Fractionation and speciation of arsenic in three tea gardens soil profiles and distribution of As in different parts of tea plant (Camellia sinensis L.) (original) (raw)
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The mobility of arsenic and its species in selected herbs
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The aim of the study was verifi cation of the response of chamomile (Matricaria recutita (L.) Rauschert), peppermint (Mentha x piperita) lemon balm (Melissa offi cinalis L.), and sage (Salvia offi cinalis L.) on the elevated contents of inorganic As species in soils. The ability of herbs to accumulate arsenic was tested in pot experiment in which soils were contaminated by As(III) and As(V). The As(III), As(V), AB (arsenobetaine), MMA (monomethylarsonic acid) and DMA (dimethylarsinic acid) ions were successfully separated in the Hamilton PRP-X100 column with high performance-liquid chromatography-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (HPLC-ICP-MS) techniques. The study examined total arsenic contents in soil and plants, as well as the mobility of the arsenic species from the soil into the studied plants. Peppermint demonstrated the highest arsenic concentration and phytoaccumulation among studied plants. The sequential chemical extraction showed that arsenic in the contaminated soil was mainly related to the oxide and organic-sulfi de fractions. The results showed that the oxidized arsenic form had a greater ability to accumulate in herbs and was more readily absorbed from the substrate by plants. Research has shown that soil contaminated with As(III) or As(V) has different effects on the arsenic content in plants. The plant responses to strong environmental pollution varied and depended on their type and the arsenic species with which the soil was contaminated. In most cases it resulted in the appearance of the organic arsenic derivatives.
Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 2007
The influence of soil contamination by inorganic and organic arsenic compounds on uptake, accumulation, and transformation of arsenic in pepper (Capsicum annum L.) was investigated in greenhouse pot experiments under controlled conditions. Pepper plants were cultivated in substrate amended by aqueous solutions of arsenite, arsenate, methylarsonic acid (MA), and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) applied individually into cultivation substrate at concentrations of 15 mg As per kg of substrate. The plant availability of the arsenicals increased in the order arsenite = arsenate < MA < DMA. The highest arsenic concentrations were found in roots followed by stems, leaves, and fruits regardless of arsenic compound applied. In the control samples of pepper fruits, As(III), As(V), and DMA were present (25%, 37%, and 39% of the water-extractable arsenic). In control stems + leaves and roots, As(V) was the major compound (63% and 53% in a phosphate buffer extract) followed by As(III) representing 33% and 42%. Additionally, low concentrations (not exceeding 5%) of DMA and MA were detected as well. In all the soils analyzed after the first harvest of pepper fruits, arsenate was the dominating compound followed by arsenite. Methylarsonic acid, methylarsonous acid, and DMA were present at varying concentrations depending on the individual soil treatments. In the treated plants, the arsenic compounds in plant tissues reflected predominantly the extractable portions of arsenic compounds present in soil after amendment, and this pattern was more significant in the first part of vegetation period. The results confirmed the ability of generative parts of plants to accumulate preferably organic arsenic compounds, whereas in the roots and aboveground biomass, mainly inorganic arsenic species are present. Evidently, the source of soil arsenic contamination affects significantly the extractable portions of arsenic compounds in soil and subsequently the distribution of arsenic compounds within the plants.
Биомедицинска истраживања, 2020
Introduction. Arsenic exists in various forms in nature and living organisms. Toxic elements, including arsenic, which are present in some plants, can severely damage haemopoietic, immune, nervous and reproductive systems. For this reason, a content of heavy metals is one of the criteria for the assessment of the safe use of plant material in the production of traditional medicines and herbal infusions. This instigates the need for constant and organized safety control of plants that are used as raw materials in pharmaceutical industry. The aim of this study is to determine the arsenic content in selected teas which are available on the market of the Republic of Srpska. Methods. The 10 g samples of 13 herbal and 3 fruit teas were mineralized by dry ashing and arsenic contents were determined by the atomic absorption spectrophotometer Agilent Technologies Series 200 with an air-acetylene burner and D2 background correction. Results. Mean arsenic concentrations in the herbal tea sampl...
Biological Trace Element Research, 2019
Tea (Camellia sinensis L.) is the most popular beverage in the world after water. Due to acidophilic nature of tea plant, it has inherent tendency to uptake metals/metalloids including the toxic ones from the soil which is of great concern worldwide. In this study, level of chromium (Cr) and arsenic (As) were assessed in four hundred ninety-seven (497) black tea samples collected from six tea growing regions of Assam and North Bengal, India. The average concentration of Cr and As in the tested black tea samples was 10.33 and 0.11 μg g −1 , respectively. Since tea is consumed as a beverage, transfer of Cr and As from black tea to its hot water extract (also known as tea infusion) was also accessed. The amount of Cr and As determined in the tea infusion was much less (< 0.20 to 1.38 μg g −1 for Cr and < 3.60 to 34.79 μg kg −1 for As) than those in the black teas with the transfer rate up to 5.96% and 8.53%, respectively. The present study showed that values of hazard quotient were well below one suggesting that intake of Cr and As from consumption of five cups of tea equivalent to 10 g black tea would not impose any health hazard.
