Diversity and abundance of family Aphididae from selected crops of Faisalabad, Pakistan (original) (raw)
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Journal of entomology and zoology studies, 2017
Present study was conducted to determine the population trends and species richness of aphids and natural enemies at four locations of Punjab i.e. Faisalabad, Bahawalpur, Dera Ghazi Khan and Khanpur during 2014 and 2015. Three species of aphids i.e. Brevicoryne brassicae, Myzus persicae and Lipaphis erysimi were reported in studied locations. Brevicoryne brassicae population (38-152) was higher than that of Myzus persicae (0-77) and Lipaphis erysimi (19-41). Among various locations, maximum aphids population was observed in Khanpur (150-157) followed by Bahawalpur (77-80) Faisalabad (48-56) and D.G. Khan (38-42). Brevicoryne brassicae and Lipaphis erysimi were recorded from all locations while specie Myzus persicae was only recorded at Faisalabad. Maximum natural enemy population recorded was of ladybird beetle (1.6-2.6), followed by Green lacewing (0.7-1.6) and Syrphid fly (0.8-1.0). Species richness showed that Brevicoryne brassicae and Lipaphis erysimi were recorded from D.G. Khan and Bahawalpur, while Brevicoryne brassicae, Myzus persicae and Lipaphis erysimi were recorded from Khanpur and Faisalabad localities.
PLOS ONE, 2019
Aphids are major pests of wheat crop in Pakistan inflicting considerable economic losses. A better knowledge of landscape scale spatial distribution of aphids and their natural enemies could be used to improve integrated pest management programs. Therefore, the present study aimed to document spatio-temporal variations in populations of wheat aphids and their natural enemies in Pakistan. The 2-year survey study was carried out at ten experimental farms located in five districts of four contrasted agro-ecological zones of eastern Pakistan (Punjab area) i.e. District Chakwal in arid zone, Gujranwala in rice-cropped zone, Faisalabad in central mixed-cropped zone, and Khanewal and Multan in cotton-cropped zone. The dominant aphid species i.e. Schizaphis graminum, Rhopalosiphum padi, R. maidis and Sitobion avenae varied significantly among the five districts surveyed. The population of S. graminum was observed more abundant in arid, R. padi in rice, S. avenae in aird and rice, and R. maidis in cotton-I zones. Aphids ended their population dynamics on 25 th March in central mixed-cropped zone and 12 th April in other three zones. Various species of natural enemies, mainly Coccinella septumpunctata, C. undecimpunctata, Menochilus sexmaculata, Chrysoperla carnea, Syrphidae and parasitoid mummies were inconsistently observed in four agroecological zones. The population of C. septumpunctata, was observed more abundant in rice zone, C. undecimpunctata and C. carnea in cotton-I and arid zones, M. sexmaculata in cotton-I and II zones, Syrphidae in cotton-I zone and parasitoid mummies in rice and arid zones. There were no clear relationships between aphid and the natural enemy populations. The present study may serve as a baseline regarding distribution of wheat aphids and their natural enemies and the results provided insights for further studies on the potential topdown (natural enemies) versus bottom-up (fertilization and irrigation regimes) forces in management of wheat aphids in eastern Pakistan.
2020
The present investigation entitled “Aphid diversity and associated predatory fauna in different crop-ecosystems of Akola” was carried out during the year 2017-2018. During study period total 1810 specimens of aphids and 205 specimens of predatory fauna associated with aphids collected from various Kharif and Rabi crops agro-ecosystem. Pictorial key was developed during the course of investigation based on morphological characters facilitates to identify the aphid fauna from different crop-ecosystems up to species level. The aphids, Aphis gossypii (Glover) was found in three crops viz. Cotton, Okra and Sunflower. Aphis craccivora species was found on Cowpea, Bean and Citrus crops. The results of this study indicate that both Aphis gossypii (Glover) and Aphis craccivora have a wide range of host and vertical distribution from low to high. Hysteroneura setariae species of aphids were first time recorded for this locality. Pictorial key developed during the investigations based on morph...
