Role of insulin-like growth factor 1 in pathogenesis of acne vulgaris: relation to acne severity and body mass index (original) (raw)
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Correlation of Insulin-Like Growth Factor with Acne Severity
Annals of Punjab Medical College, 2017
Background & Introduction: Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1) belongs to the growth factor family, structurally resembling pro-insulin, enabling it to bind to insulin receptors. It plays an important role in many tissues including skin, particularly acne pathogenesis by stimulating sebum production and affecting androgen levels. Studies comparing IGF-1 levels in acne patients and controls have found statistically significant differences, proving acne as a sign of insulin resistance. However, no such study has been carried out in Pakistan. Methodology: After approval from the institutional ethical board and informed consent, a case-control study was carried out with 270 acne patients and 80 age and gendermatched controls. Patients belonged to either gender and aged between 15-35 years were divided into mild, moderate and severe categories. IGF-1 levels were noted after exclusion of any condition interfering with IGF-1 level and correlated with acne severity and with levels of testosterone, dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEAS). Quantitative variables were expressed as median and percentiles. Comparisons were done by Mann-WShitney test and correlations by Spearman correlation. A p value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Out of 350 cases and controls, There were 142 (41%) males and 208 (59%) females. In cases, there were 155 females and 115 males, whereas in controls, there were 54 females and 26 males. Median age of the patients was 20 years. Ninety-Seven patients had mild, 108 moderate and 65 had severe disease. Median levels of IGF-1 were 292 ng/m in cases. IGF-1 levels were significantly different between cases and controls and between mild and severe acne, but not between mild and moderate acne. IGF-1 levels were strongly correlated with the levels of androgenic hormones. Conclusion: Increase of IGF-1 levels in acne point to the role of insulin resistance and diet in acne. Future treatments may be targeted to treat IGF-1 levels by dietary interventions reducing glycemic load.
Serum Level of Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 in Patients with Acne Vulgaris Versus Healthy Subjects
Journal of Skin and Stem Cell, 2018
Background: Role of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) and contributing cancer risk has been shown in many studies. Hence, this study was performed to determine the serum level of IGF-1 in patients with acne vulgaris in comparison with healthy subjects. Methods: The current study was a case-control assessment performed on a sample of 102 subjects, including 51 known cases of acne and 51 healthy subjects (without acne as controls). Serum IGF-1 level was assessed and compared across the two groups. Results: Both groups were matched for age and gender (P > 0.05). The mean IGF-1 level was significantly (P = 0.0001) higher in the case group. There was a significant reverse correlation between age and serum IGF-1 level (P = 0.002, r =-0.417). Also, the mean serum IGF-1 level was significantly higher in males compared with females in the case group (P = 0.006). The severity and location of acne had no association with serum IGF-1 level (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Overall, according to the obtained results in this study, it may be concluded that rate of metabolism is increased in patients with acne. This finding suggests that nutrition-related lifestyle factors play a role in acne pathogenesis. Hence, modifications in these styles are recommended to control acne formation. Also, use of IGF-1-reducing drugs, such as metformin, may be useful for treatment of acne. However, this matter may be confirmed by future studies.
Experimental Dermatology, 2009
It is the purpose of this viewpoint article to delineate the regulatory network of growth hormone (GH), insulin, and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) signalling during puberty, associated hormonal changes in adrenal and gonadal androgen metabolism, and the impact of dietary factors and smoking involved in the pathogenesis of acne. The key regulator IGF-1 rises during puberty by the action of increased GH secretion and correlates well with the clinical course of acne. In acne patients, associations between serum levels of IGF-1, dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate, dihydrotestosterone, acne lesion counts and facial sebum secretion rate have been reported. IGF-1 stimulates 5a-reductase, adrenal and gonadal androgen synthesis, androgen receptor signal transduction, sebocyte proliferation and lipogenesis. Milk consumption results in a significant increase in insulin and IGF-1 serum levels comparable with high glycaemic food. Insulin induces hepatic IGF-1 secretion, and both hormones amplify the stimulatory effect of GH on sebocytes and augment mitogenic downstream signalling pathways of insulin receptors, IGF-1 receptor and fibroblast growth factor receptor-2b. Acne is proposed to be an IGF-1-mediated disease, modified by diets and smoking increasing insulin ⁄ IGF1-signalling. Metformin treatment, and diets low in milk protein content and glycaemic index reduce increased IGF-1 signalling. Persistent acne in adulthood with high IGF-1 levels may be considered as an indicator for increased risk of cancer, which may require appropriate dietary intervention as well as treatment with insulin-sensitizing agents.