Food chemistry, 2016
Samples of soil, the broad bean plant, Vicia faba and irrigation water were collected from the same agricultural site in Dokan, in the Kurdistan region of Iraq. Total arsenic and arsenic speciation were determined in all materials by ICP-MS and HPLC-ICP-MS, respectively. Available arsenic (11%) was also determined within the soil, together with Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Zn, Fe and Mn. The concentrations of total arsenic were: soil (5.32μgg(-1)), irrigation water (1.06μgL(-1)), roots (2.065μgg(-1)) and bean (0.133μgg(-1)). Stems, leaves and pods were also measured. Inorganic As(V) dominated soil (90%) and root (78%) samples. However, organo-arsenic (MMA, 48% and DMA, 19%) was the more dominant species in the edible bean. The study provides an insight into the uptake, preferred disposal route, speciation changes and loss mechanism involved for arsenic with this food source.
Arsenic In The Soil Environment : A Soil Chemistry Review
2016
Arsenic in the soil environment has gained renewed interest because of the emerging acknowledgement that arsenic accumulation in rice is a global concern. This review reflects the current state of research being provided to the understanding of arsenic in the soil environment with an emphasis on arsenic uptake in rice. Arsenic speciation and the chemical reactions associated with arsenite, arsenate and methylated-arsenic species is of prime importance. The chemistry of soil arsenic is both abiotic and biotic and its chemistry is complicated by (i) oxidation-reduction processes, (ii) acid-base reactions, (iii) adsorption-precipitation reactions, and (iv) plant uptake and accumulation. Ultimately plant genetics and emerging irrigation regimes, predicated on our collective understanding of the role soil chemistry, provide the opportunity to alter agriculture production to safeguard the global food
Microchimica Acta, 2005
This paper describes an approach to the determination of arsenic species bonding with proteins or low-molecular peptides by separation of leaf proteins and protein precursors into three fractions and analysis of arsenic species associated to these fractions. Plants irrigated with arsenite contained not only arsenite but also arsenate and dimethylarsinate. In plants treated with arsenate, the major component was arsenite in the water-soluble fraction containing soluble protein and non-protein (F II) and in the acid-soluble non-protein fraction (F IV). Concentrations of 43 mg kg À1 (As(V)-treatment) and 18 mg kg À1 (As(III)-treatment) could be analyzed in the waterinsoluble structure protein fraction F I (56 AE 15% of the total mass). Based on the concentration of arsenic species in all fractions, conclusions are drawn over the fixation of arsenic in the fraction of insoluble structure proteins, in the fraction of soluble cytosolic proteins as well as the fraction of amino acids.
A profile of arsenic species in different vegetables growing in arsenic-contaminated soils
Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science, 2016
Six different vegetables (black radish, black salsify, lettuce, parsnip, Savoy cabbage and Swede turnip) were cultivated in model pot experiments. The soils used in the experiments originated from two mining and smelting sites in the Czech Republic-Příbram and Kutná Hora, respectively. These soils showed differences in physicochemical properties and/or total contents of arsenic, reaching 36.0±1.0 mg As kg-1 and 473 ± 10 mg As kg-1 , respectively. The four most common anionic arsenic compounds (arsenite As(III), arsenate As(V), dimethylarsinate (DMA), methylarsonate (MA)) were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled to an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICPMS). The concentration of arsenic species determined in edible plant parts decreased in the following order: As(V) ~ As(III) >> DMA ~ MA. Higher proportions of both DMA and MA were found in the aboveground edible parts (leaves) compared to the underground parts (tubers). The results indicate that the distribution of arsenic compounds differed predominantly according to individual plant species whereas almost no effect was observed due to the different soil properties. However, a higher arsenic concentration in soils resulted in more arsenic in the plant independently of the aboveground biomass (leaves) or the underground plant parts (tubers).
Phytochemistry, 2009
This study investigated the absorption of arsenic (As), sulfur (S), and phosphorus (P) in the desert plant Chilopsis linearis (Desert willow). A comparison between an inbred line (red flowered) and wild type (white flowered) plants was performed to look for differential responses to As treatment. One month old seedlings were treated for 7 days with arsenate (As 2 O 5 , As V ) at 0, 20, and 40 mg As V L À1 . Results from the ICP-OES analysis showed that at 20 mg As V L À1 , red flowered plants had 280 ± 11 and 98 ± 7 mg As kg À1 dry wt in roots and stems, respectively, while white flowered plants had 196 ± 30 and 103 ± 13 mg As kg À1 dry wt for roots and stems. At this treatment level, the concentration of As in leaves was below detection limits for both plants. In red flowered plants treated with 40 mg As V L À1 , As was at 290 ± 77 and 151 ± 60 mg As kg À1 in roots and stems, respectively, and not detected in leaves, whereas white flowered plants had 406 ± 36, 213 ± 12, and 177 ± 40 mg As kg À1 in roots, stems, and leaves. The concentration of S increased in all As treated plants, while the concentration of P decreased in roots and stems of both types of plants and in leaves of red flowered plants. X-ray absorption spectroscopy analyses demonstrated partial reduction of arsenate to arsenite in the form of As-(SX) 3 species in both types of plants.
Environmental Pollution, 2014
The toxicity of arsenic (As) in the environment is controlled by its concentration, availability and speciation. The aims of the study were to evaluate the accumulation and speciation of As in carrot, lettuce and spinach cultivated in soils with various As concentrations and to estimate the concomitant health risks associated with the consumption of the vegetables. Arsenic concentration and speciation in plant tissues and soils was analysed by HPLC, AAS and XANES spectroscopy. To estimate the plants influence in the rhizosphere, organic acids in lettuce root exudates were analysed by ion chromatography. The results showed that the As accumulation was higher in plants cultivated in soil with higher As extractability. Arsenate predominated in the soils, rhizosphere and root exudates of lettuce. Succinic acid was the major organic acid in lettuce root exudates. Ingestion of the tested vegetables may result in an intake of elevated levels of inorganic As.