness monitoring as well as other parameters such as tool wear and cutting force are essential requirements in the drive towards automatic process. Acoustic Emission (AE) based sensing technique has becoming more popular because of its effectiveness, which allows understanding the behaviour of surface roughness and tool wear during the operation. The objective of this work is to investigate the relationship between acoustic emission signal (RMS) and surface roughness in turning operation of AISI 1045 carbon steel. The surface profile is obtained perpendicularly to the feed marks on the machined surface in a sample length of 4 mm. The AE signals are acquired during the operation every time the tool passes the region where the roughness will be measured, at a rate of 400 points per rotation of t...
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Structural Health Monitoring-an International Journal, 2019
Surface roughness is inherently a product of manufacturing process and is often undesirable. In surface metrology, the term “roughness” is typically applied to the highfrequency and short-wavelength parameters of a finished surface. In practical applications, the surface roughness is directly associated with the quality of the manufacturing. This study proposes the use of ultrasonic surface guided waves to characterize the surface roughness amplitude and frequency during the manufacturing process. Finite element modeling (FEM) of acoustic wave propagation along a rough surface has revealed that there is a cut-off threshold for Rayleigh wave propagation, which is indicative of the surface roughness description. This cut-off occurs for a particular ratio of the spatial surface waviness and the acoustic wavelength, and the detection of the resulting wave attenuation and decay characterizes the surface roughness. If such a measurement system can be used in-line with the production proce...
Evaluation of air coupling ultrasonic transducers for surface roughness measurement
Ultrasonic techniques are widely used for non-destructive testing NDT. When dealing with standard applications, a fluid is used to couple the transducer and the sample to be measured. The use of transducers coupled by air opens a wide range of possibilities for these tests, allowing the test of pieces that do not support a coupling liquid nor direct contact bonding, because the constituent materials or due to constraints related to on line operation or spatial geometries. The main difficulty to use transducers coupled by air is the huge mismatch of the acoustic impedance between a solid and the air. Due to the great difference of elastic properties and density in the interface transducer-air, the energy transferred from the transducer is very low. In this work we present a special application that consist of the surface roughness measurement in solid interfaces using air coupled transducers. Specially designed piezoelectric transducers were made for this application. These transducers are made of pzt-polymer piezocomposites, coupled to the air using two quarter length matching layers. The main objective of this work is the evaluation of these transducers to measure surface roughness. The set of samples selected are in the range of those found in industrial applications (irons submissive the corrosion and grinder stones of commercial use).
Acoustic emission testing of surface roughness and wear caused by grinding of ceramic materials
The current manufacturing trend mainly involves automation precisely to offer better productivity and improved quality. In this context, online monitoring of tools becomes essential. Acoustic emission is the most recognized technique used for condition monitoring of machine tools. Grinding is a material removal and surface generation process employed to shape and finish components made of metals and other materials. The research work deals with machining of CUMITUFF WR-90 alumina ceramics by employing two different grinding wheels made of aluminum oxide and silicon carbide under varying depth of cut. Surface roughness of the machined component and wear of both grinding wheels were analyzed using acoustic emission technique. For a constant depth, the quality of machining has been improved for the material grinded using silicon carbide wheel, which is inferred from low surface roughness value compared to material grinded using aluminum oxide wheel.
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The feeling of smoothness during the touching is delivered when the finger is rubbed on the surface. A static contact cannot provide such an information. The roughness noise, that is the friction noise generated during the sliding of two rough surfaces, is therefore the key phenomenon for the feeling of smoothness. To this end, a triboacoustical probe has been designed. This is a sort of artificial finger whose load is controlled and equipped with a microphone to measure the Sound Pressure Level. When rubbing the probe on various surfaces, it is possible to compare the acoustical level and therefore to assess the relative smoothness of the surfaces. Among them, some results are presented on skins with different ages, on different parts of the body, on skins before and after cleaning by acetone. Finally, this method is applied to assess the efficiency of cosmetics.
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A method to provide human tactile sensation using surface acoustic wave (SAW) was proposed. A stator transducer material (piezoelectric material) of a SAW tactile display, however, had constraint of size and shape. Previously, to solve this problem, a new method was proposed to excite and propagate SAW on a non-piezoelectric material surface. Excitation and propagation of SAW on a non-piezoelectric material is realized by combination of a LiNbO 3 plate and a glass substrate. Using the method, the glass substrate SAW tactile display could realize tactile sensation in the same manner as the conventional SAW tactile display. However, a relationship between the friction coefficient and vibration amplitude is unclear in the glass substrate SAW tactile display. To decide and optimize the control parameters of the glass substrate SAW tactile display, the relation is needed. In this research, the friction shifts was experimentally confirmed in the glass substrate SAW tactile display. Additionally, the relation was investigated.
Proceedings of the Interntional Congress on Ultrasonics, 2007
Frequently in on line quality control, the surface roughness must be determined. The measure of this parameter can be made in different ways, the machinist might use his fingernail, an automated system performs a local scan using a mechanical stylus, or non contact methods like ultrasound scan. In the ultrasound case we must use a model to evaluate the roughness, typically the root medium square value, translating the complex ultrasonic signal received in the transducer to a usefully value that can be understand by the operator. Mathematical models used for this propose are very complex for no specialists, ended in a closed formula.