The high homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance as risk factor for acne vulgaris
Bali Dermatology and Venereology Journal
Background: Acne vulgaris (AV) is a common chronic skin disease involving blockage and or inflammation of pilosebaceous glands which usually affects teenagers and young adults. Elevated sebaceous gland secretion, Propionibacterium acne colonization and inflammation, high androgen effects, and follicular hyperproliferation are the main pathogenic factors of AV. IGF-1 and insulin were studied to stimulate sebaceous lipogenesis. In the skin, besides inducing lipid production in human sebocytes IGF-1 also induces keratinocyte proliferation in vitro and in vivo. HOMA-IR is an examination to determine insulin activity in the basal state.Objective: To prove that high HOMA-IR value is a risk factor for the occurrence of acne vulgaris.Methods: This study is a case control analytic study by comparing HOMA-IR in subjects with AV (case group) and non AV (control group). AV is diagnosed based on clinical predilection. Insulin testing was carried out by the immulite 2000 device through the immuno...
Iranian Journal of Pathology, 2020
Background & Objective: To find an association between gene variants of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) with the risk of acne vulgaris (AV). Methods: In a case-control study, we investigated 150 AV patients and 148 healthy individuals (aged 18-25 years) for the IGF-1 G>A and MTHFR C677T polymorphisms, as well as the serum levels of IGF-1, insulin, and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). The serum biochemical parameters and the genotypes of IGF-1 G>A and MTHFR C677T were detected by using appropriate kits and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) methods, respectively. Results: The frequencies of IGF-1 and the MTHFR polymorphisms were not significantly different comparing patients and controls. The serum level of IGF-1 was 179.8±72.8 µg/L in AV patients compared to 164.6±63.7 µg/L in controls (P=0.056). The serum level of insulin in female patients was significantly higher than controls. The HOMA was 3.54±5.6 in patients compared to 1.16±1.4 (P<0.001) in controls. Significantly higher levels of fasting blood sugar (FBS), total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) were detected in female patients than controls. However, the level of estradiol was significantly lower in female patients than in controls. In females, the presence of the MTHFR T allele was associated with significantly higher levels of FBS and LDL-C, as well as a significantly lower level of estradiol compared to those carriers of the C allele. Conclusion: We found the absence of an association between IGF-1 and MTHFR polymorphisms with the risk of AV. However, increased insulin, IGF-1, and HOMA levels in AV patients indicated the effect of insulin and insulin resistance in the risk of AV and its severity.
Role of insulin resistance and diet in acne
Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology, and Leprology, 2013
There is increasing evidence in support of the interplay of growth hormone (GH), insulin, and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) signaling during puberty, which have a causal role in pathogenesis of acne by influencing adrenal and gonadal androgen metabolism. Milk consumption and hyperglycemic diets can induce insulin and IGF-1-mediated PI3K ⁄ Akt-activation inducing sebaceous lipogenesis, sebocyte, and keratinocyte proliferation, which can aggravate acne.
Role of Insulin Resistance in Acne Vulgaris: A Hospital Based Observational Study
IOSR Journals , 2019
Background and aim: This study was aimed to assess the role of insulin resistance in acne vulgaris. Materials and method: This was a hospital-based, observational study done on 300outdoor patientswho were clinically diagnosed to have acne.HOMA IR (Homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance) was calculated for all patients. Results: In our study, out of 300 cases, 154 (51.3%) were females and 146(48.7%) were males. Most of the cases (29.6%) were between 16-20 years of age followed by (20.6%) 21-25 years of age. 72.7% of the patients were students. Out of 300, 54% patients were adopting high glycemic diet.Grade II acne was found in 182 of 60.7%, followed by grade III in 77 (25.7%); grade I in 26(8.7%) and grade IV in 15 (5%) patients.Fasting serum Insulin levels was raised(>20) in 48(16%) females and 38(12.7%) males.HOMA IR level was raised(>2.5) in 86(28.6%) patients out of which 48(55.8%) were females and 38(44.2%) were males. Out of 154 female patients 32 were positive for PCOS. Conclusion: 28.6% patients showed raised HOMA IR which shows that high glycemic diet plays a significant role in insulin resistance acne.
Milk and Insulin Growth Factor 1 (IGF1) - Implication in Acne and General Health
Romanian Biotechnological Letters
Acne, which now is considered "epidemic" in Western countries, is estimated to affect 79-95% of the adolescent population and 40-54% of individuals older than 25 years. Social, psychological, and emotional impact of acne is similar to patients diagnosed with asthma, arthritis, epilepsy, and diabetes.
Insulin resistance in adult Acne
IP innovative publication pvt. ltd, 2019
Introduction: Acne Vulgaris is considered to be a multifactorial disease, which is becoming highly prevalent amongst both teenagers and adults. Insulin resistance in adults suffering from Acne Vulgaris was assessed and found to be significant. Conclusion: The present study showed significant insulin resistance in adults suffering from acne vulgaris as compared to controls. Materials and Methods: This case-control study included 200 patients out of which 100 were adults with Grade 2-4 Acne Vulgaris and 100 were healthy controls. Blood samples were taken from all participants for the detection of Insulin and Fasting Blood Sugar levels following which Insulin resistance was calculated using HOMA-IR. Objective: To evaluate the relationship of insulin resistance using the HOMA-IR model in adults suffering from Grade 2-4 Acne Vulgaris as compared to healthy controls.