International Journal of Chemical Studies, 2020
The present investigation entitled "Aphid diversity and associated predatory fauna in different cropecosystems of Akola" was carried out during the year 2017-2018. During study period total 1810 specimens of aphids and 205 specimens of predatory fauna associated with aphids collected from various Kharif and Rabi crops agro-ecosystem. The collected data revealed that total seven species of aphids and sixteen species of predators were collected from different crop agro-ecosystem. In aphids seven species viz; Aphis gossypii (Glover), Aphis craccivora (Koch), Rhopalosiphum maidis (Fitch), Aphis (Taxoptera) citricidus (Kirkaldy), Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach), Hysteroneura setariae (Thomas) and Uroleucon compositae (Theobald). Aphid's population varied in the Kharif and Rabi crop season in the various crop fields, maximum population of aphids was observed in the month of November-December. However, moderate to rich species biodiversity of aphids species was noticed as per Shannon Biodiversity Index (H'=1.545) in Akola vicinity during kharif 2017-18. Simpson index value was 0.75. The Evenness index had a value of 0.79. Species wise data of aphids showed rich fauna of U. compositae with 37.24 per cent.
International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 9(5): 2529-2546 , 2020
The aphids (Homoptera: Aphididae) are major pests of agriculturally important crops, including vegetables, across the world. They suck plant sap, cause leaf curling, yellowing and stunted growth of the host plants. They also act as vectors of many viral diseases in plants. In order to explore aphid pests and their naturally occurring bio-control agents (parasitoids and predators), an extensive field survey was conducted in different vegetable ecosystems of the Kashmir valley during the years from 2014-2019. Moreover, a through literature survey pertaining to aphids, reported from Jammu and Kashmir, was also done. Accordingly, based on these studies, it was concluded that as many as 18 species of aphids belonging to 12 genera infest as many as 26 species and 30 varieties of vegetable crops in Jammu and Kashmir (J&K). It was also concluded that at least 29 species of insect predators and 17 species of parasitoids occur naturally to suppress these aphid pest species in vegetable ecosystems in J&K. In sum, through this study, a comprehensive account of aphids and their natural enemies with reference to vegetable crops in J&K is presented. This work will be useful for the studies concerning the devising of strategies for Integrated Control Program of aphids, especially through utilization of natural bio-control agents.
Pakistan Journal of Zoology, 2015
An experiment was conducted to study the population density of cereal aphids and their natural predators under the effect of different wheat varieties. Ten local wheat varieties were laid in the RCBD design having four replications, each having 2 sub-plots at the New Developmental Farm, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Agricultural University, Peshawar (NDF, KP-AUP). Data for the aphid population pattern, their predators, aphid parasitoids, and ultimate losses to grain yield and biomass were recorded. Moreover, population distribution pattern on different plant parts was also studied. Result indicated that Saleem-2000 appeared to be the resistant cultivar having minimum aphid infestation (4.65) before booting stage, due to maximum beetle population (0.15). However, after the booting stage, Pirsabak-2004 received the maximum aphid infestation (2.90) due to minimum beetle population plant-1 (0.08). Moreover, R.padi and S.avenaee are the dominant species of aphids during vegetative and reproductive crop stages, respectively. Higher grain yield losses (31.12%) under aphid infestation over the control were recorded in Ghaznavi-98 while Fakhr-e-sarhad (0.74%) showed minimal yield losses. vegetable, fruits, ornamental plants and field crops (Hatchett et al., 1987;.
IAR Consortium, 2021
Cereal aphid species are becoming one of the significant pests of wheat under the vagaries of agro-climatic conditions of Bihar in the regime of global warming. No scientific study seems to exist on species complex of aphids affecting the wheat crop in the region. Present investigation aimed to resolve the prevailing species complex of the crop. The observations were recorded on eleven diverse wheat genotypes planted in randomized block design during 2012-13 and 2013-14 under unprotected field condition. Aphid population was found maximum during 1 st to 2 nd weeks of March when the crops were mostly between 58 to 69 Zadoks growth stages. The level of infestation varied from 5% to 100%. In most of the plants the aphids were mainly concentrating on the earhead. Among the wheat genotypes used for the investigation the ear heads were mainly infested by the mixed population of grain aphids i.e. Sitobion avenae (Fabricius) and S. miscanthi, dominated by S. avenae. The aphid intensity varied from less than 10 per tiller to more than 50 per tiller. Other two species which were present in relatively low proportion were Rhopalosiphum maidis and R. padi. R. maidis observed mainly on flag and few lower leaves whereas the R. padi was observed on leaves and ear heads often with few numbers. Aphid complex comprising of these four species was found in all the years of investigation with fluctuation in their relative proportions in which grain aphids were found most predominant.
Study on Species Richness of Aphid through Integrated Pest Management
Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Research, 2022
Yellow moericke and sticky traps are important tools of integrated pest management (IPM), which act as indicators of population trends and fluctuation of flying insects. These traps were evaluated at different growth stages of wheat (seedling, tillering and dough stage) and trap height (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 meter) on the basis of mean aphid collection and species richness. Results indicated that population appeared in the standard week (SW) 52 of 1 st year to SW 18 of 2 nd year in both traps. Population peaks in the yellow moericke traps (YMT) and sticky trap (YST) were found during SW 08-14 and SW 10-14, respectively. The YMTs were 50 % more effective due to their higher attraction and killing rate of aphids as compared to the YSTs. The efficiency of attraction depends upon the size, shape, and height of trap, as well as the abiotic factors affecting them. To achieve ideal trap efficacy their height should be adjusted according to the crop growth stage. It is very important to keep traps just above the crop canopy. Traps at 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 meter heights were more effective at seedling, tillering and dough stages, respectively. The population in the traps was correlated with the average temperature (⁰С) and humidity (%). Temperature had positive and significant correlation with population captured in the traps while humidity had negative and non-significant correlation with per unit population attraction. There was no significant difference of correlation between the traps attraction and years. Temperature and humidity had 47 and 0.9, 53 and 13 % impact on per unit population change in the YMT during 2019 and 2020, respectively. While in YST temperature and humidity had 55 and 0.7, 83 and 5 % impact on per unit population change during 2019 and 2020, respectively. These traps were installed in the wheat field where it attracted 14 species of aphid. Two new species Aphis nerii and Aphis fabae were reported in the agro ecological zone of Bhakkar having active periods SW 18-22 and SW 03-07, respectively. Yellow moericke traps are highly recommended to use as indicator as well as control tool of all important aphid species of wheat crop.
Population Dynamics and Natural Enemies of Aphids on Winter Wheat in Peshawar, Pakistan
Pakistan journal of zoology
Studies on population dynamics of aphids on wheat varieties Bakhtawar, Saleem 2000, Uqab and Pir Sabaque-85 and their natural enemies were carried out at Malakandher Research Farm, Peshawar. Aphid infestation started during the last week of December, remained low during January with a peak in the 1 st week of March. Comparatively higher population of aphids and their natural enemies was observed on variety Pir Sabaque-85. Two species of coccinellids and two of hymenopterous parasitoids appeared in the mid February whereas Syrphid fly and Chrysoperla were observed during 1 st week of March. The peak population density of coocinellids was observed in the 4 th week of March, Syrphid fly in 3 rd week of March, Chrysoperla in the 2 nd week of April and hymenopterous parasitoids in the 3 rd week of March. Variety Pir Sabaque-85 appeared to harbour higher number of natural enemies than the other wheat varieties, probably in response to the higher aphid densities.
Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 2020
This study was carried out to investigate the relationship and host preference of aphids and their parasitoids on different host plants in Diyarbakır and Şanlıurfa provinces in 2014-2015. In this study, 24 aphid species belonging to 18 genera, 10 parasitoid species belonging to 6 genera and 20 plant species belonging to 8 families were evaluated. Biodiversity Pro V7 package program was used for diversity cluster analysis and to determine similarity between host plant species, aphids and their parasitoids. Lysiphlebus fabarum (Marshall) and Praon volucre (Haliday) were observed as the most active parasitoids, with preference of five different aphid species, while the remaining aphid species were parasitized by the other parasitoid species. However, Aphelinus paramali (Zehavi & Rosen) was found to be specifically parasitizing only one aphid species. The highly parasitism percentage of 10 parasitoid species over 24 different aphid species and their complex relationship in wheat fields and surrounding areas, provided a wonderful natural balanced of biodiversity and possibility to control of aphids in Southeast Anatolia Region. The results of this study will provide useful knowledge in order to introduce biological control possibilities under the framework of integrated pest management.